The differential cross sections of π − and π + meson production at a laboratory angle of 159° in collisions of 15–65 GeV protons with Be, C, Al, Ti, Mo and W targets are measured. The data are presented in the tables for Lorentz-invariant cross sections over the momentum range of pions from 0.25 to 0.95 GeV/ c . The slopes (“temperatures”) of a cumulative part of the pion spectra (the pion kinetic energy is >0.35 GeV) increase by 15–20% with changing A from 9 up to 184. Some discrepancy in the E -dependence of the temperature of the cumulative pion spectra is observed in the high-energy region studied, namely the temperature at 15–65 GeV, taking its slow rise over this range into account, contradicts that at 400 GeV.
Measurements of the invariant cross section Ed3σd3p are presented for the production of hadrons (π, K, p, and p¯) at large transverse momentum (p⊥) by 200-, 300-, and 400-GeV protons incident on H2, D2, Be, Ti, and W targets. The measurements were made at a laboratory angle of 77 mrad, which corresponds to angles near 90° in the c.m. system of the incident proton and a single nucleon at rest. The range in p⊥ for the data is 0.77≤p⊥≤6.91 GeV/c, corresponding to values of the scaling variable x⊥=2p⊥s from 0.06 to 0.64. For p−p collisions, the pion cross sections can be represented in the region x⊥>35 by the form (1p⊥n)(1−x⊥)b, with n=8 and b=9. The ratio of π+ to π− production grows as a function of x⊥ to a value larger than 2 at x⊥≳0.5. The ratios of the production of K+ and protons to π+ and of K− and antiprotons to π− also scale with x⊥ for p−p collisions. The K±, p, and p¯ fitted values for n and b are given. Particle ratios are also presented for D2, Be, Ti, and W targets and the dependences on atomic weight (A) are discussed.