Precise measurements of the spin structure functions of the proton $g_1^p(x,Q^2)$ and deuteron $g_1^d(x,Q^2)$ are presented over the kinematic range $0.0041 \leq x \leq 0.9$ and $0.18 $ GeV$^2$ $\leq Q^2 \leq 20$ GeV$^2$. The data were collected at the HERMES experiment at DESY, in deep-inelastic scattering of 27.6 GeV longitudinally polarized positrons off longitudinally polarized hydrogen and deuterium gas targets internal to the HERA storage ring. The neutron spin structure function $g_1^n$ is extracted by combining proton and deuteron data. The integrals of $g_1^{p,d}$ at $Q^2=5$ GeV$^2$ are evaluated over the measured $x$ range. Neglecting any possible contribution to the $g_1^d$ integral from the region $x \leq 0.021$, a value of $0.330 \pm 0.011\mathrm{(theo.)}\pm0.025\mathrm{(exp.)}\pm 0.028$(evol.) is obtained for the flavor-singlet axial charge $a_0$ in a leading-twist NNLO analysis.
Integrals of G1 for P, DEUT and N targets.. The second DSYS systematic error is due to the uncertainty in the parameterizations (R, F2, A2, Azz, omegaD).. The third DSYS systematic error is due to the uncertainty in evolving to a common Q**2.
Integrals of G1 for the Non-Singlet contributions.. The second DSYS systematic error is due to the uncertainty in the parameterizations (R, F2, A2, Azz, omegaD).. The third DSYS systematic error is due to the uncertainty in evolving to a common Q**2. Axis error includes +- 5.2/5.2 contribution.
Integrals of G1 over different X ranges for P target at various Q*2 values. The second DSYS systematic error is due to the uncertainty in the parameterizations (R, F2, A2, Azz, omegaD).. The third DSYS systematic error is due to the uncertainty in evolving to a common Q**2. Axis error includes +- 5.2/5.2 contribution.
Double-spin asymmetries in the cross section of electroproduction of $\rho^0$ and $\phi$ mesons on the proton and deuteron are measured at the HERMES experiment. The photoabsorption asymmetry in exclusive $\rho^0$ electroproduction on the proton exhibits a positive tendency. This is consistent with theoretical predictions that the exchange of an object with unnatural parity contributes to exclusive $\rho^0$ electroproduction by transverse photons. The photoabsorption asymmetry on the deuteron is found to be consistent with zero. Double-spin asymmetries in $\rho^0$ and $\phi $ meson electroproduction by quasi-real photons were also found to be consistent with zero: the asymmetry in the case of the $\phi$ meson is compatible with a theoretical prediction which involves $s\bar{s}$ knockout from the nucleon.
The photoabsorption asymmetry A1 for exclusive RHO0 production.
The photoabsorption asymmetry A1 for exclusive PHI electroproduction.
The photoabsorption asymmetry A1 for electroproduction of RHO0 mesons by quasi-real photons.
A measurement of the beam-spin asymmetry in the azimuthal distribution of pions produced in semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering off protons is presented. The measurement was performed using the {HERMES} spectrometer with a hydrogen gas target and the longitudinally polarized 27.6 GeV positron beam of HERA. The sinusoidal amplitude of the dependence of the asymmetry on the angle $\phi$ of the hadron production plane around the virtual photon direction relative to the lepton scattering plane was measured for $\pi^+,\pi^-$ and $\pi^0$ mesons. The dependence of this amplitude on the Bjorken scaling variable and on the pion fractional energy and transverse momentum is presented. The results are compared to theoretical model calculations.
Beam SSA as a function of Z, X, hadronic PT and Q**2.
Beam SSA as a function of Z, X, hadronic PT and Q**2.
Beam SSA as a function of Z, X, hadronic PT and Q**2.
