Observation of the $\Upsilon$(3S) meson and suppression of $\Upsilon$ states in PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV

The CMS collaboration Tumasyan, Armen ; Adam, Wolfgang ; Andrejkovic, Janik Walter ; et al.
CMS-HIN-21-007, 2023.
Inspire Record 2648528 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.130959

The production of $\Upsilon$(2S) and $\Upsilon$(3S) mesons in lead-lead (PbPb) and proton-proton (pp) collisions is studied in their dimuon decay channel using the CMS detector at the LHC. The $\Upsilon$(3S) meson is observed for the first time in PbPb collisions, with a significance above five standard deviations. The ratios of yields measured in PbPb and pp collisions are reported for both the $\Upsilon$(2S) and $\Upsilon$(3S) mesons, as functions of transverse momentum and PbPb collision centrality. These ratios, when appropriately scaled, are significantly less than unity, indicating a suppression of $\Upsilon$ yields in PbPb collisions. This suppression increases from peripheral to central PbPb collisions. Furthermore, the suppression is stronger for $\Upsilon$(3S) mesons compared to $\Upsilon$(2S) mesons, extending the pattern of sequential suppression of quarkonium states in nuclear collisions previously seen for the $\psi$/J, $\psi$(2S), $\Upsilon$(1S), and $\Upsilon$(2S) mesons.

9 data tables

Measured $R_\text{AA}$ for the $\Upsilon(2S)$ state as functions of PbPb collision centrality, integrated over the full kinematic range $p_\text{T}$ < 30 GeV/c and |y| < 2.4. The global uncertainty "PP MB" represents the pp luminosity and PbPb $N_\text{MB}$ combined uncertainties, whereas the global uncertainty "PP 2S" corresponds to the uncertainty on the $\Upsilon(2S)$ pp yields.

Measured $R_\text{AA}$ for the $\Upsilon(3S)$ state as functions of PbPb collision centrality, integrated over the full kinematic range $p_\text{T}$ < 30 GeV/c and |y| < 2.4. The global uncertainty "PP MB" represents the pp luminosity and PbPb $N_\text{MB}$ combined uncertainties, whereas the global uncertainty "PP 3S" corresponds to the uncertainty on the $\Upsilon(3S)$ pp yields.

Measured $R_\text{AA}$ for the$\Upsilon(2S)$ state in the 0–90% centrality interval, integrated over the full kinematic range $p_\text{T}$ < 30 GeV/c and |y| < 2.4. The global uncertainty "PP MB" represents the pp luminosity and PbPb $N_\text{MB}$ combined uncertainties, whereas the global uncertainty "PP 2S" corresponds to the uncertainty on the $\Upsilon(2S)$ pp yields.

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Investigation into the event-activity dependence of $\Upsilon$(nS) relative production in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} = $ 7 TeV

The CMS collaboration Sirunyan, Albert M ; Tumasyan, Armen ; Adam, Wolfgang ; et al.
JHEP 11 (2020) 001, 2020.
Inspire Record 1805867 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.95684

The ratios of the production cross sections between the excited $\Upsilon$(2S) and $\Upsilon$(3S) mesons and the $\Upsilon$(1S) ground state, detected via their decay into two muons, are studied as a function of the number of charged particles in the event. The data are from proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} =$ 7 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.8 fb$^{-1}$, collected with the CMS detector at the LHC. Evidence of a decrease in these ratios as a function of the particle multiplicity is observed, more pronounced at low transverse momentum $p_\mathrm{T}^{\mu\mu}$. For $\Upsilon$(nS) mesons with $p_\mathrm{T}^{\mu\mu}$ $\gt$ 7 GeV, where most of the data were collected, the correlation with multiplicity is studied as a function of the underlying event transverse sphericity and the number of particles in a cone around the $\Upsilon$(nS) direction. The ratios are found to be multiplicity independent for jet-like events. The mean $p_\mathrm{T}^{\mu\mu}$ values for the $\Upsilon$(nS) states as a function of particle multiplicity are also measured and found to grow more steeply as their mass increases.

