pi-Meson Production in 2.9-BeV p-p Collisions

Melissinos, A.C. ; Yamanouchi, T. ; Fazio, G.G. ; et al.
Phys.Rev. 128 (1962) 2373-2381, 1962.
Inspire Record 944979 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.26775

Detailed measurements of the production of charged π mesons in proton-proton collisions are reported. The observed results are compared with the "isobar" and "one-pion exchange" models and for single production are in agreement if only the "resonant" part of the π−p cross section is used and if the angular distribution cos16θ is introduced for the production of the N1* isobar. The effects of higher resonances are also considered.

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Pion Production at High Transverse Momentum in 24-{GeV} Proton Proton Collisions

Beier, E.W. ; Patton, R. ; Raychaudhuri, K. ; et al.
Phys.Rev.D 18 (1978) 2235, 1978.
Inspire Record 7054 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.24372

We report measurements of the inclusive π− and π+ yields in 24-GeV proton-proton collisions at θc.m.=90° for 2.2≤PT≤2.8 GeV/c. There is a high-PT deficit, rather than excess, at this incident energy.

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Hadron production in nucleon-nucleon collisions at 200-GeV/c: A Compilation

Gazdzicki, M. ; Hansen, O. ;
Nucl.Phys.A 528 (1991) 754-770, 1991.
Inspire Record 323125 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.36760

Data on stable hadron production in p + p and p + n interactions at 200 GeV/ c are reviewed. Methods to construct missing data in the p + p, p + n, and n + n interactions are derived from charge symmetry and charge, baryon and strangeness conservation, and used to yield nucleon-nucleon interaction results. These may be useful for evaluating nucleus-nucleus collision measurements in terms of enhancements and suppressions. Parameterizations of p t 2 and rapidity distributions are presented to provide yields in acceptance cuts for comparisons to nucleus-nucleus data. As an example the derived nucleon-nucleon multiplicities are reduced to the acceptances of the NA-35 CERN S + S experiment.

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Energy dependence of pion and kaon production in central Pb + Pb collisions.

The NA49 collaboration Afanasiev, S.V. ; Anticic, T. ; Barna, D. ; et al.
Phys.Rev.C 66 (2002) 054902, 2002.
Inspire Record 586383 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.31729

Measurements of charged pion and kaon production in central Pb+Pb collisions at 40, 80 and 158 AGeV are presented. These are compared with data at lower and higher energies as well as with results from p+p interactions. The mean pion multiplicity per wounded nucleon increases approximately linearly with s_NN^1/4 with a change of slope starting in the region 15-40 AGeV. The change from pion suppression with respect to p+p interactions, as observed at low collision energies, to pion enhancement at high energies occurs at about 40 AGeV. A non-monotonic energy dependence of the ratio of K^+ to pi^+ yields is observed, with a maximum close to 40 AGeV and an indication of a nearly constant value at higher energies.The measured dependences may be related to an increase of the entropy production and a decrease of the strangeness to entropy ratio in central Pb+Pb collisions in the low SPS energy range, which is consistent with the hypothesis that a transient state of deconfined matter is created above these energies. Other interpretations of the data are also discussed.

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Production of charged hadrons with large transverse momenta pp collisions at 70 GeV

Abramov, V.V. ; Alekseev, A.V. ; Baldin, B.Yu. ; et al.
JETP Lett. 33 (1981) 289, 1981.
Inspire Record 154714 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.70441

None

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HADRON PRODUCTION IN INCLUSIVE PROCESSES IN PROTON - NUCLEAR COLLISIONS AT 67-GeV/c

Bozhko, N.I. ; Borisov, A.A. ; Vovenko, A.S. ; et al.
Yad.Fiz. 31 (1980) 1494-1500, 1980.
Inspire Record 142571 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.11063

None

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Charged Particle Correlations at $Y=0$ in $p p$ Collisions at the CERN ISR

Banner, M. ; Cheze, J.B. ; Kasha, H. ; et al.
Nucl.Phys.B 126 (1977) 61-86, 1977.
Inspire Record 5196 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.35283

Measurements of the double differential cross sections for ππ and pπ production in pp collisions at the CERN ISR are presented for 5 c.m. energies s = 22, 30, 44, 53, 62 GeV . Charge and transverse momentum correlations are also reported.