The production of η mesons in proton-proton collisions has been studied using the WASA detector at the CELSIUS storage ring at excess energies of Q=40 MeV and Q=72 MeV. The η was detected through its 2γ decay in a near-4π electromagnetic calorimeter, whereas the protons were measured by a combination of straw chambers and plastic scintillator planes in the forward hemisphere. About 6.9×104 and 9.3×104 events were found at Q=40 MeV and Q=72 MeV, respectively, with background contributions of less than 5%. A simple parametrization of the production cross section in terms of low partial waves was used to evaluate the acceptance corrections. Strong evidence was found for the influence of higher partial waves. The Dalitz plots show the presence of p waves in both the pp and the η{pp} systems and the angular distributions of the η in the center-of-mass frame suggest the influence of d-wave η mesons.
Differential cross section for pp -> pp eta at proton beam energies of 1360 and 1445 MeV (excess energies of of 40 and 72 MeV). The angle theta* is that between the eta momentum and that of the beam in the overall CM system. The error shown in the table is the combined statistical and systematic uncertainty, excluding the overall normalization error.
Differential cross section for pp -> pp eta at proton beam energies of 1360 and 1445 MeV (excess energies of of 40 and 72 MeV). The angle theta** is that between the pp relative momentum and that of the eta in the diproton rest frame. The error shown in the table is the combined statistical and systematic uncertainty, excluding the overall normalization error.
Differential cross section for pp -> pp eta at a proton beam energy of 1360 MeV (excess energy Q = 40 MeV) with respect to the square of the final pp invariant mass. Note the change in units with respect to the figure.
The TOTEM experiment has measured the charged particle pseudorapidity density dN_{ch}/deta in pp collisions at sqrt{s} = 7 TeV for 5.3<|eta|<6.4 in events with at least one charged particle with transverse momentum above 40 MeV/c in this pseudorapidity range. This extends the analogous measurement performed by the other LHC experiments to the previously unexplored forward eta region. The measurement refers to more than 99% of non-diffractive processes and to single and double diffractive processes with diffractive masses above ~3.4 GeV/c^2, corresponding to about 95% of the total inelastic cross-section. The dN_{ch}/deta has been found to decrease with |eta|, from 3.84 pm 0.01(stat) pm 0.37(syst) at |eta| = 5.375 to 2.38 pm 0.01(stat) pm 0.21(syst) at |eta| = 6.375. Several MC generators have been compared to data; none of them has been found to fully describe the measurement.
Charged-particle multiplicities in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of mass energy of 7 TeV as a function of pseudorapidity for events with the number of charged particles >=1 having transverse momentum >40 MeV and 5.3< absolute(pseudorapidity) <6.5.
Proton-proton elastic scattering has been measured by the TOTEM experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider at {\surd}s = 7 TeV in dedicated runs with the Roman Pot detectors placed as close as seven times the transverse beam size (sbeam) from the outgoing beams. After careful study of the accelerator optics and the detector alignment, |t|, the square of four-momentum transferred in the elastic scattering process, has been determined with an uncertainty of d t = 0.1GeV p|t|. In this letter, first results of the differential cross section are presented covering a |t|-range from 0.36 to 2.5GeV2. The differential cross-section in the range 0.36 < |t| < 0.47 GeV2 is described by an exponential with a slope parameter B = (23.6{\pm}0.5stat {\pm}0.4syst)GeV-2, followed by a significant diffractive minimum at |t| = (0.53{\pm}0.01stat{\pm}0.01syst)GeV2. For |t|-values larger than ~ 1.5GeV2, the cross-section exhibits a power law behaviour with an exponent of -7.8_\pm} 0.3stat{\pm}0.1syst. When compared to predictions based on the different available models, the data show a strong discriminative power despite the small t-range covered.
The measured differential elastic cross section. Data from the tabulation in CERN-PH-EP-2012-239.
