Correlated long-range mixed-harmonic fluctuations measured in $pp$, $p$+Pb and low-multiplicity Pb+Pb collisions with the ATLAS detector

The ATLAS collaboration
Phys.Lett.B 789 (2019) 444-471, 2019.

Abstract
Correlations of two flow harmonics $v_n$ and $v_m$ via three- and four-particle cumulants are measured in 13 TeV $pp$, 5.02 TeV $p$+Pb, and 2.76 TeV peripheral Pb+Pb collisions with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The goal is to understand the multi-particle nature of the long-range collective phenomenon in these collision systems. The large non-flow background from dijet production present in the standard cumulant method is suppressed using a method of subevent cumulants involving two, three and four subevents separated in pseudorapidity. The results show a negative correlation between $v_2$ and $v_3$ and a positive correlation between $v_2$ and $v_4$ for all collision systems and over the full multiplicity range. However, the magnitudes of the correlations are found to depend strongly on the event multiplicity, the choice of transverse momentum range and collision system. The relative correlation strength, obtained by normalisation of the cumulants with the $\langle v_n^2\rangle$ from a two-particle correlation analysis, is similar in the three collision systems and depends weakly on the event multiplicity and transverse momentum. These results based on the subevent methods provide strong evidence of a similar long-range multi-particle collectivity in $pp$, $p$+Pb and peripheral Pb+Pb collisions.

  • Table 1

    Data from Figure 1 (top left)

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t1

    The symmetric cumulant $sc_{2,3}\{4\}$ results as a function of multiplicity ($N_{ch}$) in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 13 TeV

  • Table 2

    Data from Figure 1 (top right)

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t2

    The symmetric cumulant $sc_{2\,3}\{4\}$ results as a function of multiplicity ($N_{ch}$) in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 13 TeV

  • Table 3

    Data from Figure 1 (middle left)

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t3

    The symmetric cumulant $sc_{2\,3}\{4\}$ results as a function of multiplicity ($N_{ch}$) in pPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV

  • Table 4

    Data from Figure 1 (middle right)

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t4

    The symmetric cumulant $sc_{2\,3}\{4\}$ results as a function of multiplicity ($N_{ch}$) in pPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV

  • Table 5

    Data from Figure 1 (bottom left)

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t5

    The symmetric cumulant $sc_{2\,3}\{4\}$ results as a function of multiplicity ($N_{ch}$) in PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 2.76 TeV

  • Table 6

    Data from Figure 1 (bottom right)

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t6

    The symmetric cumulant $sc_{2\,4}\{4\}$ results as a function of multiplicity ($N_{ch}$) in PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 2.76 TeV

  • Table 7

    Data from Figure 2 (top left)

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t7

    The symmetric cumulant $sc_{2\,4}\{4\}$ results as a function of multiplicity ($N_{ch}$) in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 13 TeV

  • Table 8

    Data from Figure 2 (top right)

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t8

    The symmetric cumulant $sc_{2\,4}\{4\}$ results as a function of multiplicity ($N_{ch}$) in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 13 TeV

  • Table 9

    Data from Figure 2 (middle left)

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t9

    The symmetric cumulant $sc_{2\,4}\{4\}$ results as a function of multiplicity ($N_{ch}$) in pPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV

  • Table 10

    Data from Figure 2 (middle right)

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t10

    The symmetric cumulant $sc_{2\,4}\{4\}$ results as a function of multiplicity ($N_{ch}$) in pPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV

  • Table 11

    Data from Figure 2 (bottom left)

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t11

    The symmetric cumulant $sc_{2\,4}\{4\}$ results as a function of multiplicity ($N_{ch}$) in PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 2.76 TeV

  • Table 12

    Data from Figure 2 (bottom right)

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t12

    The symmetric cumulant $sc_{2\,4}\{4\}$ results as a function of multiplicity ($N_{ch}$) in PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 2.76 TeV

  • Table 13

    Data from Figure 3 (top left)

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t13

    The asymmetric cumulant $ac_{2}\{3\}$ results as a function of multiplicity ($N_{ch}$) in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 13 TeV

  • Table 14

    Data from Figure 3 (top right)

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t14

    The asymmetric cumulant $ac_{2}\{3\}$results as a function of multiplicity ($N_{ch}$) in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 13 TeV

  • Table 15

    Data from Figure 3 (middle left)

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t15

    The asymmetric cumulant $ac_{2}\{3\}$results as a function of multiplicity ($N_{ch}$) in pPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV

