Cross sections or upper limits are reported for 12 meson-baryon and two baryon-baryon reactions for an incident momentum of 9.9 GeV/c, near 90° c.m.: π±p→pπ±,pp±,π+°±,K+Σ±, (Λ0/Σ0)K0; K±p→pK±; p±p→pp. By studying the flavor dependence of the different reactions, we have been able to isolate the quark-interchange mechanism as dominant over gluon exchange and quark-antiquark annihilation.
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The elastic scattering of 3.55 GeV/ c π + and π − mesons by protons was measured at centre-of-mass angles between 165° and 177°. The angular distributions for 864 events show a steeply rising backward peak for π + p, while the shape is less clear for π − p.
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Extrapolations.
Backward elastic scattering has been measured for π + p at 2.85 and 3.30 GeV/ c and for π − p at 3.30 GeV/ c . The π + p angular distributions show steep backward peaks, whereas the π − p distribution is flatter. At 2.85 GeV/ c the π + p differential cross section close to 180° is more than twice that at 3.30 GeV/ c , supporting the assignment J P = 11 2 + for Δ δ (2420) resonance. The π + p data at 2.85 GeV/ c indicate the onset of a dip at cos θ c.m. ≈ −0.97.
The data for cos(theta) = 1 is the extrapolation.
The data for cos(theta) = 1 and U = 0 are the extrapolations.
The data for cos(theta) = 1 and U = 0 are the extrapolations.
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A beam of ∼200-Mev π+ mesons was defined inside the vacuum chamber of the Nevis Cyclotron. Nuclear emulsions were exposed to a flux of about 104 mesons/cm2. The plates were scanned for pion-hydrogen scatterings and 103 such events were observed in two interaction energies, 151±7 Mev and 188±8 Mev. We obtain total cross sections of 152±31 and 159±34×10−27 cm2, respectively. The data suggest that the angular distribution changes from backwards peaked to almost symmetric over this energy interval. Our observations are not in agreement with the hypothesis of a P32-wave resonance in this energy region. The best fit to the combined results includes a D-wave contribution of -5.4°, although satisfactory agreement may be obtained with only S and P waves.
Axis error includes +- 0.0/0.0 contribution (?////Due to flux, scanning efficiency, doubtful and background events, and thesmall uncertainty in the density of hydrogen in the emulsion).
Axis error includes +- 0.0/0.0 contribution (?////Due to flux, scanning efficiency, doubtful and background events, and thesmall uncertainty in the density of hydrogen in the emulsion).
Absolute π±p elastic scattering differential cross sections have been measured at five incident pion energies between 87 and 139 MeV. An active target of scintillator material (CH1.1) was used to detect recoil protons in coincidence with scattered pions. Pions were detected at forward angles between 27 and 98°c.m. where the low-energy recoil protons stop in the target. The cross sections, typically 5–10% lower than phase shift predictions for π+p and 10–20% lower for the π−p cross sections, are consistent with earlier measurements by this group.
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New high-statistics measurements of π + p elastic scattering differential cross sections are presented at 30 momentum points between 1.282 and 2.472 GeV/ c , covering most of the angular distribution outside the forward diffractive peak. These data show significant disagreements at some momenta with previous high-statistics experiments and with current partial wave analyses.
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The differential cross section for π + p elastic scattering at 895, 945, 995 and 1040 MeV/ c has been measured in a hydrogen bubble chamber. The results are in good agreement with previous measurements using counter techniques except at extreme backward angles where significantly lower cross sections are obtained.
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We have measured differential cross sections for both π+p and π−p elastic scattering at incident-pion kinetic energies of 30, 50, 70, and 90 MeV in the center-of-mass angular range between 50° and 150°. The experiment detected pions scattered from a liquid-hydrogen target with multiwire proportional chambers and scintillation-counter range telescopes. The relative accuracy of each angular distribution is better than 5%, while the absolute cross sections have uncertainties of 4% to 25%. Our results for the absolute cross section for π+p scattering at 30 and 90 MeV are inconsistent with previous measurements. Our π−p measurements comprise the first extensive set of precision differential cross sections below 90 MeV.
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The Fermilab hybrid 30-in. bubble-chamber spectrometer was exposed to a tagged 147-GeV/c positive beam containing π+, K+, and p. A sample of 3003 K+p, 19410 pp, and 20745 π+p interactions is used to derive σn, 〈n〉, f2cc, and 〈nc〉D for each beam particle. These values are compared to values obtained at other, mostly lower, beam momenta. The overall dependence of 〈n〉 on Ea, the available center-of-mass energy, for these three reactions as well as π−p and pp interactions has been determined.
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