30 data tables

The measured ratios $\Upsilon(2$S$)\,/\,\Upsilon(1$S$)$ and $\Upsilon(3$S$)\,/\,\Upsilon(1$S$)$ with $p_T(\Upsilon(n$S$))>7\,GeV$ and $|y(\Upsilon(n$S$))| < 1.2$, as a function of track multiplicity $N_{track}$

The measured ratios $\Upsilon(2$S$)\,/\,\Upsilon(1$S$)$ and $\Upsilon(3$S$)\,/\,\Upsilon(1$S$)$ with $p_T(\Upsilon(n$S$))>0\,GeV$ and $|y(\Upsilon(n$S$))| < 1.93$, as a function of track multiplicity $N_{track}$.

Mean $p_T$ values of the $\Upsilon(1$S$)$, $\Upsilon(2$S$)$, and $\Upsilon(3S)$ states with $p_T\,>\,7\,GeV$ and $|y|\,<\,1.2$ as a function of track multiplicity $N_{track}$

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Suppression of Upsilon Production in d+Au and Au+Au Collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 200 GeV

The STAR collaboration Adamczyk, L. ; Adkins, J.K. ; Agakishiev, G. ; et al.
Phys.Lett.B 735 (2014) 127-137, 2014.
Inspire Record 1269346 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.102940

We report measurements of Upsilon meson production in p+p, d+Au, and Au+Au collisions using the STAR detector at RHIC. We compare the Upsilon yield to the measured cross section in p+p collisions in order to quantify any modifications of the yield in cold nuclear matter using d+Au data and in hot nuclear matter using Au+Au data separated into three centrality classes. Our p+p measurement is based on three times the statistics of our previous result. We obtain a nuclear modification factor for Upsilon(1S+2S+3S) in the rapidity range |y|<1 in d+Au collisions of R_dAu = 0.79 +/- 0.24 (stat.) +/- 0.03 (sys.) +/- 0.10 (pp sys.). A comparison with models including shadowing and initial state parton energy loss indicates the presence of additional cold-nuclear matter suppression. Similarly, in the top 10% most-central Au+Au collisions, we measure a nuclear modification factor of R_AA=0.49 +/- 0.1 (stat.) +/- 0.02 (sys.) +/- 0.06 (pp sys.), which is a larger suppression factor than that seen in cold nuclear matter. Our results are consistent with complete suppression of excited-state Upsilon mesons in Au+Au collisions. The additional suppression in Au+Au is consistent with the level expected in model calculations that include the presence of a hot, deconfined Quark-Gluon Plasma. However, understanding the suppression seen in d+Au is still needed before any definitive statements about the nature of the suppression in Au+Au can be made.

14 data tables

Invariant mass distributions of electron pairs in the region $|y_{ee}| < 0.5$, p+p.

Invariant mass distributions of electron pairs in the region $|y_{ee}| < 0.5$, d+Au.

(a) $B_{ee} \times d\sigma/dy$ vs. $y$ for p+p collisions and for d+Au collisions (scaled down by 103).

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Measurement of quarkonium production cross sections in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV

The CMS collaboration Sirunyan, A.M. ; Tumasyan, Armen ; Adam, Wolfgang ; et al.
Phys.Lett.B 780 (2018) 251-272, 2018.
Inspire Record 1633431 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.85744

Differential production cross sections of J/$\psi$ and $\psi$(2S) charmonium and $\Upsilon$(nS) (n = 1, 2, 3) bottomonium states are measured in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} =$ 13 TeV, with data collected by the CMS detector at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.3 fb$^{-1}$ for the J/$\psi$ and 2.7 fb$^{-1}$ for the other mesons. The five quarkonium states are reconstructed in the dimuon decay channel, for dimuon rapidity $|y| <$ 1.2. The double-differential cross sections for each state are measured as a function of $y$ and transverse momentum, and compared to theoretical expectations. In addition, ratios are presented of cross sections for prompt $\psi$(2S) to J/$\psi$, $\Upsilon$(2S) to $\Upsilon$(1S), and $\Upsilon$(3S) to $\Upsilon$(1S) production.