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One, Two, and Three Particle Distributions in p p Collisions at 205-GeV/c

Kafka, T. ; Singer, R. ; Cho, Y. ; et al.
Phys.Rev.D 16 (1977) 1261, 1977.
Inspire Record 110667 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.24609

Results of a Fermilab experiment using the 30-in. hydrogen bubble chamber are reported, with the main emphasis on pion production in the central region. Single-particle inclusive and semi-inclusive distributions in rapidity, Feynman x, and pT2 for both π− and π+ are presented and compared with results of other experiments. Two-particle distributions are investigated using the correlation-function formalism. The relation between inclusive and semi-inclusive correlation functions is discussed. The semi-inclusive correlation functions in rapidity are found to have short-range character compatible with the ideas of independent-cluster-emission models. Evidence for effects due to Bose-Einstein statistics of like particles is found by comparing the joint correlation function in rapidity and azimuthal angle, as well as the charged multiplicity associated with transverse momentum in the like- and unlike-charge combinations. Data on the average associated transverse momentum are also presented. The inclusive and semi-inclusive three-particle distributions are presented for all charge combinations. The inclusive three-particle correlations are found to be small for events with more than four particles in the final state. Two independent ways were found in which three-particle densities can be expressed in terms of one- and two-particle densities.

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Multipion Bose-Einstein correlations in pp, p-Pb, and Pb-Pb collisions at the LHC

The ALICE collaboration Adam, Jaroslav ; Adamova, Dagmar ; Aggarwal, Madan Mohan ; et al.
Phys.Rev.C 93 (2016) 054908, 2016.
Inspire Record 1411653 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.72937

Three- and four-pion Bose-Einstein correlations are presented in pp, p-Pb, and Pb-Pb collisions at the LHC. We compare our measured four-pion correlations to the expectation derived from two- and three-pion measurements. Such a comparison provides a method to search for coherent pion emission. We also present mixed-charge correlations in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of several analysis procedures such as Coulomb corrections. Same-charge four-pion correlations in pp and p-Pb appear consistent with the expectations from three-pion measurements. However, the presence of non-negligible background correlations in both systems prevent a conclusive statement. In Pb-Pb collisions, we observe a significant suppression of three- and four-pion Bose-Einstein correlations compared to expectations from two-pion measurements. There appears to be no centrality dependence of the suppression within the 0-50% centrality interval. The origin of the suppression is not clear. However, by postulating either coherent pion emission or large multibody Coulomb effects, the suppression may be explained.

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Inclusive Production of $\pi^{\pm}$, $K^{\pm}$, $p$, $\bar{p}$ in High-Energy pp Collisions

Johnson, J.R. ; Kammerud, R. ; Ohsugi, T. ; et al.
Phys.Rev.Lett. 39 (1977) 1173-1176, 1977.
Inspire Record 121763 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.4502

We have measured the single-particle inclusive cross sections for p+p→π±+X, K±+X, p+X, p¯+X in the low-p⊥ region (≲ 1.5 GeV/c) as a function of the radial scaling variable XR in p−p collisions at 100, 200, and 400 GeV at Fermilab. The measured π+π− and K+K− ratios are shown to be remarkably similar to the same ratios which have recently been measured at large p⊥ at 90° in the center-of-mass system.

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Tagging Diquarks by Protons of High Transverse Momentum in $p p$ Collisions at the {ISR}

The Ames-Bologna-CERN-Dortmund-Heidelberg-Warsaw collaboration Breakstone, A. ; Campanini, R. ; Crawley, H.B. ; et al.
Z.Phys.C 36 (1987) 567, 1987.
Inspire Record 248219 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.15750

Events are analyzed in which a high transverse momentum proton was produced at polar angles of 10°, 20° and 45°. The experiment was performed with the Split Field Magnet detector at the CERN ISR at\(\sqrt s \)=62 GeV. A 4-jet structure of these events is found [1]. The measured charge structure of spectator jets is compatible with proton production from hard diquark scattering. This is supported by a study of baryon number compensation in the towards jets. The observed charge compensation in the towards jets suggests dominance of hard (ud) scattering. Evidence forΔ++ production at high transverse momentum indicates the presence of an additional (uu) scattering component. The properties of the recoiling away jets are compatible with the fragmentation of a valence quark and/or of a gluon as in the case of meson triggers.

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LARGE TRANSVERSE MOMENTUM INCLUSIVE HADRON PRODUCTION IN P P COLLISIONS AT 70-GEV. (IN RUSSIAN)

Abramov, V.V. ; Baldin, B.Yu. ; Buzulutskov, A.F. ; et al.
Sov.J.Nucl.Phys. 41 (1985) 445-451, 1985.
Inspire Record 217256 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.40960

None

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Inclusive production of charged pions in p p collisions at 158-GeV/c beam momentum.

The NA49 collaboration Alt, C. ; Anticic, T. ; Baatar, B. ; et al.
Eur.Phys.J.C 45 (2006) 343-381, 2006.
Inspire Record 694016 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.43114

New results on the production of charged pions in p+p interactions are presented. The data come from a sample of 4.8 million inelastic events obtained with the NA49 detector at the CERN SPS at 158 GeV/c beam momentum. Pions are identified by energy loss measurement in a large TPC tracking system which covers a major fraction of the production phase space. Inclusive invariant cross sections are given on a grid of nearly 300 bins per charge over intervals from 0 to 2 GeV/c in transverse momentum and from 0 to 0.85 in Feynman x. The results are compared to existing data in overlapping energy ranges.

