Reconstruction level differential cross section spectla, obtained for the central acceptance, $|\eta| < 3$, for events with Pomeron-Proton ($\mathrm{I\!P}\mathrm{p} + \gamma \mathrm{p}$) topology compared to the to the EPOS-LHC predictions, broken down into the non-diffractive (ND), central diffractive (CD), single diffractive (SD) and double diffractive (DD) components. Forward Rapidity Gap definition: $|\eta| < 2.5$: $p_{T}^{track} < 200$ MeV and $\sum \limits_{bin} E^{PF} < 6$ GeV $|\eta| \in [2.5,3.0]$: $\sum \limits_{bin} E_{neutral}^{PF} < 13.4$ GeV

The number of high purity tracksin the first $\eta$ bin after a gap of $4.5 \leq \Delta\eta^F < 5.0$ for events with the Pomeron-Proton ($\mathrm{I\!P}\mathrm{p} + \gamma \mathrm{p}$) topology Forward Rapidity Gap definition: $|\eta| < 2.5$: $p_{T}^{track} < 200$ MeV and $\sum \limits_{bin} E^{PF} < 6$ GeV $|\eta| \in [2.5,3.0]$: $\sum \limits_{bin} E_{neutral}^{PF} < 13.4$ GeV

The transeverse momentum of high purity tracksin the first $\eta$ bin after a gap of $4.5 \leq \Delta\eta^F < 5.0$ for events with the Pomeron-Proton ($\mathrm{I\!P}\mathrm{p} + \gamma \mathrm{p}$) topology Forward Rapidity Gap definition: $|\eta| < 2.5$: $p_{T}^{track} < 200$ MeV and $\sum \limits_{bin} E^{PF} < 6$ GeV $|\eta| \in [2.5,3.0]$: $\sum \limits_{bin} E_{neutral}^{PF} < 13.4$ GeV

The total energy of all Particle Flow candidatesin the first $\eta$ bin after a gap of $4.5 \leq \Delta\eta^F < 5.0$ for events with the Pomeron-Proton ($\mathrm{I\!P}\mathrm{p} + \gamma \mathrm{p}$) topology Forward Rapidity Gap definition: $|\eta| < 2.5$: $p_{T}^{track} < 200$ MeV and $\sum \limits_{bin} E^{PF} < 6$ GeV $|\eta| \in [2.5,3.0]$: $\sum \limits_{bin} E_{neutral}^{PF} < 13.4$ GeV

Unfolded diffraction enhanced differential cross section for events with Pomeron-Lead ($\mathrm{I\!P}\mathrm{Pb}$) topology, defined on the region $|\eta| < 5.2$, compared to hadron level predictions of the MC generators. The data are corrected for the contribution from events with undetectable energy in the HF calorimeter adjacent to the rapidity gap. The corrections are obtained using the EPOS-LHC MC sample. Forward Rapidity Gap definition: $|\eta| < 2.5$: $p_{T}^{track} < 200$ MeV and $\sum \limits_{bin} E^{PF} < 6$ GeV $|\eta| \in [2.5,3.0]$: $\sum \limits_{bin} E_{neutral}^{PF} < 13.4$ GeV $|\eta| > 3.0$: No particles

Unfolded diffraction enhanced differential cross section for events with Pomeron-Proton ($\mathrm{I\!P}\mathrm{p} + \gamma \mathrm{p}$) topology, defined on the region $|\eta| < 5.2$, compared to hadron level predictions of the MC generators. The data are corrected for the contribution from events with undetectable energy in the HF calorimeter adjacent to the rapidity gap. The corrections are obtained using the EPOS-LHC MC sample. Forward Rapidity Gap definition: $|\eta| < 2.5$: $p_{T}^{track} < 200$ MeV and $\sum \limits_{bin} E^{PF} < 6$ GeV $|\eta| \in [2.5,3.0]$: $\sum \limits_{bin} E_{neutral}^{PF} < 13.4$ GeV $|\eta| > 3.0$: No particles

Unfolded diffractive enhanced differential cross section spectla for events with Pomeron-Lead ($\mathrm{I\!P}\mathrm{Pb}$) topology, compared to the to the hadron-level EPOS-LHC predictions, broken down into the non-diffractive (ND), central diffractive (CD), single diffractive (SD) and double diffractive (DD) components. Forward Rapidity Gap definition: $|\eta| < 2.5$: $p_{T}^{track} < 200$ MeV and $\sum \limits_{bin} E^{PF} < 6$ GeV $|\eta| \in [2.5,3.0]$: $\sum \limits_{bin} E_{neutral}^{PF} < 13.4$ GeV $|\eta| > 3.0$: No particles