12 data tables

Double-differential cross section times the dimuon branching fraction of the J/psi meson for different ranges of pT in bins of |y| and for the full |y| < 1.2 range, for the unpolarized decay hypothesis. The global uncertainty in the integrated luminosity of 2.3% is not included in the systematic uncertainties.

Double-differential cross section times the dimuon branching fraction of the psi(2S) meson for different ranges of pT in bins of |y| and for the full |y| < 1.2 range, for the unpolarized decay hypothesis. The global uncertainty in the integrated luminosity of 2.3% is not included in the systematic uncertainties.

Double-differential cross section times the dimuon branching fraction of the Y(1S) meson for different ranges of pT in bins of |y| and for the full |y| < 1.2 range, for the unpolarized decay hypothesis. The global uncertainty in the integrated luminosity of 2.3% is not included in the systematic uncertainties.

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Version 2
Suppression of Upsilon(1S), Upsilon(2S) and Upsilon(3S) production in PbPb collisions at sqrt(s[NN]) = 2.76 TeV

The CMS collaboration Khachatryan, Vardan ; Sirunyan, Albert M ; Tumasyan, Armen ; et al.
Phys.Lett.B 770 (2017) 357-379, 2017.
Inspire Record 1495866 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.77220

The production yields of Upsilon(1S), Upsilon(2S), and Upsilon(3S) quarkonium states are measured through their decays into muon pairs in the CMS detector, in PbPb and pp collisions at the centre-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of 2.76 TeV. The data correspond to integrated luminosities of 166 inverse microbarns and 5.4 inverse picobarns for PbPb and pp collisions, respectively. Differential production cross sections are reported as functions of Upsilon rapidity y up to 2.4, and transverse momentum pT up to 20 GeV/c. A strong centrality-dependent suppression is observed in PbPb relative to pp collisions, by factors of up to approximately 2 and 8, for the Upsilon(1S) and Upsilon(2S) states, respectively. No significant dependence of this suppression is observed as a function of y or pT. The Upsilon(3S) state is not observed in PbPb collisions, which corresponds to a suppression for the centrality-integrated data by at least a factor of approximately 7 at a 95% confidence level. The observed suppression is in agreement with theoretical scenarios modeling the sequential melting of quarkonium states in a quark gluon plasma.

34 data tables

Differential cross section for Y(1S) states as a function of their transverse momentum and per unit of rapidity in pp collisions. Statistical (systematic) uncertainties are displayed as error bars (boxes). Global relative uncertainties of 3.7% are not displayed.

Differential cross section for Y(1S) states as a function of their transverse momentum and per unit of rapidity in pp collisions. Statistical (systematic) uncertainties are displayed as error bars (boxes). Global relative uncertainties of 3.7% are not displayed.

Differential cross section for Y(2S) states as a function of their transverse momentum and per unit of rapidity in pp collisions. Statistical (systematic) uncertainties are displayed as error bars (boxes). Global relative uncertainties of 3.7% are not displayed.

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Energy scan of the $e^+e^- \to h_b(nP)\pi^+\pi^-$ $(n=1,2)$ cross sections and evidence for the $\Upsilon(11020)$ decays into charged bottomonium-like states

The Belle collaboration Abdesselam, A. ; Adachi, I. ; Adamczyk, K. ; et al.
Phys.Rev.Lett. 117 (2016) 142001, 2016.
Inspire Record 1389855 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.74710

Using data collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy $e^+e^-$ collider, we measure the energy dependence of the $e^+e^- \to h_b(nP)\pi^+\pi^-$ $(n=1,2)$ cross sections from thresholds up to $11.02\,$GeV. We find clear $\Upsilon(10860)$ and $\Upsilon(11020)$ peaks with little or no continuum contribution. We study the resonant substructure of the $\Upsilon(11020) \to h_b(nP)\pi^+\pi^-$ transitions and find evidence that they proceed entirely via the intermediate isovector states $Z_b(10610)$ and $Z_b(10650)$. The relative fraction of these states is loosely constrained by the current data: the hypothesis that only $Z_b(10610)$ is produced is excluded at the level of 3.3 standard deviations, while the hypothesis that only $Z_b(10650)$ is produced is not excluded at a significant level.