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Identified charged hadron production in p+p collisions at sqrt(s)=200 and 62.4 GeV

The PHENIX collaboration Adare, A. ; Afanasiev, S. ; Aidala, C. ; et al.
Phys.Rev.C 83 (2011) 064903, 2011.
Inspire Record 886590 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.57021

Transverse momentum distributions and yields for $\pi^{\pm}$, $K^{\pm}$, $p$ and $\bar{p}$ in $p+p$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}$=200 and 62.4 GeV at midrapidity are measured by the PHENIX experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). These data provide important baseline spectra for comparisons with identified particle spectra in heavy ion collisions at RHIC. We present the inverse slope parameter $T_{\rm inv}$, mean transverse momentum $<p_T>$ and yield per unit rapidity $dN/dy$ at each energy, and compare them to other measurements at different $\sqrt{s}$ in $p+p$ and $p+\bar{p}$ collisions. We also present the scaling properties such as $m_T$ scaling, $x_T$ scaling on the $p_T$ spectra between different energies. To discuss the mechanism of the particle production in $p+p$ collisions, the measured spectra are compared to next-to-leading-order or next-to-leading-logarithmic perturbative quantum chromodynamics calculations.

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Measurement of pion, kaon and proton production in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7$ TeV

The ALICE collaboration Adam, Jaroslav ; Adamova, Dagmar ; Aggarwal, Madan Mohan ; et al.
Eur.Phys.J.C 75 (2015) 226, 2015.
Inspire Record 1357424 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.68129

The measurement of primary $\pi^{\pm}$, K$^{\pm}$, p and $\overline{p}$ production at mid-rapidity ($|y| <$ 0.5) in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 7$ TeV performed with ALICE (A Large Ion Collider Experiment) at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is reported. Particle identification is performed using the specific ionization energy loss and time-of-flight information, the ring-imaging Cherenkov technique and the kink-topology identification of weak decays of charged kaons. Transverse momentum spectra are measured from 0.1 up to 3 GeV/$c$ for pions, from 0.2 up to 6 GeV/$c$ for kaons and from 0.3 up to 6 GeV/$c$ for protons. The measured spectra and particle ratios are compared with QCD-inspired models, tuned to reproduce also the earlier measurements performed at the LHC. Furthermore, the integrated particle yields and ratios as well as the average transverse momenta are compared with results at lower collision energies.

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Measurement of prompt hadron production ratios in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s} = $ 0.9 and 7 TeV

The LHCb collaboration Aaij, R ; Abellan Beteta, C ; Adametz, A ; et al.
Eur.Phys.J.C 72 (2012) 2168, 2012.
Inspire Record 1119400 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.59495

The charged-particle production ratios $\bar{p}/p$, $K^-/K^+$, $\pi^-/\pi^+$, $(p + \bar{p})/(\pi^+ + \pi^-)$, $(K^+ + K^-)/(\pi^+ + \pi^-)$ and $(p + \bar{p})/(K^+ + K^-)$ are measured with the LHCb detector using $0.3 {\rm nb^{-1}}$ of $pp$ collisions delivered by the LHC at $\sqrt{s} = 0.9$ TeV and $1.8 {\rm nb^{-1}}$ at $\sqrt{s} = 7$ TeV. The measurements are performed as a function of transverse momentum $p_{\rm T}$ and pseudorapidity $\eta$. The production ratios are compared to the predictions of several Monte Carlo generator settings, none of which are able to describe adequately all observables. The ratio $\bar{p}/p$ is also considered as a function of rapidity loss, $\Delta y \equiv y_{\rm beam} - y$, and is used to constrain models of baryon transport.

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Production asymmetry measurement of high x(T) hadrons in p(pol.) p collisions at 40-GeV.

Abramov, V.V. ; Dyshkant, A.S. ; Evdokimov, V.N. ; et al.
Nucl.Phys.B 492 (1997) 3-17, 1997.
Inspire Record 429347 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.40519

Single-spin asymmetries for hadrons have been measured in collisions of transversely-polarized 40 GeV/c proton beam with an unpolarized liquid hydrogen target. The asymmetries were measured for pi+-, K+-, protons and antiprotons, produced in the central region (0.02 < Xf < 0.10 and 0.7 < Pt < 3.4 GeV/c). Asymmetries for pi+-, K+- and antiprotons show within measurement errors the linear dependence on Xt and change a sign near 0.37. For protons negative asymmetry, independent of Xt has been found. The results are compared with those of other experiments and SU(6) model predictions.