  • Table 16

    Data from Figure 3 (middle right)

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t16

    The asymmetric cumulant $ac_{2}\{3\}$ results as a function of multiplicity ($N_{ch}$) in pPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV

  • Table 17

    Data from Figure 3 (bottom left)

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t17

    The asymmetric cumulant $ac_{2}\{3\}$ results as a function of multiplicity ($N_{ch}$) in PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 2.76 TeV

  • Table 18

    Data from Figure 3 (bottom right)

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t18

    The asymmetric cumulant $ac_{2}\{3\}$ results as a function of multiplicity ($N_{ch}$) in PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 2.76 TeV

  • Table 19

    Data from Figure 5 (top left)

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t19

    The normalized symmetric cumulant $nsc_{2\,3}\{4\}$ results as a function of multiplicity ($N_{ch}$) in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 13 TeV

  • Table 20

    Data from Figure 5 (top middle)

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t20

    The normalized symmetric cumulant $nsc_{2\,4}\{4\}$ results as a function of multiplicity ($N_{ch}$) in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 13 TeV

  • Table 21

    Data from Figure 5 (top right)

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t21

    The normalized asymmetric cumulant $nac_{2}\{3\}$ results as a function of multiplicity ($N_{ch}$) in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 13 TeV

  • Table 22

    Data from Figure 5 (bottom left)

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t22

    The normalized symmetric cumulant $nsc_{2\,3}\{4\}$ results as a function of multiplicity ($N_{ch}$) in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 13 TeV

  • Table 23

    Data from Figure 5 (bottom middle)

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t23

    The normalized symmetric cumulant $nsc_{2\,4}\{4\}$ results as a function of multiplicity ($N_{ch}$) in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 13 TeV

  • Table 24

    Data from Figure 5 (bottom right)

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t24

    The normalized asymmetric cumulant $nac_{2}\{3\}$ results as a function of multiplicity ($N_{ch}$) in pPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 13 TeV

  • Table 25

    Data from Figure 5 (top left)

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t25

    The normalized symmetric cumulant $nsc_{2\,3}\{4\}$ results as a function of multiplicity ($N_{ch}$) in pPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV

  • Table 26

    Data from Figure 5 (top middle)

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t26

    The normalized symmetric cumulant $nsc_{2\,4}\{4\}$ results as a function of multiplicity ($N_{ch}$) in pPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV

  • Table 27

    Data from Figure 5 (top right)

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t27

    The normalized asymmetric cumulant $nac_{2}\{3\}$ results as a function of multiplicity ($N_{ch}$) in pPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV

  • Table 28

    Data from Figure 5 (bottom left)

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t28

    The normalized symmetric cumulant $nsc_{2\,3}\{4\}$ results as a function of multiplicity ($N_{ch}$) in pPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV

  • Table 29

    Data from Figure 5 (bottom middle)

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t29

    The normalized symmetric cumulant $nsc_{2\,4}\{4\}$ results as a function of multiplicity ($N_{ch}$) in pPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV

  • Table 30

    Data from Figure 5 (bottom right)

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t30

    The normalized asymmetric cumulant $nac_{2}\{3\}$ results as a function of multiplicity ($N_{ch}$) in pPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV

  • Table 31

    Data from Figure 5 (top left)

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t31

    The normalized symmetric cumulant $nsc_{2\,3}\{4\}$ results as a function of multiplicity ($N_{ch}$) in PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 2.76 TeV

  • Table 32

    Data from Figure 5 (top middle)

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t32

    The normalized symmetric cumulant $nsc_{2\,4}\{4\}$ results as a function of multiplicity ($N_{ch}$) in PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 2.76 TeV

  • Table 33

    Data from Figure 5 (top right)

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t33

    The normalized asymmetric cumulant $nac_{2}\{3\}$ results as a function of multiplicity ($N_{ch}$) in PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 2.76 TeV

  • Table 34

    Data from Figure 5 (bottom left)

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t34

    The normalized symmetric cumulant $nsc_{2\,3}\{4\}$ results as a function of multiplicity ($N_{ch}$) in PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 2.76 TeV

  • Table 35

    Data from Figure 5 (bottom middle)

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t35

    The normalized symmetric cumulant $nsc_{2\,4}\{4\}$ results as a function of multiplicity ($N_{ch}$) in PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 2.76 TeV

  • Table 36

    Data from Figure 5 (bottom right)

