In explosive stellar hydrogen burning, the hot CNO cycles and the rp-process are mainly linked by the reaction sequence 15 O(α, γ) 19 Ne(p,γ) 20 Na. Using intense 19 Ne radioactive beams, both the 19 Ne(p,γ) and the 19 Ne(d,n) reaction have been studied. Upper and lower limits for the 19 Ne(p,γ) reaction rate have been deduced, allowing to conclude that the 15 O(α,γ) reaction is most likely the bottleneck reaction.
Two target were used: polyethylene foil (C=CH2) and static gas cell (C=H2).Two different detection set-ups have been designed: the Solid State Nuclear Tra ck Detector (C=SSNTD) method and the Solenoid and Telescope (C=STAR) method.
Using data recorded by the CLEO II detector at the Cornell Electron Storage Ring, we report the first observation of an excited charmed baryon decaying into Ξc0π+. The state has mass difference M(Ξc0π+)−M(Ξc0) of 174.3±0.5±1.0MeV/c2, and a width of <3.1MeV/c2 (90% confidence level limit). We identify the new state as the Ξc*+, the isospin partner of the recently discovered Ξc*0.
CONST(NAME=EPS) is the parameter of the Peterson fragmentation function (C.Peterson et al., PR D27, 105 (1983)) D(N)/D(X) = FD(X) = const * (1/X)*1/(1- (1/X)-CONST(NAME=EPS)/(1-X))**2. Charged conjugate states are undestood.
We have studied hadronic events produced at LEP at centre-of-mass energies of 130 and 136 GeV. Distributions of event shape observables, jet rates, momentum spectra and multiplicities are presented and compared to the predictions of several Monte Carlo models and analytic QCD calculations. From fits of event shape and jet rate distributions to\({\mathcal{O}}(\alpha _s^2 ) + NLLA\) QCD calculations, we determineαs(133 GeV)=0.110±0.005(stat.)±0.009(syst.). We measure the mean charged particle multiplicity 〈nch〉=23.40±0.45(stat.) ±0.47(syst.) and the position ζ0 of the peak in the ζp = ln(1/xp) distribution ζ0=3.94±0.05(stat.)±0.11(syst.). These results are compared to lower energy data and to analytic QCD or Monte Carlo predictions for their energy evolution.
Determination of alpha_s.
Multiplicity and high moments.
Tmajor distribution.
A measurement of theτ lepton polarization and its forward-backward asymmetry at the Z0 resonance using the OPAL detector is described. The measurement is based on analyses of τ→ρντ, ττπ(K)ντ,\(\tau\to e\bar \nu _e \nu _\tau\),\(\tau\to \mu \bar \nu _\mu\nu _\tau\) andτ→a1ντ decays from a sample of 89075 e+e−→τ+τ− candidates corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 117 pb−1. Assuming that theτ lepton decays according to V-A theory, we measure the averageτ polarization at √s=MZ to be 〈P〉=(−13.0±0.9±0.9)% and theτ polarization forward-backward asymmetry to be ApolFB=(−9.4±1.0±0.4)%, where the first error is statistical and the second systematic. These results are consistent with the hypothesis of lepton universality and, when combined, can be expressed as a measurement of sin2θefflept=0.2334±0.0012 within the context of the Standard Model.
No description provided.
The differential cross-sections for e + e − → e + e − , e + e − → μ + μ − and e + e − → τ + τ − , and the total cross-section for e + e − → qq̄ at centre-of-mass energies of 130–140 GeV were studied using about 5 pb −1 of data collected with the OPAL detector at LEP in October and November 1995. The results are in agreement with the Standard Model predictions. Four-fermion contact interaction models were fitted to the data and lower limits were obtained on the energy scale Λ at the 95% confidence level.
No description provided.
No description provided.
No description provided.
The production rates of the $J_{P}={1⩈er 2}^{+}$ octet Σ baryons in hadronic Z0 decays have been measured using the OPAL detector at LEP. The inclusive production rates per hadronic Z0 decay of the three isospin states (including the respective antiparticle) have been separately measured for the first time: $άtrix {n_{Sigma^{+}}=0.099pm 0.008pm 0.013ŗ n_{Sigma^{0}}=0.071pm 0.012pm 0.013ŗ n_{Sigma^{-}}=0.083pm 0.006pm 0.009ŗ}$ where the first error is statistical and the second is systematic. Differential cross-sections are also presented for the Σ+ and Σ− and compared with JETSET and HERWIG predictions. Assuming full isospin symmetry, the average inclusive rate is: ${1⩈er 3}[n_{Sigma^{+}+Sigma^{0}+Sigma^{-}}]=0.084pm 0.005 ({⤪ stat.}) pm 0.008 ({⤪ syst.})$.
