Detailed differential measurements of the elliptic flow for particles produced in Au+Au and Cu+Cu collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 200 GeV are presented. Predictions from perfect fluid hydrodynamics for the scaling of the elliptic flow coefficient v_2 with eccentricity, system size and transverse energy are tested and validated. For transverse kinetic energies KE_T ~ m_T-m up to ~1 GeV, scaling compatible with the hydrodynamic expansion of a thermalized fluid is observed for all produced particles. For large values of KE_T, the mesons and baryons scale separately. A universal scaling for the flow of both mesons and baryons is observed for the full transverse kinetic energy range of the data when quark number scaling is employed. In both cases the scaling is more pronounced in terms of KE_T rather than transverse momentum.
$v_2$ vs. $p_T$ for charged hadrons for Au+Au collisions.
$v_2$ vs. $p_T$ for charged hadrons for Cu+Cu collisions.
$v_2$ vs. $p_T$ for charged hadrons. divided by $k$ times ($k = 3.1$) the $p_T$-integrated $v_2$ (centrality) for Au+Au and Cu+Cu collisions.
Measurements of inclusive production of the Lambda, Xi- and Xi*(1530) baryons in two-photon collisions with the L3 detector at LEP are presented. The inclusive differential cross sections for Lambda and Xi- are measured as a function of the baryon transverse momentum, pt, and pseudo-rapidity, eta. The mean number of Lambda, Xi- and Xi*(1530) baryons per hadronic two-photon event is determined in the kinematic range 0.4 GeV < pt< 2.5 GeV, |eta| < 1.2. Overall agreement with the theoretical models and Monte Carlo predictions is observed. A search for inclusive production of the pentaquark theta+(1540) in two-photon collisions through the decay theta+ -> proton K0s is also presented. No evidence for production of this state is found.
Differential cross section for LAMBDA production.
Differential cross section for LAMBDA production.
Differential cross section for XI- production.
We present a measurement of the $e^+e^-\to K_SK_L$ cross section in the energy range $\sqrt{s}=1.04 \div 1.38$ GeV. For the energy $\sqrt{s}\geq 1.2$ GeV the cross section exceeds vector meson dominance model predictions with only $\rho(770)$, $\omega(783)$, and $\phi(1020)$ mesons taken into account. Measured cross section agrees well with previous measurements.
The Born cross section for the process E+ E- --> KS KL.
In experiment with the SND detector at VEPP-2M $e^+e^-$ collider the $e^+e^-\to\eta\gamma$ cross section was measured in the energy range $E$=0.60--1.38 GeV with the integrated luminosity of 27.8 pb$^{-1}$. The measured cross section is well described by the vector meson dominance model with contributions from the $\rho(770)$, $\omega(783)$, $\phi(1020)$, $\rho^{\prime}(1465)$ resonances and agrees with results of previous measurements. The decay probabilities $\BR(\phi\to\eta\gamma)$, $\BR(\omega\to\eta\gamma)$ and $\BR(\rho\to\eta\gamma)$ were measured with the accuracies better than or comparable to the world averages.
Cross section from the ETA --> 3PI0 decay mode.
Cross section from the ETA --> PI+ PI- PI0 decay mode.
We present an improved measurement of the double helicity asymmetry for pi^0 production in polarized proton-proton scattering at sqrt(s) = 200 GeV employing the PHENIX detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). The improvements to our previous measurement come from two main factors: Inclusion of a new data set from the 2004 RHIC run with higher beam polarizations than the earlier run and a recalibration of the beam polarization measurements, which resulted in reduced uncertainties and increased beam polarizations. The results are compared to a Next to Leading Order (NLO) perturbative Quantum Chromodynamics (pQCD) calculation with a range of polarized gluon distributions.
Run-3+Run-4 combined results on $A^{\pi^0}_{LL}$ versus mean $p_T$ in each bin. Not included in the figure/table: the correlated for all points scale systematic uncertainty of 18% (scales both the values and stat. uncertainties by the same factor).