1 data table

Center-of-mass energies, integrated luminosities and Born cross sections for all energy points. The first uncertainty in the energy is uncorrelated, the second is correlated. The three uncertainties in the cross sections are statistical, uncorrelated systematic and correlated systematic.


Measurement of the fraction of \Y1S originating from \chib1P decays in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 7\tev$

The LHCb collaboration Aaij, R. ; Abellan Beteta, C. ; Adametz, A. ; et al.
JHEP 11 (2012) 031, 2012.
Inspire Record 1184177 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.72876

The production of \chib1P mesons in $pp$ collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of $7\tev$ is studied using $32\invpb$ of data collected with the \lhcb detector. The $\chib1P$ mesons are reconstructed in the decay mode $\chib1P \to \Y1S\g \to \mumu\g$. The fraction of \Y1S originating from \chib1P decays in the \Y1S transverse momentum range $6 < \pt^{\Y1S} < 15\gevc$ and rapidity range $2.0 < y^{\Y1S} < 4.5$ is measured to be $(20.7\pm 5.7\pm 2.1^{+2.7}_{-5.4})%$, where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second is systematic and the last gives the range of the result due to the unknown \Y1S and \chib1P polarizations.

1 data table

Fraction of $\Upsilon(1S)$ originating from $\chi_b(1P)$ decays for different $p_T(\Upsilon(1S))$ bins, assuming production of unpolarized $\Upsilon(1S)$ and $\chi_b(1P)$ mesons. The first uncertainty is statistical, the second is the systematic uncertainty ($10.21\%$) and the third uncertainty is due to the unknown $\Upsilon(1S)$ and $\chi_b(1P)$ polarizations ($ _{-26}^{+13}\%$). The second and third uncertainties are considerent constant over the measurement fiducial phase-space.


Measurements of the Upsilon(1S), Upsilon(2S), and Upsilon(3S) differential cross sections in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV

The CMS collaboration Khachatryan, Vardan ; Sirunyan, Albert M ; Tumasyan, Armen ; et al.
Phys.Lett.B 749 (2015) 14-34, 2015.
Inspire Record 1342266 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.64486

Differential cross sections as a function of transverse momentum pt are presented for the production of Y(nS) (n = 1, 2, 3) states decaying into a pair of muons. Data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.9 inverse femtobarns in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV were collected with the CMS detector at the LHC. The analysis selects events with dimuon rapidity abs(y) < 1.2 and dimuon transverse momentum in the range 10 < pt < 100 GeV. The measurements show a transition from an exponential to a power-law behavior at pt ~ 20 GeV for the three Y states. Above that transition, the Y spectrum is significantly harder than that of the Y(1S) and Y(2S). The ratios of the Y(3S) and Y(2S) differential cross sections to the Y(1S) cross section show a rise as pt increases at low pt, then become flatter at higher pt.

15 data tables

The $p_{\rm T}$ bin width, the weighted mean $p_{\rm T}$ within a bin, and the differential cross section times the dimuon branching fraction for the $\Upsilon$(1S), $\Upsilon$(2S), and $\Upsilon$(3S) with $0 < |y| < 0.6$. The statistical and systematic uncertainties in the differential cross section are given as the percentage of the cross section.

The $p_{\rm T}$ bin width, the weighted mean $p_{\rm T}$ within a bin, and the differential cross section times the dimuon branching fraction for the $\Upsilon$(1S), $\Upsilon$(2S), and $\Upsilon$(3S) with $0.6 < |y| < 1.2$. The statistical and systematic uncertainties in the differential cross section are given as the percentage of the cross section.

