Evolution of a spallation reaction: experiment and Monte Carlo simulation

Enke, M. ; Herbach, C.M. ; Hilscher, D. ; et al.
Nucl.Phys.A 657 (1999) 317-339, 1999.
Inspire Record 1389773 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.36170

Reaction cross sections and production cross sections for neutrons, hydrogen, and helium have been measured for 1.2, 1.8 GeV p+Fe, Ni, Ag, Ta, W, Au, Pb and U and are compared with different intra-nuclear-cascade- combined with evaporation-models. Agreement for neutrons and considerable differences for light charged particles are observed between experiment and calculation as well as between different models. The discrepancies are associated with specific deficiencies in the models. The exclusive data measured with two 4π-detectors for neutron and charged particle detection allowed furthermore a systematic comparison of observables characteristic of different stages of the temporal evolution of a spallation reaction: inelastic collision probability, excitation energy distribution, pre-equilibrium emission, and inclusive production cross sections.

5 data tables

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Composite particle production in relativistic Au + Pt, Si + Pt, and p + Pt collisions

The E886 collaboration Saito, N. ; Bassalleck, B. ; Burger, T. ; et al.
Phys.Rev.C 49 (1994) 3211-3218, 1994.
Inspire Record 383739 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.25998

Recently, highly relativistic Au beams have become available at the Brookhaven National Laboratory, Alternating Gradient Synchrotron. Inclusive production cross sections for composite particles, d, t, He3, and He4, in 11.5A GeV/c Au+Pt collisions have been measured using a beam line spectrometer. For comparison, composite particle production was also measured in Si+Pt and p+Pt collisions at similar beam momenta per nucleon (14.6A GeV/c and 12.9 GeV/c, respectively). The projectile dependence of the production cross section for each composite particle has been fitted to Aprojα. The parameter α can be described by a single function of the mass number and the momentum per nucleon of the produced particle. Additionally, the data are well described by momentum-space coalescence. Comparisons with similar analysis of Bevalac A+A data are made. The coalescence radii extracted from momentum-space coalescence fits are used to determine reaction volumes (‘‘source size’’) within the context of the Sato-Yazaki model.

3 data tables

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He-3 and He-4 production by 800-MeV protons from C-12, Ti, and Pb at forward angles

Barlow, D.B. ; Nefkens, B.M.K. ; Pillai, C. ; et al.
Phys.Rev.C 45 (1992) 293-298, 1992.
Inspire Record 337057 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.26108

The doubly differential cross section for the production of He3 and He4 by 800 MeV protons from C12, Ti, and Pb has been measured at laboratory angles of 6° and 15°. The momentum of the detected helium nuclei varied from 1 to 2 GeV/c, the maximum being well above the incident proton momentum of 1.46 GeV/c. The cross sections were found to increase with increasing target mass and decrease with increasing momentum and scattering angle. In our momentum region, the He3 production cross section is 1.5–10 times larger than He4 depending on the target and the momentum. The data are consistent with the hypothesis that the dominant reaction mechanism is a direct process where the initial nucleon-nucleon scattering is followed by a sequential pickup of neutrons.

8 data tables

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Inelastic Interaction of High-Energy Particles with Light Nuclei and Cluster Structure of Nuclei

Avdeichikov, V.V ; Bogatin, V.I. ; Lozhkin, O.V. ;
Yad.Fiz. 25 (1977) 3-15, 1977.
Inspire Record 123727 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.18296

None

8 data tables

ANGLE ER.D(OMEGA) = 1.990000000 MSR.

ANGLE ER.D(OMEGA) = 1.990000000 MSR.

ANGLE ER.D(OMEGA) = 1.990000000 MSR.

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Production of Pions and Light Fragments at Large Angles in High-Energy Nuclear Collisions

Nagamiya, S. ; Lemaire, M.C. ; Moller, E. ; et al.
Phys.Rev.C 24 (1981) 971-1009, 1981.
Inspire Record 169971 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.26341

Inclusive cross sections for production of π+, π−, p, d, H3, He3, and He4 have been measured at laboratory angles from 10° to 145° in nuclear collisions of Ne + Naf, Ne + Cu, and Ne + Pb at 400 MeV/nucleon, C + C, C + Pb, Ne + NaF, Ne + Cu, Ne + Pb, Ar + KCl, and Ar + Pb at 800 MeV/nucleon, and Ne + NaF and Ne + Pb at 2.1 GeV/nucleon. The production of light fragments in proton induced collisions at beam energies of 800 MeV and 2.1 GeV has also been measured in order to allow us to compare these processes. For equal-mass nuclear collisions the total integrated yields of nuclear charges are well explained by a simple participant-spectator model. For 800 MeV/nucleon beams the energy spectra of protons at c.m. 90° are characterized by a "shoulder-arm" type of spectrum shape with an exponential falloff at high energies, whereas those of pions are of a simple exponential type. The inverse of the exponential slope, E0, for protons is systematically larger than that for pions. This value of E0 is larger for heavier-mass projectiles and targets. It also increases monotonically with the beam energy. The angular anisotropy of protons is larger than that of pions. The yield ratio of π− to total nuclear charge goes up with the beam energy, whereas the yields of composite fragments decrease. The ratio of low-energy π− to π+, as well as that of H3 to He3, is larger than the neutron to proton ratio of the system. The spectrum shape of the composite fragments with mass number A is explained very well by the Ath power of the observed proton spectra. The sizes of the interaction region are evaluated from the observed coalescence coefficients. The radius obtained is typically 3-4 fm. The yield ratio of composite fragments to protons strongly depends on the projectile and target masses and the beam energy, but not on the emission angle of the fragments. These results are compared with currently available theoretical models. NUCLEAR REACTIONS Ne + NaF, Ne + Cu, Ne + Pb, EA=400 MeV/nucleon; C + C, C + Pb, Ne + NaF, Ne + Cu, Ne + Pb, Ar + KCl, Ar + Pb, EA=800 MeV/nucleon; Ne + NaF, Ne + Pb, EA=2100 MeV/nucleon; p + C, p+ NaF, p + KCl, p + Cu, p + Pb, E=800 MeV; p + C, p + NaF, p + KCl, p + Cu, p + Pb, E=2100 MeV; measured σ(p,θ) for π+, π−, p, d, H3, He3, and He4.

5 data tables

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