Differential cross section for SIGMA+ production.
Differential cross section for SIGMA- production.
No description provided.
The production of the $J^{P}={1⩈er 2}^{+}$ octet baryons Λ and Ξ−, the $J^{P}={3⩈er 2}^{+}$ decuplet baryons Σ(1385)±Ξ(1530)0, and Ω−, and the $J^{P}={3⩈er 2}^{-}$ orbitally excited state Λ(1520) has been measured in a sample of approximately 3.65 million hadronic Z0 decays. The integrated rates and the differential cross-sections as a function of xE, the scaled energy, are determined. The differential cross-sections of the Λ and Ξ− baryons are found to be softer than those predicted by both the JETSET and HERWIG Monte Carlo generators. The measured baryon yields are found to disagree with the simple diquark picture where only one tuning parameter for spin 1 diquarks is allowed. The yields are further compared with a thermodynamic model of hadron production which includes the production of orbitally excited mesons and baryons. The momentum spectra of Λ, Ξ−, Σ(1385)±Ξ(1530)0, and Λ(1520) are also compared to the predictions of an analytical QCD formula.
Differential cross section for LAMBDA production.
(1/LN(X)) distribution for LAMBDA production.
Differential cross section for XI- production.
A measurement of the charm and bottom forward-backward asymmetry in e+e− annihilations is presented at energies on and around the peak of the Z0 resonance. Decays of the Z0 into charm and bottom quarks are tagged using D mesons identified in about 4 million hadronic decays of the Z0 boson recorded with the OPAL detector at LEP between 1990 and 1995. Approximately 33000 D mesons are tagged in seven different decay modes. From these the charm and bottom asymmetries are measured in three energy ranges around the Z0 peak: \(\matrix {A_{\rm FB}^{\rm c}=0.039\pm 0.051\pm 0.009\cr A_{\rm FB}^{\rm c}=0.063\pm 0.012\pm 0.006\cr A_{\rm FB}^{\rm c}=0.158\pm 0.041\pm 0.011}\)\(\matrix {A_{\rm FB}^{\rm b}=0.086\pm 0.108\pm 0.029\cr A_{\rm FB}^{\rm b}=0.094\pm 0.027\pm 0.022\cr A_{\rm FB}^{\rm b}=0.021\pm 0.090\pm 0.026}\)\(\matrix{\langle E_{cm}\rangle =89.45\ {\rm GeV}\cr \langle E_{cm}\rangle =91.22\ {\rm GeV}\cr \langle E_{cm}\rangle =93.00\ {\rm GeV}}\) The results are in agreement with the predictions of the standard model and other measurements at LEP.
Forward-backward asymmetry.
No description provided.
Measurements of polarized-neutron–polarized−3He scattering are reported. The target consisted of cryogenically polarized solid He3, with thickness 0.04 atom/b and polarization ∼0.4. Polarized neutrons were produced via the H3(p→,n→)3He or H2(d→,n→)3He polarization-transfer reactions. The longitudinal and transverse total cross-section differences ΔσL and ΔσT were measured for incident neutron energies 2–8 MeV. The results are compared to phase-shift predictions based on four different analyses of n−3He scattering. The best agreement is obtained with a recent R-matrix analysis of A=4 scattering and reaction data, lending strong support to the He4 level scheme obtained in that analysis. Discrepancies with other phase-shift parametrizations of n−3He scattering exist, attributable in most instances to one or two particular partial waves. © 1996 The American Physical Society.
SIG(C=L-...) and SIG(C=T-...) correspond to longitudinal and transverse polarization, respectively.
Gluon jets with about 39 GeV energy are identified in hadronic Z 0 decays by tagging two jets in the same hemisphere of an event as quark jets. Identifying the gluon jet to be all the particles observed in the hemisphere opposite to that containing the two tagged jets yields an inclusive gluon jet definition corresponding to that used in analytic calculations, allowing the first direct test of those calculations. In particular, this jet definition yields results which are only weakly dependent on a jet finding algorithm. We find r ch. =1.552±0.0041 ( stat ) ±0.061 ( syst. ) for the ratio of the mean charged particle multiplicity in gluon jets to that in light quark uds jets, where the uds jets are identified using an inclusive jet definition similar to that used for the gluon jets. Our result is in general agreement with the prediction of a recent analytic calculation which incorporates energy conservation into the parton shower branching processes, but is considerably smaller than analytic predictions which do not incorporate energy conservation.
Mean charged particle multiplicity in gluon jets.
Mean charged particle multiplicity in single hemisphere light quark jets.
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