Unfolded diffractive enhanced differential cross section spectla for events with Pomeron-Proton ($\mathrm{I\!P}\mathrm{p} + \gamma \mathrm{p}$) topology, compared to the to the hadron-level EPOS-LHC predictions, broken down into the non-diffractive (ND), central diffractive (CD), single diffractive (SD) and double diffractive (DD) components. Forward Rapidity Gap definition: $|\eta| < 2.5$: $p_{T}^{track} < 200$ MeV and $\sum \limits_{bin} E^{PF} < 6$ GeV $|\eta| \in [2.5,3.0]$: $\sum \limits_{bin} E_{neutral}^{PF} < 13.4$ GeV $|\eta| > 3.0$: No particles

Unfolded diffractive enhanced differential cross section spectla for events with Pomeron-Lead ($\mathrm{I\!P}\mathrm{Pb}$) topology, compared to the to the hadron-level QGSJET II predictions, broken down into the non-diffractive (ND), central diffractive (CD), single diffractive (SD) and double diffractive (DD) components. Forward Rapidity Gap definition: $|\eta| < 2.5$: $p_{T}^{track} < 200$ MeV and $\sum \limits_{bin} E^{PF} < 6$ GeV $|\eta| \in [2.5,3.0]$: $\sum \limits_{bin} E_{neutral}^{PF} < 13.4$ GeV $|\eta| > 3.0$: No particles

Unfolded diffractive enhanced differential cross section spectla for events with Pomeron-Proton ($\mathrm{I\!P}\mathrm{p} + \gamma \mathrm{p}$) topology, compared to the to the hadron-level QGSJET II predictions, broken down into the non-diffractive (ND), central diffractive (CD), single diffractive (SD) and double diffractive (DD) components. Forward Rapidity Gap definition: $|\eta| < 2.5$: $p_{T}^{track} < 200$ MeV and $\sum \limits_{bin} E^{PF} < 6$ GeV $|\eta| \in [2.5,3.0]$: $\sum \limits_{bin} E_{neutral}^{PF} < 13.4$ GeV $|\eta| > 3.0$: No particles

Reconstruction level diffraction enhanced differential cross section spectrum for Pomeron-Proton ($\mathrm{I\!P}\mathrm{p} + \gamma \mathrm{p}$) topology corrected for the contribution from events with undetectable energy in the HF calorimeter adjacent to the rapidity gap, compared with the spectrum obtained with events satisfying the ZDC veto requirement $E_{ZDC−} < 1 \mathrm{~TeV}$ which selects only the events without lead nuclear break up (without correction for HF undetectable energy). Forward Rapidity Gap definition: $|\eta| < 2.5$: $p_{T}^{track} < 200$ MeV and $\sum \limits_{bin} E^{PF} < 6$ GeV $|\eta| \in [2.5,3.0]$: $\sum \limits_{bin} E_{neutral}^{PF} < 13.4$ GeV $|\eta| > 3.0$: No particles

Bayesian upper exclusion limits on the ratio $g_{W'}/g_{W}$ for an SSM-like W$\prime$ boson are shown. The unity coupling ratio (blue dotted curve) corresponds to the SSM common benchmark. The 68 and 95% quantiles of the limits are represented by the green and yellow bands, respectively.

Bayesian lower exclusion limits on the NUGIM G(221) mixing angle $\cot(\theta_{E})$ are shown as a function of the W$\prime$ boson mass. The theoretically excluded region is shaded in grey. The 68 and 95% quantiles of the limits are represented by the green and yellow bands, respectively.

Bayesian upper exclusion limits at 95% CL on the product of the production cross section and branching fraction of a QBH in an associated $ au$ lepton and neutrino final state. Minimum threshold masses $m_{th}$ of up to 6.6 TeV are excluded at 95% CL. The observed limit (solid line) is obtained from the intersection with the LO QBH cross section (blue dotted curve). The 68 and 95% quantiles of the limits are represented by the green and yellow bands, respectively.