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Version 2
Measurement of charged pion, kaon, and proton production in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV

The CMS collaboration Sirunyan, Albert M ; Tumasyan, Armen ; Adam, Wolfgang ; et al.
Phys.Rev.D 96 (2017) 112003, 2017.
Inspire Record 1608166 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.80168

Transverse momentum spectra of charged pions, kaons, and protons are measured in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV with the CMS detector at the LHC. The particles, identified via their energy loss in the silicon tracker, are measured in the transverse momentum range of pt ~ 0.1-1.7 GeV and rapidities abs(y) < 1. The pt spectra and integrated yields are compared to previous results at smaller sqrt(s) and to predictions of Monte Carlo event generators. The average pt increases with particle mass and charged particle multiplicity of the event. Comparisons with previous CMS results at sqrt(s) = 0.9, 2.76, and 7 TeV show that the average pt and the ratios of hadron yields feature very similar dependences on the particle multiplicity in the event, independently of the center-of-mass energy of the pp collision.

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Charged particle productions at 90 degrees in the center-of-mass in very high energy proton proton collisions

Banner, M. ; Hamel, J.L. ; Pansart, J.P. ; et al.
Phys.Lett.B 41 (1972) 547-551, 1972.
Inspire Record 85071 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.28219

The transverse momentum distribution at 90° of pions, protons and antiprotons have been measured at the CERN intersecting storage rings for C.M. energies between 23.2 and 52.7 GeV. In this energy range, the pion and proton distributions are almost energy independent. The antiproton production rises by a factor of two between 23.2 and 52.7 GeV.

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High $p_T K^\pm / \pi^\pm$ Production in $p p$ Collisions at the {ISR}: Strangeness Suppression and Gluon Effects

The Ames-Bologna-CERN-Dortmund-Heidelberg-Warsaw collaboration Breakstone, A. ; Buchanan, C.D. ; Campanini, R. ; et al.
Phys.Lett.B 135 (1984) 510-514, 1984.
Inspire Record 193431 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.30589

The ratios of high p T charged kaon to pion production cross sections at √ s = 45 and 62 GeV are presented. The values of the K ± π ± ratios are essentially independent of both √ s and x T = 2p T √s and are compatible with a strangeness suppression factor λ = 0.55. By contrast, the K − π − values fall with x T suggesting a gluonic origin of K − . QCD calculations agrees with the measurements.

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Production of K$^{*}$(892)$^{0}$ and $\phi$(1020) in p-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 5.02 TeV

The ALICE collaboration Adam, Jaroslav ; Adamova, Dagmar ; Aggarwal, Madan Mohan ; et al.
Eur.Phys.J.C 76 (2016) 245, 2016.
Inspire Record 1418181 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.72720

The production of K$^{*}$(892)$^{0}$ and $\phi$(1020) mesons has been measured in p-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 5.02 TeV. K$^{*0}$ and $\phi$ are reconstructed via their decay into charged hadrons with the ALICE detector in the rapidity range $-0.5 < y <0$. The transverse momentum spectra, measured as a function of the multiplicity, have p$_{\mathrm{T}}$ range from 0 to 15 GeV/$c$ for K$^{*0}$ and from 0.3 to 21 GeV/$c$ for $\phi$. Integrated yields, mean transverse momenta and particle ratios are reported and compared with results in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 7 TeV and Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 2.76 TeV. In Pb-Pb and p-Pb collisions, K$^{*0}$ and $\phi$ probe the hadronic phase of the system and contribute to the study of particle formation mechanisms by comparison with other identified hadrons. For this purpose, the mean transverse momenta and the differential proton-to-$\phi$ ratio are discussed as a function of the multiplicity of the event. The short-lived K$^{*0}$ is measured to investigate re-scattering effects, believed to be related to the size of the system and to the lifetime of the hadronic phase.

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Freeze-out radii extracted from three-pion cumulants in pp, p-Pb and Pb-Pb collisions at the LHC

The ALICE collaboration Abelev, Betty Bezverkhny ; Adam, Jaroslav ; Adamova, Dagmar ; et al.
Phys.Lett.B 739 (2014) 139-151, 2014.
Inspire Record 1288705 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.65772

In high-energy collisions, the spatio-temporal size of the particle production region can be measured using the Bose-Einstein correlations of identical bosons at low relative momentum. The source radii are typically extracted using two-pion correlations, and characterize the system at the last stage of interaction, called kinetic freeze-out. In low-multiplicity collisions, unlike in high-multiplicity collisions, two-pion correlations are substantially altered by background correlations, e.g. mini-jets. Such correlations can be suppressed using three-pion cumulant correlations. We present the first measurements of the size of the system at freeze-out extracted from three-pion cumulant correlations in pp, p-Pb and Pb-Pb collisions at the LHC with ALICE. At similar multiplicity, the invariant radii extracted in p-Pb collisions are found to be 5-15% larger than those in pp, while those in Pb-Pb are 35-55% larger than those in p-Pb. Our measurements disfavor models which incorporate substantially stronger collective expansion in p-Pb as compared to pp collisions at similar multiplicity.

