Search for light long-lived particles decaying to displaced jets in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13.6 TeV

The CMS collaboration
Rept.Prog.Phys. 88 (2025) 037801, 2025.

Abstract (data abstract)
A search for light long-lived particles decaying to displaced jets is presented, using a data sample of proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of $13.6~\mathrm{TeV}$, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $34.7~\mathrm{fb^{-1}}$, collected with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC in 2022. Novel trigger, reconstruction, and machine-learning techniques were developed for and employed in this search. After all selections, the observations are consistent with the background predictions. Limits are presented on the branching fraction of the Higgs boson to long-lived particles that subsequently decay to quark pairs or tau lepton pairs. Up to a factor of 10 improvement is achieved over previous limits for models with long-lived particle masses smaller than $60~\mathrm{GeV}$ and proper decay lengths smaller than $1~\mathrm{m}$. The first constraints are placed on the fraternal twin Higgs and folded supersymmetry models, where the lower bounds on the top quark partner mass reach up to $350~\mathrm{GeV}$ for the fraternal twin Higgs model and $250~\mathrm{GeV}$ for the folded supersymmetry model.

  • Figure 3

    Data from Figure 3

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    The predicted background yields and the number of observed events for the data with $g_{\mathrm{prompt-veto}}>0.985$, shown for different bins of...

  • Figure 4a

    Data from Figure 4, upper left

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    The 95% CL upper limits on the branching fraction $\mathcal{B}(\mathrm{H \to SS})$ with $\mathrm{S \to b\overline{b}}$ deacy, for different LLP...

  • Figure 4b

    Data from Figure 4, upper right

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    The 95% CL upper limits on the branching fraction $\mathcal{B}(\mathrm{H \to SS})$ with $\mathrm{S \to d\overline{d}}$ decay, for different LLP...

  • Figure 4c

    Data from Figure 4, lower

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    The 95% CL upper limits on the branching fraction $\mathcal{B}(\mathrm{H \to SS})$ with $\mathrm{S}\to\tau\tau$ decay, for different LLP masses $m_{\mathrm{S}}$...

  • Figure 6a

    Data from Figure 6 (left)

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    The 95% CL limits on the LLP mass $m_{\mathrm{S}}$ for different proper decay lengths $c\tau_{0}$ assuming a branching fraction of...

  • Figure 6b

    Data from Figure 6 (right)

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    The 95% CL limits on the LLP mass $m_{\mathrm{S}}$ for different proper decay lengths $c\tau_{0}$ assuming a branching fraction of...

  • Figure 7a

    Data from Figure 7 (left)

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    The 95% CL limits on the dark-sector top quark partner mass $m_{T}$ for different hidden glueball masses $m_{0}$ in the...

  • Figure 7b

    Data from Figure 7 (right)

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    The 95% CL limits on the dark-sector top quark partner mass $m_{T}$ for different hidden glueball masses $m_{0}$ in the...

  • Additional Figure 5

    Data from Additional Figure 5

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    The 95% CL upper limits on $\sigma(\mathrm{pp}\to\mathrm{Z}')\mathcal{B}(\mathrm{Z}'\to\mathrm{Q_{dark}\overline{Q}_{dark}})$ when the dark pion mass $m_{\pi_{\mathrm{dark}}}$ is $20~\mathrm{GeV}$. For the dark sector parton...

  • Additional Figure 8

    Data from Additional Figure 8

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    The 95% CL upper limits on $\sigma(\mathrm{pp}\to\mathrm{Z}')\mathcal{B}(\mathrm{Z}'\to\mathrm{Q_{dark}\overline{Q}_{dark}})$ when the dark pion mass $m_{\pi_{\mathrm{dark}}}$ is $15~\mathrm{GeV}$. For the dark sector parton...

  • Additional Figure 11

    Data from Additional Figure 11

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    The 95% CL upper limits on $\sigma(\mathrm{pp}\to\mathrm{Z}')\mathcal{B}(\mathrm{Z}'\to\mathrm{Q_{dark}\overline{Q}_{dark}})$ when the dark pion mass $m_{\pi_{\mathrm{dark}}}$ is $10~\mathrm{GeV}$. For the dark sector parton...

  • Additional Figure 12

    Data from Additional Figure 12

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    The 95% CL upper limits on the branching fraction for the $125~\mathrm{GeV}$ Higgs boson to decay to a pair of...

  • Additional Figure 13

    Data from Additional Figure 13

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    The 95% CL upper limits on the branching fraction for the $125~\mathrm{GeV}$ Higgs boson to decay to a pair of...

  • Additional Figure 14

    Data from Additional Figure 15

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    The 95% CL upper limits on the branching fraction for the $125~\mathrm{GeV}$ Higgs boson to decay to a pair of...

  • Additional Figure 15

    Example location

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    The 95% CL upper limits on the branching fraction for the $125~\mathrm{GeV}$ Higgs boson to decay to a pair of...

  • Additional Figure 16

    Data from Additional Figure 16

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    The 95% CL upper limits on the branching fraction for the $125~\mathrm{GeV}$ Higgs boson to decay to a pair of...

  • Additional Figure 17

    Data from Additioanl Figure 17

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    The 95% CL upper limits on the branching fraction for the $125~\mathrm{GeV}$ Higgs boson to decay to a pair of...

  • Additional Figure 18

    Data from Additional Figure 18

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    The 95% CL upper limits on the branching fraction for the $125~\mathrm{GeV}$ Higgs boson to decay to a pair of...

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