The COMPASS Collaboration at CERN has measured the transverse spin azimuthal asymmetry of charged hadrons produced in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering using a 160 GeV positive muon beam and a transversely polarised NH_3 target. The Sivers asymmetry of the proton has been extracted in the Bjorken x range 0.003<x<0.7. The new measurements have small statistical and systematic uncertainties of a few percent and confirm with considerably better accuracy the previous COMPASS measurement. The Sivers asymmetry is found to be compatible with zero for negative hadrons and positive for positive hadrons, a clear indication of a spin-orbit coupling of quarks in a transversely polarised proton. As compared to measurements at lower energy, a smaller Sivers asymmetry for positive hadrons is found in the region x > 0.03. The asymmetry is different from zero and positive also in the low x region, where sea-quarks dominate. The kinematic dependence of the asymmetry has also been investigated and results are given for various intervals of hadron and virtual photon fractional energy. In contrast to the case of the Collins asymmetry, the results on the Sivers asymmetry suggest a strong dependence on the four-momentum transfer to the nucleon, in agreement with the most recent calculations.
The Sivers asymmetry, from the 2010 data set, for positive hadrons as a function of X for full range. Also shown are the mean values of other variables plus the correlation with the Collins data measurments.
The Sivers asymmetry, from the 2010 data set, for negative hadrons as a function of X for full range. Also shown are the mean values of other variables plus the correlation with the Collins data measurments.
The Sivers asymmetry, from the 2010 data set, for positive hadrons as a function of PT for full range. Also shown are the mean values of other variables plus the correlation with the Collins data measurments.
The ALICE experiment has measured the inclusive J/$\psi$ production in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}} } = 2.76$ TeV down to zero transverse momentum in the rapidity range $2.5 < y < 4$. A suppression of the inclusive J/$\psi$ yield in Pb-Pb is observed with respect to the one measured in pp collisions scaled by the number of binary nucleon-nucleon collisions. The nuclear modification factor, integrated over the 0-80% most central collisions, is $0.545 \pm 0.032 \rm{(stat.)} \pm 0.083 \rm{(syst.)}$ and does not exhibit a significant dependence on the collision centrality. These features appear significantly different from measurements at lower collision energies. Models including J/$\psi$ production from charm quarks in a deconfined partonic phase can describe our data.
Jpsi Nuclear Modification Factor (Raa) measured in Pb-Pb collisions at sqrt(sNN) = 2.76 TeV in 2.5 < y < 4 and pt > 0 GeV/c, as a function of - the average number of participating nucleons (<Npart>), - the average number of participating nucleons (<Npart,w>) weigthed by the average number of binary collisions, - the mid-rapidity charged-particle density measured at pseudo-rapidity eta = 0 dNch,w/deta|eta=0 weigthed by the average number of binary collisions.
Centrality integrated (0%-80%) inclusive Jpsi Nuclear Modification Factor (Raa) measured in Pb-Pb collisions at sqrt(sNN) = 2.76 TeV as a function of rapidity for two transverse momentum ranges.
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The production of the prompt charm mesons $D^0$, $D^+$, $D^{*+}$, and their antiparticles, was measured with the ALICE detector in Pb-Pb collisions at the LHC, at a centre-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=2.76$ TeV per nucleon--nucleon collision. The $p_{\rm T}$-differential production yields in the range $2<p_{\rm T}<16$ GeV/c at central rapidity, $|y|<0.5$, were used to calculate the nuclear modification factor $R_{AA}$ with respect to a proton-proton reference obtained from the cross section measured at $\sqrt{s}=7$ TeV and scaled to $\sqrt{s}=2.76$ TeV. For the three meson species, $R_{AA}$ shows a suppression by a factor 3-4, for transverse momenta larger than 5 GeV/c in the 20% most central collisions. The suppression is reduced for peripheral collisions.
The transverse momentum distribution for prompt D0 mesons in the Centrality range 0-20%. The second (sys) error is the systematic uncertainty from the B feed-down contribution. The first (sys) error is the systematic uncertainty from the other sources.
The transverse momentum distribution for prompt D0 mesons in the Centrality range 40-80%. The second (sys) error is the systematic uncertainty from the B feed-down contribution. The first (sys) error is the systematic uncertainty from the other sources.
The transverse momentum distribution for prompt D+ mesons in the Centrality range 0-20%. The second (sys) error is the systematic uncertainty from the B feed-down contribution. The first (sys) error is the systematic uncertainty from the other sources.
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