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Production Spectra of pi+-, K+-, rho+- at Large Angles in Proton Proton Collisions in the CERN Intersecting Storage Rings

The British-Scandinavian collaboration Alper, B. ; Böggild, H. ; Booth, P. ; et al.
Nucl.Phys.B 100 (1975) 237-290, 1975.
Inspire Record 99735 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.8506

Results are given on the inclusive production of charged pions, kaons, and nucleons, in proton-proton collisions at c.m. energies from √ s = 23 to 63 GeV at large angles and for the transverse momentum range 0.1 < p T < 4.8 GeV/ c . The dependence of the production spectra on the collision energy √ s , the transverse momentum p T , and the longitudinal rapidity is discussed.

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Production of Charged Pions at High Transverse Momentum in $p p$ Collisions at $\sqrt{s}=45$-{GeV} and 62-{GeV}

The Ames-Bologna-CERN-Dortmund-Heidelberg-Warsaw collaboration Breakstone, A. ; Buchanan, C.D. ; Campanini, R. ; et al.
Phys.Lett.B 135 (1984) 505-509, 1984.
Inspire Record 193699 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.30594

We report on measurements of charged pion production cross sections at θ ≅ 50°, p T ≅ 3–9 GeV / c and √ s = 45 GeV , taken with the Split Field Magnet Detector at the CERN Intersecting Storage Rings (ISR). Together with previous data at √ s = 62 GeV , this allows the calculation of the exponent n assuming a power law dependence p n T . Values of n ≈ 8 are found at low x T = 2 p T /√ s which drop to about 7 at x T ≈ 0.3. The measured values of π + /π − rise with x T and approach ≈ 2 at x T ≈ 0.3. A first-order QCD calculations is reasonably consistent with the data.

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Production of Mesons and Baryons at High Rapidity and High Pt in Proton-Proton Collisions at sqrt(s) = 200 GeV

The BRAHMS collaboration Arsene, I. ; Bearden, I.G. ; Beavis, D. ; et al.
Phys.Rev.Lett. 98 (2007) 252001, 2007.
Inspire Record 742956 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.41746

We present particle spectra for charged hadrons $\pi^\pm, K^\pm, p$ and $\bar{p}$ from pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=200$ GeV measured for the first time at forward rapidities (2.95 and 3.3). The kinematics of these measurements are skewed in a way that probes the small momentum fraction in one of the protons and large fractions in the other. Large proton to pion ratios are observed at values of transverse momentum that extend up to 4 GeV/c, where protons have momenta up to 35 GeV. Next-to-leading order perturbative QCD calculations describe the production of pions and kaons well at these rapidities, but fail to account for the large proton yields and small $\bar{p}/p$ ratios.

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Hadron Production at Transverse Momenta From 0.5-{GeV} Up to 2.2-{GeV}/c in Proton Proton Collisions at 70-{GeV}

Abramov, V.V. ; Alekseev, A.V. ; Baldin, B.Yu. ; et al.
Sov.J.Nucl.Phys. 31 (1980) 484, 1980.
Inspire Record 143797 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.34474

The cross sections for π ± , K ± , p, and p production in pp collisions have been measured at transverse momenta from 0.48 up to 2.21 GeV/ c at 70 GeV. The data are compared with results obtained at lower and higher proton energies and also with the quantum chromodynamics parton model (QPM) calculations. Common behaviour of the cross sections of the form g(p ⊥ )⨍(x ⊥ ) in the energy range above 200 GeV does not take place at lower energies. Qualitatively QPM fits the data and the best agreement is for π + / π − and K + / π + ratios.

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Differential Cross-sections for $\pi^\pm$ Production at 0-degrees From Proton Proton and Proton - Deuteron Collisions at 1-{GeV}

Abaev, V.V. ; Gridnev, A.B. ; Koptev, V.P. ; et al.
LENINGRAD-80-569, 1980.
Inspire Record 154994 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.37950

None

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Production of Hadrons at Large Transverse Momentum in 200-GeV, 300-GeV and 400-GeV p p and p n Collisions

Antreasyan, D. ; Cronin, J.W. ; Frisch, Henry J. ; et al.
Phys.Rev.D 19 (1979) 764-778, 1979.
Inspire Record 6860 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.24270

Measurements of the invariant cross section Ed3σd3p are presented for the production of hadrons (π, K, p, and p¯) at large transverse momentum (p⊥) by 200-, 300-, and 400-GeV protons incident on H2, D2, Be, Ti, and W targets. The measurements were made at a laboratory angle of 77 mrad, which corresponds to angles near 90° in the c.m. system of the incident proton and a single nucleon at rest. The range in p⊥ for the data is 0.77≤p⊥≤6.91 GeV/c, corresponding to values of the scaling variable x⊥=2p⊥s from 0.06 to 0.64. For p−p collisions, the pion cross sections can be represented in the region x⊥>35 by the form (1p⊥n)(1−x⊥)b, with n=8 and b=9. The ratio of π+ to π− production grows as a function of x⊥ to a value larger than 2 at x⊥≳0.5. The ratios of the production of K+ and protons to π+ and of K− and antiprotons to π− also scale with x⊥ for p−p collisions. The K±, p, and p¯ fitted values for n and b are given. Particle ratios are also presented for D2, Be, Ti, and W targets and the dependences on atomic weight (A) are discussed.

