The total photoabsorption cross section for 4He has been measured for the first time over a wide photon energy range (200 MeV<~Eγ<~800 MeV). By using the large acceptance detector DAPHNE at the tagged photon facility of the MAMI microtron in Mainz high precision results with small systematic errors were obtained. This measurement shows that 4He has a behavior similar to heavy nuclei and, in particular, a reduction of the cross section with respect to the lighter nuclei is found for Eγ>600 MeV.
No description provided.
Results from a 4π solid angle measurement of the reactions 3He(π+,ppp) and 4He(π+,ppp)n at incident pion energies of Tπ+=70, 118, 162, 239, and 330 MeV are presented. For 3He the total absorption cross sections and their decomposition into two-proton and three-proton components are evaluated; for 4He the three-proton absorption cross sections are given. The differential distributions of the three-proton multinucleon absorption mode of both nuclei are analyzed and compared to each other by making use of a complete set of variables. The data are investigated for signatures of initial and final state interactions: it is found that more than half of the three-proton yield cannot be accounted for by cascade mechanisms. The remaining strength shows dependence on the incident pion angular momentum, but also structures that are not explained by simple semiclassical models.
Absorption cross section. Total errors are presented.
First and second errors are due to fits and normalization uncertainties, respectively.
First and second errors are due to fits and normalization uncertainties, respectively.
The experimental setup and detection technique of the COSY-11 installation, an internal experimental facility at the cooler synchrotron and storage ring COSY Jülich, are described. The detection system has been designed for meson production studies with full geometrical acceptance close to threshold. Preliminary results of first measurements are presented, emphasis is put on strangeness production in the reactions pp → ppK + K − and pp → pK + Λ .
Excess energy of 6.1 MeV above threshold 3.3016 GeV.
Excess energy of 2 MeV above threshold 2.339 GeV.
The double strangeness exchange reaction ( K − , K + ) is investigated with respect to the sub-threshold production of scalar and vector mesons ( f 0 / a 0 / φ ) decaying into K + K − and the two-step processes induced by intermediate mesons and Ξ − hyperons at p k − = 1.66 GeV/ c using a scintillating fiber active target. The differential cross section ( 〈 dσ dΩ L 〉) averaged over the angular interval (2.3° ⩽ θ K + L ⩽ 14.7°) for the sub-threshold f 0 / a 0 / φ meson production with the K + K − decay is 11 ± 6 μ b/sr at 0.6 ⩽ p K 1 < 0.95 GeV/ c . The present result differs significantly from the theoretical calculation which predicts the contribution of the f 0 / a 0 / φ meson production to be predominant in the ( K − , K + ) reaction below p K + = 0.95 GeV/ c . We found a sizable contribution from two-step ( K − , K + processes, characterized by production of two S = −1 hyperons, consistent with the result of the intra-nuclear cascade (INC) model calculation with respect to the meson-induced hyperon (or hyperon resonance) pair production in the momentum region 0.6 ⩽ p K + < 0.95 GeV/ c . The observed enhancement of the cross section for the two-step ΛΛ production beyond the prediction of the INC model at p K + ⋍ 1.1 GeV /c could be due to the Ξ − p → ΛΛ reaction in 12 C.
No description provided.
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We report the first observation of diffractively produced W bosons. In a sample of W -> e nu events produced in p-barp collisions at sqrt{s}=1.8 TeV, we find an excess of events with a forward rapidity gap, which is attributed to diffraction. The probability that this excess is consistent with non-diffractive production is 1.1 10^{-4} (3.8 sigma). The relatively low fraction of W+Jet events observed within this excess implies that mainly quarks from the pomeron, which mediates diffraction, participate in W production. The diffractive to non-diffractive W production ratio is found to be R_W=(1.15 +/- 0.55)%.
No description provided.
We present an improved determination of the proton structure functions $F_{2}$ and $xF_{3}$ from the CCFR $\nu $-Fe deep inelastic scattering (DIS) experiment. Comparisons to high-statistics charged-lepton scattering results for $F_{2}$ from the NMC, E665, SLAC, and BCDMS experiments, after correcting for quark-charge and heavy-target effects, indicate good agreement for $x>0.1$ but some discrepancy at lower x. The $Q^{2}$ evolution of the structure functions yields the quantum chromodynamics (QCD) scale parameter $\Lambda_{\bar{MS}}^{NLO,(4)}=337 \pm 28$(exp.) MeV. This corresponds to a value of the strong coupling constant at the scale of mass of the Z-boson of $\alpha _{S}(M_{Z}^{2})=0.119 \pm 0.002 (exp.) \pm 0.004 (theory)$ and is one of the most precise measurements of this quantity.
No description provided.
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We measured the in flight annihilation frequencies and cross sections of reactions n p → π + π 0 ,π + η and K + K S in the antineutron momentum range between 50 and 400 MeV/c. The annihilation frequencies of these channels from the different allowed initial states were calculated and some information about the n p annihilation dynamics were obtained. The first determination of the D-wave contribution in this momentum range was also obtained.
No description provided.
Using data collected from 1992 to 1995 with the ALEPH detector at LEP, a measurement of the colour factor ratios CA/CF and TF /CF and the strong coupling constant αs = CFαs(MZ)/(2π) has been performed by fitting theoretical predictions simultaneously to the measured differential two-jet rate and angular distributions in four-jet events. The result is found to be in excellent agreement with QCD, {fx4-1} Fixing CA/CF and TF/CF to the QCD values permits a determination of αs(MZ) and ηf, the number of active flavours. With this measurement the existence of a gluino with mass below 6.3 GeV/c2 is excluded at 95% confidence level.
Fit A: using all kinematical distributions. NC, CF, and TF are the color factors for SU(3) group, NF is the number of the active flavors.
Fit B: using all kinematical distributions, but QCD magnitudes for color factors are used: FA(DEF=NC/CF)) = 2.25 and TF/CF = 0.375. NC, CF, and TF are the color factors for SU(3) group, NF is the number of the active flavors.
Fit C: the QCD magnitudes for color factors and NF = 5 are used.
The Drell-Yan and J ψ cross-sections measured in PbPb collisions are compared with the values extrapolated from the results obtained in proton and light ion induced reactions. While the Drell-Yan production exhibits the normal expected behaviour, the yield of J ψ in PbPb interactions is abnormally low, as it lies 9 standard deviations below the expected value. Moreover, the departure from the expected behaviour increases significantly from peripheral to central collisions.
The results from other experiments are also presented.
Different data are rescaled at 200 GeV.
A partial wave analysis of p̄p → π 0 π 0 η ′ has been performed using the η′ → π 0 π 0 η and η ′ → γγ decay modes. The data are dominated by an η ′ recoiling against the ( ππ ) S-wave. In addition, α 2 (1320) → η′π 0 is needed. There is evidence for contributions from α 0 (1450) → η′π 0 . The branching ratio of α 0 (1450) → η′π 0 with respect to ηπ 0 is consistent with the prediction of SU(3).
No description provided.
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