Bayesian upper limits at 95% CL on the cross section of the process $pp\rightarrow\tau\nu$ mediated via LQ exchange in the t-channel. The inner (green) band and the outer (yellow) band indicate the regions containing 68 and 95%, respectively, of the distribution of limits expected under the background-only hypothesis. The predicted LQ cross section at LO in the three coupling benchmark scenarios is depicted in different colors for $g_{U}=1$. The uncertainty bandy correspond to the sum in quadrature of PDF and scale variations. The first benchmark scenario considers only couplings to left-handed SM fermions (i.e. $\beta_{\text{R}}^{ij}=0$) and is referred to as "best fit LH". The second benchmark, referred to as "best fit LH+RH", considers $|\beta_{\text{R}}^{\text{b}\tau}|=1$ and all other $\beta_{\text{R}}^{ij}=0$. In the third "democratic" benchmark, equal couplings only to LH fermions are assumed, i.e. $\beta_{\text{L}}^{ij}=1$ and $\beta_{\text{R}}^{ij}=0$ for all $i$ and $j$.

Expected and observed lower limits of the LQ mass as a function of the coupling $g_{U}$ in the LH scenario. The blue band shows the 68% and 95% regions of $g_{U}$ preferred by the fit to the b anomalies data.

Expected and observed lower limits of the LQ mass as a function of the coupling $g_{U}$ in the LH+RH scenario. The blue band shows the 68% and 95% regions of $g_{U}$ preferred by the fit to the b anomalies data.

Expected and observed lower limits of the LQ mass as a function of the coupling $g_{U}$ in the democratic scenario. The blue band shows the 68% and 95% regions of $g_{U}$ preferred by the fit to the b anomalies data.

Bayesian upper exclusion limits at 95% CL on each of the Wilson coefficients described by the EFT model based on 2016-2018 data. The three different coupling types represent a left-handed vector coupling ($\epsilon^{cb}_{L}$), tensor-like coupling ($\epsilon^{cb}_{T}$), and scalar-tensor-like coupling ($\epsilon^{cb}_{S_{L}}$). The 68 and 95% quantiles of the limits are represented by the green and yellow bands, respectively.

Summary of exclusion limits (expected and observed) calculated at 95% CL for full Run-2 CMS data.

Background prediction and observed data yields in the signal region bins. The background yields are obtained from the background-only fit and serve as input to the simplified likelihood reinterpretation scheme. The naming of the bins is "year_binnumber", following the binning from Figure 4.

Matrix of covariance coefficients between signal region bins. The coefficients are obtained from the background-only fit and serve as input to the simplified likelihood reinterpretation scheme. The naming of the bins is "year_binnumber", following the binning used in Figure 4.

Predicted signal yields for the 2017 data-taking period, corresponding to 41.3 fb$^{-1}$, after the application of each search requirement (cumulative) for various signal hypothesis. The requirements listed are presented as total efficiencies w.r.t. the previous selection step.

$V_{n\Delta}$ coefficients for minimum bias events as a function of N$_{\text{trk}}$ for $ 1.0 < p_\mathrm{T} < 3.0 GeV$ in pPb collisions at 8.16 TeV.

Single-particle azimuthal anisotropy $v_2$ for $\gamma$p events as a function of N$_{\text{trk}}$ for $0.3 < p_\mathrm{T} < 3.0 GeV$ in pPb collisions at 8.16 TeV.

Single-particle azimuthal anisotropy $v_2$ for minimum bias events as a function of N$_{\text{trk}}$ for $0.3 < p_\mathrm{T} < 3.0 GeV$ in pPb collisions at 8.16 TeV.

Single-particle azimuthal anisotropy $v_2$ for $\gamma$p events as a function of N$_{\text{trk}}$ for $1.0 < p_\mathrm{T} < 3.0 GeV$ in pPb collisions at 8.16 TeV.

Single-particle azimuthal anisotropy $v_2$ for minimum bias events as a function of N$_{\text{trk}}$ for $1.0 < p_\mathrm{T} < 3.0 GeV$ in pPb collisions at 8.16 TeV.

Differential cross section times dimuon branching fraction of Y(1S) as a function of $y^{Y}_{CM}$ in pPb collisions. The global uncertainty arises from the integrated luminosity uncertainty in pPb collisions.

Differential cross section times dimuon branching fraction of Y(2S) as a function of $y^{Y}_{CM}$ in pPb collisions. The global uncertainty arises from the integrated luminosity uncertainty in pPb collisions.

Differential cross section times dimuon branching fraction of Y(3S) as a function of $y^{Y}_{CM}$ in pPb collisions. The global uncertainty arises from the integrated luminosity uncertainty in pPb collisions.

Differential cross section times dimuon branching fraction of Y(1S) as a function of pT in pp collisions. The global uncertainty arises from the integrated luminosity uncertainty in pp collisions.

Differential cross section times dimuon branching fraction of Y(2S) as a function of pT in pp collisions. The global uncertainty arises from the integrated luminosity uncertainty in pp collisions.