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Study of the inclusive production of charged pions, kaons, and protons in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 0.9, 2.76, and 7 TeV

The CMS collaboration Chatrchyan, Serguei ; Khachatryan, Vardan ; Sirunyan, Albert M ; et al.
Eur.Phys.J.C 72 (2012) 2164, 2012.
Inspire Record 1123117 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.59366

Spectra of identified charged hadrons are measured in pp collisions at the LHC for sqrt(s) = 0.9, 2.76, and 7 TeV. Charged pions, kaons, and protons in the transverse-momentum range pt approximately 0.1-1.7 GeV and for rapidities abs(y) < 1 are identified via their energy loss in the CMS silicon tracker. The average pt increases rapidly with the mass of the hadron and the event charged-particle multiplicity, independently of the center-of-mass energy. The fully corrected pt spectra and integrated yields are compared to various tunes of the PYTHIA6 and PYTHIA8 event generators.

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Production of charged pions, kaons and protons at large transverse momenta in pp and Pb-Pb collisions at sqrt(sNN) = 2.76 TeV

The ALICE collaboration Abelev, Betty Bezverkhny ; Adam, Jaroslav ; Adamova, Dagmar ; et al.
Phys.Lett.B 736 (2014) 196-207, 2014.
Inspire Record 1276299 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.62520

Transverse momentum spectra of $\pi^{\pm}$, $\rm K^{\pm}$ and p($\bar{\rm p}$) up to $p_{\rm T}$ = 20 GeV/$c$ at mid-rapidity in pp and Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=$ 2.76 TeV have been measured using the ALICE detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The proton-to-pion and the kaon-to-pion ratios both show a distinct peak at $p_{\rm T} \approx 3 GeV/c$ in central Pb-Pb collisions. Below the peak, $p_{\rm T}$ < 3 GeV/$c$, both ratios are in good agreement with hydrodynamical calculations, suggesting that the peak itself is dominantly the result of radial flow rather than anomalous hadronization processes. For $p_{\rm T}$ > 10 GeV/$c$ particle ratios in pp and Pb-Pb collisions are in agreement and the nuclear modification factors for $\pi^{\pm}$, $\rm K^{\pm}$ and $\rm p$($\bar{\rm p}$) indicate that, within the systematic and statistical uncertainties, the suppression is the same. This suggests that the chemical composition of leading particles from jets in the medium is similar to that of vacuum jets.

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Evidence of rescattering effect in Pb-Pb collisions at the LHC through production of $\rm{K}^{*}(892)^{0}$ and $\phi(1020)$ mesons

The ALICE collaboration Acharya, Shreyasi ; Adamova, Dagmar ; Adler, Alexander ; et al.
Phys.Lett.B 802 (2020) 135225, 2020.
Inspire Record 1762368 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.93150

Measurements of $\rm{K}^{*}(892)^{0}$ and $\phi(1020)$ resonance production in Pb-Pb and pp collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm{NN}}}$ = 5.02 TeV with the ALICE detector at the Large Hadron Collider are reported. The resonances are measured at midrapidity ($|y|$ $<$ 0.5) via their hadronic decay channels and the transverse momentum ($p_{\rm{T}}$) distributions are obtained for various collision centrality classes up to $p_{\rm{T}}$ $=$ 20 GeV$/c$. The $p_{\rm{T}}$-integrated yield ratio $\rm{K}^{*}(892)^{0}$$/$K in Pb-Pb collisions shows significant suppression relative to pp collisions and decreases towards more central collisions. In contrast, the $\phi(1020)$$/$K ratio does not show any suppression. Furthermore, the measured $\rm{K}^{*}(892)^{0}$$/$K ratio in central Pb-Pb collisions is significantly suppressed with respect to the expectations based on a thermal model calculation, while the $\phi(1020)$$/$K ratio agrees with the model prediction. These measurements are an experimental demonstration of rescattering of $\rm{K}^{*}(892)^{0}$ decay products in the hadronic phase of the collisions. The $\rm{K}^{*}(892)^{0}$$/$K yield ratios in Pb-Pb and pp collisions are used to estimate the time duration between chemical and kinetic freeze-out, which is found to be $\sim$ 4-7 fm$/c$ for central collisions. The $p_{\rm{T}}$-differential ratios of $\rm{K}^{*}(892)^{0}$$/$K, $\phi(1020)$$/$K, $\rm{K}^{*}(892)^{0}$$/\pi$, $\phi(1020)$$/\pi$, $p/$$\rm{K}^{*}(892)^{0}$ and $p/$$\phi(1020)$ are also presented for Pb-Pb and pp collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm{NN}}}$ $=$ 5.02 TeV. These ratios show that the rescattering effect is predominantly a low-$p_{\rm{T}}$ phenomenon.