The $p_{\rm T}$ bin width, the weighted mean $p_{\rm T}$ within a bin, and the differential cross section times the dimuon branching fraction for the $\Upsilon$(1S), $\Upsilon$(2S), and $\Upsilon$(3S) with $|y| < 1.2$. The statistical and systematic uncertainties in the differential cross section are given as the percentage of the cross section.

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Amplitude analysis of e+e- => Y(nS)pi+pi- at sqrt(s)=10.865 GeV

The Belle collaboration Garmash, A. ; Bondar, A. ; Kuzmin, A. ; et al.
Phys.Rev.D 91 (2015) 072003, 2015.
Inspire Record 1283743 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.64697

We report results on studies of the e+e- annihilation into three-body Y(nS)pi+pi- (n=1,2,3) final states including measurements of cross sections and the full amplitude analysis. The cross sections measured at sqrt(s)=10.865 GeV and corrected for the initial state radiation are sigma(e+e-=>Y(1S)pi+pi-)=(2.27+-0.12+-0.14) pb, sigma(e+e-=>Y(2S)pi+pi-)=(4.07+-0.16+-0.45) pb, and sigma(e+e-=>Y(3S)pi+pi-)=(1.46+-0.09+-0.16) pb. Amplitude analysis of the three-body Y(nS)pi+pi- final states strongly favors I^G(J^P)=1^+(1^+) quantum-number assignments for the two bottomonium-like Zb+- states, recently observed in the Y(nS)pi+- and hb(mP)pi+- (m=1,2) decay channels. The results are obtained with a $121.4 1/fb data sample collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+e- collider.

9 data tables

The measured cross section and visible cross section for the three-body transition E+ E- --> UPSILON(1S) PI+ PI-.

The measured cross section and visible cross section for the three-body transition E+ E- --> UPSILON(2S) PI+ PI-.

The measured cross section and visible cross section for the three-body transition E+ E- --> UPSILON(3S) PI+ PI-.

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Antideuteron production in $\Upsilon(nS)$ decays and in $e^+e^- \to q\overline{q}$ at $\sqrt{s} \approx 10.58 \mathrm{\,Ge\kern -0.1em V}$

The BaBar collaboration Lees, J.P. ; Poireau, V. ; Tisserand, V. ; et al.
Phys.Rev.D 89 (2014) 111102, 2014.
Inspire Record 1286317 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.64605

We present measurements of the inclusive production of antideuterons in $e^+e^-$ annihilation into hadrons at $\approx 10.58 \mathrm{\,Ge\kern -0.1em V}$ center-of-mass energy and in $\Upsilon(1S,2S,3S)$ decays. The results are obtained using data collected by the BABAR detector at the PEP-II electron-positron collider. Assuming a fireball spectral shape for the emitted antideuteron momentum, we find $\mathcal{B}(\Upsilon(1S) \to \bar{d}X) = (2.81 \pm 0.49 \mathrm{(stat)} {}^{+0.20}_{-0.24} \mathrm{(syst)})/! \times /! 10^{-5}$, $\mathcal{B}(\Upsilon(2S) \to \bar{d}X) = (2.64 \pm 0.11 \mathrm{(stat)} {}^{+0.26}_{-0.21} \mathrm{(syst)})/! \times /! 10^{-5}$, $\mathcal{B}(\Upsilon(3S) \to \bar{d}X) = (2.33 \pm 0.15 \mathrm{(stat)} {}^{+0.31}_{-0.28} \mathrm{(syst)})/! \times /! 10^{-5}$, and $\sigma (e^+e^- \to \bar{d}X) = (9.63 \pm 0.41 \mathrm{(stat)} {}^{+1.17}_{-1.01} \mathrm{(syst)}) \mbox{\,fb}$.

5 data tables

The rate of antideuteron production from the decay of UPSILON(3S).

The rate of antideuteron production from the decay of UPSILON(2S).

The rate of antideuteron production from the decay of UPSILON(1S).

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