We measured the polarization parameter P in neutron-proton elastic scattering near the backward direction, using a polarized proton target. Measurements covered the range of incident neutron momenta from 1.0 to 5.5 GeV/ c and of four-momentum transfer squared u from −0.005 to −0.5 (GeV/ c ) 2 .
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The np and nd total cross sections have been measured directly with a neutron beam with momenta of 4.0 ± 0.6 and 5.7 ± 0.6 GeV/ c . The data are compared with the previous nucleon-nucleon and nucleon-deuteron results, and the deuteron screening term was also evaluated. The measured total cross section are 43.1 ± 0.6 and 80.3 ± 1.9 mb at 4.0 GeV/ c and 42 ± 0.6 and 77.8 ± 1.3 mb at 5.7 GeV/ c .
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The reaction γ⊥,∥p→π+n has been studied with linearly polarized photons of energy 3.0 GeV at −t values between 0.15 and 1.2 (GeVc)2. The asymmetry A+=(dσ⊥−dσ∥)(dσ⊥+dσ∥) is found to be positive throughout this four-momentum-transfer range, implying the dominance of natural parity exchange in the t channel. Comparison of dσ⊥(γ⊥p→π+n) and dσ⊥p→π−p) from a previous experiment indicates strong interference between the isoscalar and isovector photon amplitudes for photons polarized perpendicular to the production plane.
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The asymmetry A=(dσ⊥−dσ∥)(dσ⊥+dσ∥) of the differential cross section for the reaction γd→π−pp has been studied with linearly polarized photons of 3.0 GeV at squared four-momentum-transfers between 0.15 and 2.0 (GeV/c)2. The asymmetry was found to be positive at −t values below 0.3 (GeV/c)2, dipping to negative values between 0.4 and 0.6 (GeV/c)2, and then rising again to positive values above 0.7 (GeV/c)2.
Axis error includes +- 11/11 contribution.
The ratio of π− to π+ off deuterium was measured as a function of incident photon energy from 600 to 1700 MeV in the forward direction. The ratio shows a broad dip around a center-of-mass energy of 1700 MeV, resulting presumably from the collective effect of several isospin-½ resonances in this energy region. Such a change in the ratio is reflected in the rapid variation of the isoscalar photoproduction amplitude since we found the isovector photoproduction amplitude to be a relatively smooth function decreasing slowly with increasing incident photon energy.
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Electron-proton elastic scattering cross sections have been measured at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center at four-momentum transfers squared (q 2 ) of 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5and 3.75 (GeV/ c ) 2 . The angular distributions at q 2 = 2.5 and 3.75 (GeV/ c ) 2 are sufficient to provide values of the ratio G E / G M independent of the results from other laboratories. Our results are compatible with scaling, G E (q 2 ) = G M (q 2 )/ μ , within the experimental errors.
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Cross sections for inelastic scattering of electrons from hydrogen were measured for incident energies from 7 to 17 GeV at scattering angles of 6° to 10° covering a range of squared four-momentum transfers up to 7.4 (GeV/c)2. For low center-of-mass energies of the final hadronic system the cross section shows prominent resonances at low momentum transfer and diminishes markedly at higher momentum transfer. For high excitations the cross section shows only a weak momentum-transfer dependence.
Axis error includes +- 0.0/0.0 contribution (?////FROM UNCERTAINTY IN ELECTRON-DETECTION EFFICIENCY).
Axis error includes +- 0.0/0.0 contribution (?////FROM UNCERTAINTY IN ELECTRON-DETECTION EFFICIENCY).
Axis error includes +- 0.0/0.0 contribution (?////FROM UNCERTAINTY IN ELECTRON-DETECTION EFFICIENCY).
Cross sections for the reactions γp→K+Λ and γp→K+Σ0 have been measured at squared four-momentum transfer (−t) from 0.005 to 2 GeV2, at photon energies 5, 8, 11, and 16 GeV. For −t>0.2 GeV2 each of the K+ cross sections is about ⅓ of the π+n photoproduction cross section, having nearly the same energy and momentum-transfer dependence. The K+ cross sections fall off at small |t|, however, in contrast to the sharp forward spike seen in π+n; this leads to a disagreement with an SU(3) prediction for −t<0.1 GeV2. The ratio of K+Σ0 to K+Λ cross sections is typically between 0.5 and 1.0.
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