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Production of charged pions, kaons and (anti-)protons in Pb-Pb and inelastic pp collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm{NN}}}$ = 5.02 TeV

The ALICE collaboration Acharya, Shreyasi ; Adamova, Dagmar ; Adhya, Souvik Priyam ; et al.
Phys.Rev.C 101 (2020) 044907, 2020.
Inspire Record 1759506 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.104923

Mid-rapidity production of $\pi^{\pm}$, $\rm{K}^{\pm}$ and ($\bar{\rm{p}}$)p measured by the ALICE experiment at the LHC, in Pb-Pb and inelastic pp collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm{NN}}}$ = 5.02 TeV, is presented. The invariant yields are measured over a wide transverse momentum ($p_{\rm{T}}$) range from hundreds of MeV/$c$ up to 20 GeV/$c$. The results in Pb-Pb collisions are presented as a function of the collision centrality, in the range 0$-$90%. The comparison of the $p_{\rm{T}}$-integrated particle ratios, i.e. proton-to-pion (p/$\pi$) and kaon-to-pion (K/$\pi$) ratios, with similar measurements in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm{NN}}}$ = 2.76 TeV show no significant energy dependence. Blast-wave fits of the $p_{\rm{T}}$ spectra indicate that in the most central collisions radial flow is slightly larger at 5.02 TeV with respect to 2.76 TeV. Particle ratios (p/$\pi$, K/$\pi$) as a function of $p_{\rm{T}}$ show pronounced maxima at $p_{\rm{T}}$ $\approx$ 3 GeV/$c$ in central Pb-Pb collisions. At high $p_{\rm{T}}$, particle ratios at 5.02 TeV are similar to those measured in pp collisions at the same energy and in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm{NN}}}$ = 2.76 TeV. Using the pp reference spectra measured at the same collision energy of 5.02 TeV, the nuclear modification factors for the different particle species are derived. Within uncertainties, the nuclear modification factor is particle species independent for high $p_{\rm{T}}$ and compatible with measurements at $\sqrt{s_{\rm{NN}}}$ = 2.76 TeV. The results are compared to state-of-the-art model calculations, which are found to describe the observed trends satisfactorily.

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Inclusive cross sections, charge ratio and double-helicity asymmetries for $\pi^+$ and $\pi^-$ production in $p$$+$$p$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}$=200 GeV

The PHENIX collaboration Adare, A. ; Aidala, C. ; Ajitanand, N.N. ; et al.
Phys.Rev.D 91 (2015) 032001, 2015.
Inspire Record 1315330 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.71403

We present the midrapidity charged pion invariant cross sections and the ratio of $\pi^-$-to-$\pi^+$ production ($5<p_T<13$ GeV/$c$), together with the double-helicity asymmetries ($5<p_T<12$ GeV/$c$) in polarized $p$$+$$p$ collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 200$ GeV. The cross section measurements are consistent with perturbative calculations in quantum chromodynamics within large uncertainties in the calculation due to the choice of factorization, renormalization, and fragmentation scales. However, the theoretical calculation of the ratio of $\pi^-$-to-$\pi^+$ production when considering these scale uncertainties overestimates the measured value, suggesting further investigation of the uncertainties on the charge-separated pion fragmentation functions is needed. Due to cancellations of uncertainties in the charge ratio, direct inclusion of these ratio data in future parameterizations should improve constraints on the flavor dependence of quark fragmentation functions to pions. By measuring charge-separated pion asymmetries, one can gain sensitivity to the sign of $\Delta G$ through the opposite sign of the up and down quark helicity distributions in conjunction with preferential fragmentation of positive pions from up quarks and negative pions from down quarks. The double-helicity asymmetries presented are sensitive to the gluon helicity distribution over an $x$ range of $\sim$0.03--0.16.

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Centrality dependence of the nuclear modification factor of charged pions, kaons, and protons in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=2.76$ TeV

The ALICE collaboration Adam, Jaroslav ; Adamova, Dagmar ; Aggarwal, Madan Mohan ; et al.
Phys.Rev.C 93 (2016) 034913, 2016.
Inspire Record 1377750 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.71310

Transverse momentum ($p_{\rm{T}}$) spectra of pions, kaons, and protons up to $p_{\rm{T}} = 20$ GeV/$c$ have been measured in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = 2.76$ TeV using the ALICE detector for six different centrality classes covering 0-80%. The proton-to-pion and the kaon-to-pion ratios both show a distinct peak at $p_{\rm{T}} \approx 3$ GeV/$c$ in central Pb-Pb collisions that decreases towards more peripheral collisions. For $p_{\rm{T}} > 10$ GeV/$c$, the nuclear modification factor is found to be the same for all three particle species in each centrality interval within systematic uncertainties of 10-20%. This suggests there is no direct interplay between the energy loss in the medium and the particle species composition in the hard core of the quenched jet. For $p_{\rm{T}} < 10$ GeV/$c$, the data provide important constraints for models aimed at describing the transition from soft to hard physics.

