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Proton-number fluctuations in sNN=2.4 GeV Au + Au collisions studied with the High-Acceptance DiElectron Spectrometer (HADES)

The collaboration
Phys.Rev.C 102 (2020) 024914, 2020.

Abstract
We present an analysis of proton number fluctuations in $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 2.4 GeV Au+Au collisions measured with the High-Acceptance DiElectron Spectrometer (HADES) at GSI. With the help of extensive detector simulations done with IQMD transport model events including nuclear clusters, various nuisance effects influencing the observed proton cumulants have been investigated. Acceptance and efficiency corrections have been applied as a function of fine grained rapidity and transverse momentum bins, as well as considering local track density dependencies. Next, the effects of volume changes within particular centrality selections have been considered and beyond-leading-order corrections have been applied to the data. The efficiency and volume corrected proton number moments and cumulants Kn of orders n = 1, . . . , 4 have been obtained as a function of centrality and phase-space bin, as well as the corresponding correlators C_n . We find that the observed correlators show a power-law scaling with the mean number of protons, i.e. $C_n \propto <N>^n$, indicative of mostly long-range multi-particle correlations in momentum space. We also present a comparison of our results with Au+Au collision data obtained at RHIC at similar centralities, but higher $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$.

• #### Figure 21b

Data from Figure 21b, located on page 20.

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$N_{part}$ distributions in Au+Au collisions for 8 centrality bins obtained from rescaled and modified $N_{hit}$ distributions (solid lines in Fig....

• #### Figure 22top

Data from Figure 22 (top), located on page 22.

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Efficiency and N2LO volume-corrected proton cumulant ratio $K_2/K_1$ plotted as a function of the rapidity acceptance

• #### Figure 22middle

Data from Figure 22 (middle), located on page 22.

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Efficiency and N2LO volume-corrected proton cumulant ratio $K_3/K_2$ plotted as a function of the rapidity acceptance

• #### Figure 22bottom

Data from Figure 22 (bottom), located on page 22.

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Efficiency and N2LO volume-corrected proton cumulant ratio $K_4/K_2$ plotted as a function of the rapidity acceptance

• #### Figure 25a

Data from Figure 25 (a), located on page 24.

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• #### Figure 25c

Data from Figure 25 (c), located on page 24.

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Efficiency and N2LO volume-corrected proton cumulant ratio $K_4/K_2$ plotted as a function of the mean number of participants  for...

• #### Figure 26a

Data from Figure 26 (a), located on page 25.

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Efficiency and N2LO volume-corrected proton cumulant $K_2$ plotted as a function of $\Delta y$

• #### Figure 26b

Data from Figure 26 (b), located on page 25.

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Efficiency and N2LO volume-corrected proton cumulant $K_3$ plotted as a function of $\Delta y$

• #### Figure 26c

Data from Figure 26 (c), located on page 25.

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Efficiency and N2LO volume-corrected proton cumulant $K_4$ plotted as a function of $\Delta y$

• #### Figure 26e

Data from Figure 26 (e), located on page 25.

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Efficiency and N2LO volume-corrected proton correlator $C_3$ plotted as a function of $\Delta y$

• #### Figure 26f

Data from Figure 26 (f), located on page 25.

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Efficiency and N2LO volume-corrected proton correlator $C_4$ plotted as a function of $\Delta y$

• #### Figure 27 top

Data from Figure 27 (top), located on page 26.

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Efficiency and N2LO volume-corrected proton correlator $C_2$ plotted as a function of maximum $p_t$

• #### Figure 27 middle

Data from Figure 27 (middle), located on page 26.

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Efficiency and N2LO volume-corrected proton correlator $C_3$ plotted as a function of maximum $p_t$

• #### Figure 27 bottom

Data from Figure 27 (bottom), located on page 26.

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Efficiency and N2LO volume-corrected proton correlator $C_4$ plotted as a function of maximum $p_t$

• #### Figure 28a

Data from Figure 28 (a), located on page 27.

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Efficiency and N2LO volume-corrected proton correlator $C_2$ plotted as a function of the mean number of protons.

• #### Figure 28b

Data from Figure 28 (b), located on page 27.

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Efficiency and N2LO volume-corrected proton correlator $C_3$ plotted as a function of the mean number of protons.

• #### Figure 28c

Data from Figure 28 (c), located on page 27.

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Efficiency and N2LO volume-corrected proton correlator $C_4$ plotted as a function of the mean number of protons.

• #### Figure 29 left

Data from Figure 29, located on page 28.

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Efficiency and N2LO volume-corrected proton cumulant ratio $K_3/K_2$ plotted as a function of the center-of-mass energy for two centrality bins...

• #### Figure 29 right

Data from Figure 29, located on page 28.

10.17182/hepdata.96305.v1/t20

Efficiency and N2LO volume-corrected proton cumulant ratio $K_4/K_2$ plotted as a function of the center-of-mass energy for two centrality bins...