Differential cross section times dimuon branching fraction of Y(3S) as a function of pT in pp collisions. The global uncertainty arises from the integrated luminosity uncertainty in pp collisions.

Differential cross section times dimuon branching fraction of Y(1S) as a function of $|y^{Y}_{CM}|$ in pp collisions. The global uncertainty arises from the integrated luminosity uncertainty in pp collisions.

Differential cross section times dimuon branching fraction of Y(2S) as a function of $|y^{Y}_{CM}|$ in pp collisions. The global uncertainty arises from the integrated luminosity uncertainty in pp collisions.

Differential cross section times dimuon branching fraction of Y(3S) as a function of $|y^{Y}_{CM}|$ in pp collisions. The global uncertainty arises from the integrated luminosity uncertainty in pp collisions.

Nuclear modification factor of Y(1S) as a function of pT. The global uncertainty arises from the integrated luminosity uncertainties in pPb and pp collisions.

Nuclear modification factor of Y(2S) as a function of pT. The global uncertainty arises from the integrated luminosity uncertainties in pPb and pp collisions.

Nuclear modification factor of Y(3S) as a function of pT. The global uncertainty arises from the integrated luminosity uncertainties in pPb and pp collisions.

Nuclear modification factor of Y(1S) as a function of $y^{Y}_{CM}$. The global uncertainty arises from the integrated luminosity uncertainties in pPb and pp collisions.

Nuclear modification factor of Y(2S) as a function of $y^{Y}_{CM}$. The global uncertainty arises from the integrated luminosity uncertainties in pPb and pp collisions.

Nuclear modification factor of Y(3S) as a function of $y^{Y}_{CM}$. The global uncertainty arises from the integrated luminosity uncertainties in pPb and pp collisions.

Nuclear modification factor of Y(1S) at forward and backward $y^{Y}_{CM}$ for pT < 6 GeV/c. The global uncertainty arises from the integrated luminosity uncertainties in pPb and pp collisions.

Nuclear modification factor of Y(2S) at forward and backward $y^{Y}_{CM}$ for pT < 6 GeV/c. The global uncertainty arises from the integrated luminosity uncertainties in pPb and pp collisions.

Nuclear modification factor of Y(3S) at forward and backward $y^{Y}_{CM}$ for pT < 6 GeV/c. The global uncertainty arises from the integrated luminosity uncertainties in pPb and pp collisions.

Nuclear modification factor of Y(1S) at forward and backward $y^{Y}_{CM}$ for 6 < pT < 30 GeV/c. The global uncertainty arises from the integrated luminosity uncertainties in pPb and pp collisions.

Nuclear modification factor of Y(2S) at forward and backward $y^{Y}_{CM}$ for 6 < pT < 30 GeV/c. The global uncertainty arises from the integrated luminosity uncertainties in pPb and pp collisions.

Nuclear modification factor of Y(3S) at forward and backward $y^{Y}_{CM}$ for 6 < pT < 30 GeV/c. The global uncertainty arises from the integrated luminosity uncertainties in pPb and pp collisions.

RFB of Y(1S) versus $N^{|\eta_{lab}|<2.4}_{tracks}$.

RFB of Y(2S) versus $N^{|\eta_{lab}|<2.4}_{tracks}$.

RFB of Y(3S) versus $N^{|\eta_{lab}|<2.4}_{tracks}$.

RFB of Y(1S) versus $E^{|\eta_{lab}|>4}_{T}$.

RFB of Y(2S) versus $E^{|\eta_{lab}|>4}_{T}$.

RFB of Y(3S) versus $E^{|\eta_{lab}|>4}_{T}$.

Nuclear modification factor of Y(1S), Y(2S), and Y(3S) integrated over pT and $y^{Y}_{CM}$. The global uncertainty arises from the integrated luminosity uncertainties in pPb and pp collisions.

Measured diferential cross sections as a function of the transverse momentum of the lepton from the W decay.

Measured diferential cross sections ratio $R=\sigma(W^+ + \overline{c}) / \sigma(W^- + c)$ as a function of the absolute value of the pseudorapidity of the lepton from the W decay.

Measured diferential cross sections ratio $R=\sigma(W^+ + \overline{c}) / \sigma(W^- + c)$ as a function of the transverse momentum of the lepton from the W decay.

Exclusion limit for BrHZX_BrXee

Exclusion limit for BrHZX_BrXmumu

Exclusion limit for BrHZX_BrXll

Exclusion limit for cah

Exclusion limit for cZh

Exclusion limit for kappa