The reactions gamma gamma -> pi^+pi^-pi^+pi^- and gamma gamma -> pi^+pi^0pi^-pi^0 are studied with the L3 detector at LEP in a data sample collected at centre-of-mass energies from 161GeV to 209GeV with a total integrated luminosity of 698/pb. A spin-parity-helicity analysis of the rho^0 rho^0 and rho^+ rho^- systems for two-photon centre-of-mass energies between 1GeV and 3GeV shows the dominance of the spin-parity state 2+ with helicity 2. The contribution of 0+ and 0- spin-parity states is also observed, whereas contributions of 2- states and of a state with spin-parity 2+ and zero helicity are found to be negligible.
Cross section for 4PI and (RHO0 RHO0) production.
Cross section for 4PI and (RHO+ RHO-) production.
Spin parity analysis fits for RHO0 RHO0.
Hadron production and lepton-pair production in e+e- collisions are studied with data collected with the L3 detector at LEP at centre-of-mass energies sqrt{s}=192-208GeV. Using a total integrated luminosity of 453/pb, 36057 hadronic events and 12863 lepton-pair events are selected. The cross sections for hadron production and lepton-pair production are measured for the full sample and for events where no high-energy initial-state-radiation photon is emitted prior to the collisions. Lepton-pair events are further investigated and forward-backward asymmetries are measured. Finally, the differential cross sections for electron-positron pair-production is determined as a function of the scattering angle. An overall good agreement is found with Standard Model predictions.
Measured hadron cross section for the inclusive data sample.
Measured hadron cross section for the high-energy data sample.
Measured MU+ MU- cross section for the inclusive data sample.
We report on the first measurement of the single spin analyzing power (A_N) at sqrt(s)=200GeV, obtained by the pp2pp experiment using polarized proton beams at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). Data points were measured in the four momentum transfer t range 0.01 < |t| < 0.03 (GeV/c)^2. Our result, averaged over the whole t-interval is about one standard deviation above the calculation, which uses interference between electromagnetic spin-flip amplitude and hadronic non-flip amplitude, the source of A_N. The difference could be explained by an additional contribution of a hadronic spin-flip amplitude to A_N.
The single spin analyzing power for 3 T intervals.
The cross section of the process e^+e^-\to \pi^+\pi^- was measured in the SND experiment at the VEPP-2M collider in the energy region 400<\sqrt[]{s}<1000 MeV. This measurement was based on about 12.4 \times 10^6 selected collinear events, which include 7.4\times 10^6 e^+e^-\to e^+e^-, 4.5\times 10^6 e^+e^-\to\pi^+\pi^- and 0.5\times 10^6 e^+e^-\to\mu^+\mu^- selected events. The systematic uncertainty of the cross section determination is 1.3 %. The \rho-meson parameters were determined: m_\rho=774.9\pm 0.4\pm 0.5 MeV, \Gamma_\rho=146.5\pm 0.8\pm 1.5 MeV, \sigma(\rho\to\pi^+\pi^-)=1220\pm 7\pm 16 nb as well as the parameters of the G-parity suppressed decay \omega\to\pi^+\pi^-: \sigma(\omega\to\pi^+\pi^-)=29.9\pm 1.4\pm 1.0 nb and \phi_{\rho\omega} = 113.5\pm 1.3\pm 1.7 degree.
Cross section taking into account the radiative corrections due to the initial and final state radiation.
Cross section and form factor after the radiative corrections have been undressed.
Undressed cross without vacuum polarization but with the final state radiation.
Compton scattering of quasi-real virtual photons, gamma e+- -> gamma e+-, is studied with 0.6fb-1 of data collected by the L3 detector at the LEP e+e- collider at centre-of-mass energies root(s')=189-209GeV. About 4500 events produced by the interaction of virtual photons emitted by e+- of one beam with e-+ of the opposite beam are collected for effective centre-of-mass energies of the photon-electron and photon-positron systems in the range from root(s')= 35GeV up to root(s')=175GeV, the highest energy at which Compton scattering was ever probed. The cross sections of the gamma e+- -> gamma e+- process as a function of root(s') and of the rest-frame scattering angle are measured, combined with previous L3 measurements down to root(s')~20GeV, and found to agree with the QED expectations.
Measured Compton scattering cross section as a function of the effective centre of mass of the photon-electron system. THETA(RF=CM) is the electron rest frame scattering angle.
The measured angular distribution over the photon-electron centre of mass energy range 35 to 175 GeV.
The measured Compton scattering cross section using the full data sample including the lower energy data from Acciarri et al. PL B439(1998)183. Errors are combined statistics and systematics.
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