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Beam Energy Dependence of the Third Harmonic of Azimuthal Correlations in Au+Au Collisions at RHIC

The collaboration
Phys.Rev.Lett. 116 (2016) 112302, 2016.

Abstract (data abstract)
BNL-RHIC. We present results from a harmonic decomposition of two-particle azimuthal correlations measured with the STAR detector in Au+Au collisions for energies ranging from $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=7.7$ GeV to 200 GeV. The third harmonic $v_3^2\{2\}=\langle \cos3(\phi_1-\phi_2)\rangle$, where $\phi_1-\phi_2$ is the angular difference in azimuth, is studied as a function of the pseudorapidity difference between particle pairs $\Delta\eta = \eta_1-\eta_2$. Non-zero {\vthree} is directly related to the previously observed large-$\Delta\eta$ narrow-$\Delta\phi$ ridge correlations and has been shown in models to be sensitive to the existence of a low viscosity Quark Gluon Plasma (QGP) phase. For sufficiently central collisions, $v_3^2\{2\}$ persist down to an energy of 7.7 GeV suggesting that QGP may be created even in these low energy collisions. In peripheral collisions at these low energies however, $v_3^2\{2\}$ is consistent with zero. When scaled by pseudorapidity density of charged particle multiplicity per participating nucleon pair, $v_3^2\{2\}$ for central collisions shows a minimum near $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=20$ GeV.

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Representative results on $v_3^2\{2\}$ from Au+Au collisions as a function of $\Delta\eta$ for charged hadrons with pT > 0.2 GeV/c...

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Representative results on $v_3^2\{2\}$ from Au+Au collisions as a function of $\Delta\eta$ for charged hadrons with pT > 0.2 GeV/c...

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Data from Figure 1

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Representative results on $v_3^2\{2\}$ from Au+Au collisions as a function of $\Delta\eta$ for charged hadrons with pT > 0.2 GeV/c...

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Representative results on $v_3^2\{2\}$ from Au+Au collisions as a function of $\Delta\eta$ for charged hadrons with pT > 0.2 GeV/c...

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Data from Figure 1

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Representative results on $v_3^2\{2\}$ from Au+Au collisions as a function of $\Delta\eta$ for charged hadrons with pT > 0.2 GeV/c...

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Data from Figure 1

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Representative results on $v_3^2\{2\}$ from Au+Au collisions as a function of $\Delta\eta$ for charged hadrons with pT > 0.2 GeV/c...

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Data from Figure 1

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Data from Figure 1

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Data from Figure 1

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Data from Figure 1

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Data from Figure 1

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Data from Figure 1

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Data from Figure 1

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Representative results on $v_3^2\{2\}$ from Au+Au collisions as a function of $\Delta\eta$ for charged hadrons with pT > 0.2 GeV/c...

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Data from Figure 1

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Representative results on $v_3^2\{2\}$ from Au+Au collisions as a function of $\Delta\eta$ for charged hadrons with pT > 0.2 GeV/c...

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Data from Figure 1

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Data from Figure 1

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Data from Figure 1

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Representative results on $v_3^2\{2\}$ from Au+Au collisions as a function of $\Delta\eta$ for charged hadrons with pT > 0.2 GeV/c...

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Data from Figure 1

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Data from Figure 1

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Data from Figure 1

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Data from Figure 2

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Npart values are for the corresponding centrality at 200 GeV.

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Npart values are for the corresponding centrality at 200 GeV.

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Npart values are for the corresponding centrality at 200 GeV.

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Npart values are for the corresponding centrality at 200 GeV.

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Data from Figure 2

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Npart values are for the corresponding centrality at 200 GeV.

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Npart values are for the corresponding centrality at 200 GeV.

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Npart values are for the corresponding centrality at 200 GeV.

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Npart values are for the corresponding centrality at 200 GeV.

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Data from Figures 3 and 4

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