Inclusive π±, K± and\((p,\bar p)\) differential cross-sections in hadronic decays of the Z have been measured as a function ofz=Phadron/Pbeam, the scaled momentum. The results are based on approximately 520 000 events measured by the ALEPH detector at LEP during 1992. Charged particles are identified by their rate of ionization energy loss in the ALEPH Time Projection Chamber. The position, ξ*, of the peak in the ln(1/z) distribution is determined, and the evolution of the peak position with centre-of-mass energy is compared with the prediction of QCD.
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The production cross sections for the Λ, Σ0, Ξ−, Σ0 (1385), Ξ0 (1530) and Ω− hyperons have been measured, both in the continuum and in direct ϒ decays. Baryon rates in direct ϒ decays are enhanced by a factor of 2.5 or more compared to the continuum. Such a large baryon enhancement cannot be explained by standard fragmentation models. The strangeness suppression for baryons and mesons turns out to be the same. A strong suppression of spin 3/2 states is observed.
Hyperon rates per multihadronic event in direct UPSILON decays.
Hyperon rates per multihadronic event in the continuum.
LAMBDA spectrum (1/SIG(had))*D(SIG)/D(X) for UPSILON (1S) direct decays, with X = P/Pmax.
We present stdies of events triggered on two high-pT jets, produced inpp collisions at the CERN Intersecting Storage Rings (ISR) at\(\sqrt s \)=63 GeV, using a large solid angle calorimeter. The cross-section for producing two jets is measured in the dijet mass range 17–50 GeV/c2. A high-statistics sample of dijet events, where each jet has transverse energy above 10 GeV, is used to study the structure of jets and the associated event. We find the longitudinal fragmentation function to be similar to that of jets emerging frome+e− collisions but considerably harder than that observed at the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS)\(p\bar p\) Collider. A steepening of the fragmentation function is observed when increasing the jet energy. Studies of the charge distribution in jets show that these predominantly originate from fragmenting valence quarks. The transverse energy and particle flows are presented as functions of the azimuthal distance from the jet axis.
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FRAGMENTATION FUNCTION FOR ET(JET) > 10 GEV.
The measurements of the z and p T 2 distribution of hadrons produced in the interactions of 200 GeV muons with copper and carbon nuclei are shown in different x Bj and virtual photon energy intervals. Effects of the jet scattering are seen at the lowest virtual photon energies while for energies above 70 GeV there is no evidence of these effects. Comparison with a theoretical model indicates that at high jet energies the parton fragmentation distance is greater than the nuclear radius and that the parton absorption cross section is less than 10 mb.
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NUMBER OF K0S PER EVENT IN THE UPSILON REGION.
NUMBER OF ANTI(LAMBDA)S PER EVENT IN THE UPSILON REGION. FOR UPSI(4S) RESULTS SEE 'A'.
DSIG/DP DISTRIBUTIONS FOR K0 AND (ANTI) LAMBDA PRODUCTION AT THE UPSILON RESONANCES.
Inclusive ϱ 0 meson production has been measured in 120 GeV and 280 GeV muon-proton interactions. Distributions of z and p T 2 are presented. Primary ϱ 0 production is found to be equal to that of π 0 production within errors.
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We have studied inclusive production of KS0, Λ, and Λ¯ particles in 20-GeV γp interactions and have found features similar to those observed in both hadronic and leptonic interactions. The production cross sections, charged-particle multiplicities, and average Λ polarization are reported. Inclusive distributions of x and pT are shown and discussed in terms of quark fragmentation models. Production cross sections for K*(890) and Σ*(1385) are also reported.
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Thez andpT2 distributions of π0 mesons produced by the interaction of 200 GeV muons on hydrogen are presented. Comparisons are made with other π0 and charged hadron data and with the predictions of perturbative QCD. The data show a rise of 〈pT2〉 withW2 which is consistent with QCD, and withz2 which requires a contribution from a primordialkT. The fraction of total energy which appears as π0 mesons is 0.27±0.05.
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Inclusive production of (D0, D¯0) and D± mesons have been observed in e+e− annihilation at 29 GeV. The signals correspond to R values of R(D0+D¯0)=3.25±1.2 and R(D++D−)=1.35±0.6. D*± production is also observed via the process D*+→D0π+ and its charge conjugate. The D and D* production rates are compared.
EXTRAPOLATION TO ALL Z.
EXTRAPOLATION TO ALL Z.
EXTRAPOLATION TO ALL Z.
Dimuon and trimuon events produced by the interaction of 250 GeV muons in an iron target have been studied and are shown to originate predominantly from charm production. The data are used to measure the contribution of charm to the nucleon structure function F 2 . The cross sections for real photoproduction ( Q 2 =0) of charm in the current fragmentation region are derived as a function of photon energy and are found to be ∼0.6% of the total, hadronic photoproduction cross section in this energy range. The measured cross sections are found to be well represented by the photon-gluon fusion model. The charmed quark fragmentation function is obtained by using this model to fit the measured decay muon energy distribution and is found to be well represented by exp(1.6±1.6) Z . The data are used to study the momentum distribution of the gluons in the nucleon. An upper limit of 1.4% (90% confidence level) is set on the branching ratio D→ μν and a model-dependent upper limit on the branching ratio F→ μν is derived.
The charm contribution to the nucleon structure function from the dimuon data.
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