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t36

    The normalized asymmetric cumulant $nac_{2}\{3\}$ results as a function of multiplicity ($N_{ch}$) in PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 2.76 TeV

  • Table 37

    Data from Figure 7 (top left)

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t37

    The $v_{2}\{2\}$ results as a function of multiplicity ($N_{ch}$) in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 13 TeV

  • Table 38

    Data from Figure 7 (top middle)

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t38

    The $v_{3}\{2\}$ results as a function of multiplicity ($N_{ch}$) in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 13 TeV

  • Table 39

    Data from Figure 7 (top right)

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t39

    The $v_{4}\{2\}$ results as a function of multiplicity ($N_{ch}$) in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 13 TeV

  • Table 40

    Data from Figure 7 (middle left)

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t40

    The $v_{2}\{2\}$ results as a function of multiplicity ($N_{ch}$) in pPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV

  • Table 41

    Data from Figure 7 (middle middle)

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t41

    The $v_{3}\{2\}$ results as a function of multiplicity ($N_{ch}$) in pPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV

  • Table 42

    Data from Figure 7 (middle right)

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t42

    The $v_{4}\{2\}$ results as a function of multiplicity ($N_{ch}$) in pPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV

  • Table 43

    Data from Figure 7 (bottom left)

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t43

    The $v_{2}\{2\}$ results as a function of multiplicity ($N_{ch}$) in PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 2.76 TeV

  • Table 44

    Data from Figure 7 (bottom middle)

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t44

    The $v_{3}\{2\}$ results as a function of multiplicity ($N_{ch}$) in PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 2.76 TeV

  • Table 45

    Data from Figure 7 (bottom right)

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t45

    The $v_{4}\{2\}$ results as a function of multiplicity ($N_{ch}$) in PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 2.76 TeV

  • Table 46

    Data similar to Figure 7 (top left) but for higher pT

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t46

    The $v_{2}\{2\}$ results as a function of multiplicity ($N_{ch}$) in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 13 TeV

  • Table 47

    Data similar to Figure 7 (top middle) but for higher pT

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t47

    The $v_{3}\{2\}$ results as a function of multiplicity ($N_{ch}$) in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 13 TeV

  • Table 48

    Data similar to Figure 7 (top right) but for higher pT

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t48

    The $v_{4}\{2\}$ results as a function of multiplicity ($N_{ch}$) in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 13 TeV

  • Table 49

    Data similar to Figure 7 (middle left) but for higher pT

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t49

    The $v_{2}\{2\}$ results as a function of multiplicity ($N_{ch}$) in pPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV

  • Table 50

    Data similar to Figure 7 (middle middle) but for higher pT

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t50

    The $v_{3}\{2\}$ results as a function of multiplicity ($N_{ch}$) in pPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV

  • Table 51

    Data similar to Figure 7 (middle right) but for higher pT

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t51

    The $v_{4}\{2\}$ results as a function of multiplicity ($N_{ch}$) in pPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV

  • Table 52

    Data similar to Figure 7 (bottom left) but for higher pT

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t52

    The $v_{2}\{2\}$ results as a function of multiplicity ($N_{ch}$) in PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 2.76 TeV

  • Table 53

    Data similar to Figure 7 (bottom middle) but for higher pT

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t53

    The $v_{3}\{2\}$ results as a function of multiplicity ($N_{ch}$) in PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 2.76 TeV

  • Table 54

    Data similar to Figure 7 (bottom right) but for higher pT

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t54

    The $v_{4}\{2\}$ results as a function of multiplicity ($N_{ch}$) in PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 2.76 TeV

  • Table 55

    Data from Figure 8 (left)

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t55

    The symmetric cumulant $ac_{2}\{3\}$ in Pb+Pb from different methods

  • Table 56

    Data from Figure 8 (right)

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t56

    The symmetric cumulant $ac_{2}\{3\}$ in Pb+Pb from different methods

  • Table 57

    Data from Figure 9 (left)

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t57

    The symmetric cumulant $ac_{2}\{3\}$ in p+Pb from different methods

  • Table 58

    Data from Figure 9 (right)

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t58

    The symmetric cumulant $ac_{2}\{3\}$ in p+Pb from different methods

  • Table 59

    Data from Figure 10 (left)

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t59

    The symmetric cumulant $ac_{2}\{3\}$ in pp from different methods

  • Table 60

    Data from Figure 10 (right)

    10.17182/hepdata.83969.v1/t60

    The symmetric cumulant $ac_{2}\{3\}$ in pp from different methods

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