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Production of pi+ and pi- at Large Transverse Momentum in p p and p d Collisions at 200-GeV, 300-GeV, and 400-GeV.

Antreasyan, D. ; Cronin, J.W. ; Frisch, Henry J. ; et al.
Phys.Rev.Lett. 38 (1977) 112-114, 1977.
Inspire Record 123317 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.3266

We have measured the production of π+ and π− in 200-, 300-, and 400-GeV p−p and 400-GeV p−d collisions for transverse momenta (p⊥) ranging from 0.77 to 7.67 GeV/c. At large values of x⊥=2p⊥s, where s is the c.m. energy, we have fitted the p−p data to the form A(1−x⊥)bp⊥−n; we obtain n=8.2±0.5 for π+ and 8.5±0.5 for π−. At x⊥>0.3 the π+π− ratio in p−p collisions rises appreciably with increasing x⊥ whereas the π+π− ratio obtained from the difference of p−d and p−p cross sections is ∼ 1.0 at all x⊥.

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High Transverse Momentum Single Hadron Production in p p and p d Collisions at s**1/2 = 27.4-GeV and s**1/2 = 38.8-GeV

Jaffe, D.E. ; Straub, P.B. ; Adams, M.R. ; et al.
Phys.Rev.D 40 (1989) 2777, 1989.
Inspire Record 278691 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.23016

Results of high-transverse-momentum charged-hadron production in 400-GeV/c proton-proton and proton-deuteron collisions and 800-GeV/c proton-proton collisions are presented. The transverse-momentum range of the data is from 5.2 to 9.0 GeV/c for the 400-GeV/c collisions and from 3.6 to 11.0 GeV/c for the 800-GeV/c collisions; the data are centered around 90° in the proton-nucleon center-of-momentum system. Single-pion invariant cross sections and particle ratios were measured at both energies. The results are compared to previous experiments and the Lund model.

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Production of Kaons, Protons, and anti-Protons with Large Transverse Momentum in p p and p d Collisions at 200-GeV, 300-GeV, and 400-GeV.

Antreasyan, D. ; Cronin, J.W. ; Frisch, Henry J. ; et al.
Phys.Rev.Lett. 38 (1977) 115-117, 1977.
Inspire Record 123318 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.3236

The ratios of K+, K−, p, and p¯ yields to pion yields at transverse momenta (p⊥) ranging from 0.77 to 6.91 GeV/c arepresented for 200-, 300-, and 400-GeV p−p and 400-GeV p−d collisions. The dependences of the particle ratios on p⊥ and the scaling variable x⊥=2p⊥s are discussed.

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Multiplicity dependence of charged pion, kaon, and (anti)proton production at large transverse momentum in p-Pb collisions at $\mathbf{\sqrt{{\textit s}_{\rm NN}}}$ = 5.02 TeV

The ALICE collaboration Adam, Jaroslav ; Adamova, Dagmar ; Aggarwal, Madan Mohan ; et al.
Phys.Lett.B 760 (2016) 720-735, 2016.
Inspire Record 1415274 DOI 10.17182/hepdata.73749

The production of charged pions, kaons and (anti)protons has been measured at mid-rapidity ($-0.5 y 0$) in p-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=5.02$ TeV using the ALICE detector at the LHC. Exploiting particle identification capabilities at high transverse momentum ($p_{\rm T}$), the previously published $p_{\rm T}$ spectra have been extended to include measurements up to 20 GeV/$c$ for seven event multiplicity classes. The $p_{\rm T}$ spectra for pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7$ TeV, needed to interpolate a pp reference spectrum, have also been extended up to 20 GeV/$c$ to measure the nuclear modification factor ($R_{\rm pPb}$) in non-single diffractive p-Pb collisions. At intermediate transverse momentum ($2 p_{\rm T} 10$\,GeV/$c$) the proton-to-pion ratio increases with multiplicity in p-Pb collisions, a similar effect is not present in the kaon-to-pion ratio. The $p_{\rm T}$ dependent structure of such increase is qualitatively similar to those observed in pp and heavy-ion collisions. At high $p_{\rm T}$ ($>10$ GeV/$c$), the particle ratios are consistent with those reported for pp and Pb-Pb collisions at the LHC energies. At intermediate $p_{\rm T}$ the (anti)proton $R_{\rm pPb}$ shows a Cronin-like enhancement, while pions and kaons show little or no nuclear modification. At high $p_{\rm T}$ the charged pion, kaon and (anti)proton $R_{\rm pPb}$ are consistent with unity within statistical and systematic uncertainties.

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