We have used the Fermilab 30-in. bubble-chamber-hybrid spectrometer to study neutral-strange-particle production in the interactions of 200-GeV/c protons and π+ and K+ mesons with nuclei of gold, silver, and magnesium. Average multiplicities and inclusive cross sections for K0 and Λ are measured, and a power law is found to give a good description of their A dependence. The exponent characterizing the A dependence is consistent with being the same for K0 and Λ production, and also the same for proton and π+ beams. Average K0 and Λ multiplicities, as well as their ratio, have been measured as functions of the numbers of projectile collisions νp and secondary collisions νs in the nucleus, and indicate that rescattering contributes significantly to enhancement of Λ production but not to K0 production. The properties of events with multiple K0's or Λ's also corroborate this conclusion. K0 rapidities are in the central region and decrease gently with increasing νp, while Λ rapidities are in the target-fragmentation region and are independent of νp. K0 and Λ multiplicities increase with the rapidity loss of the projectile, but their rapidities do not.
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Cross sections are presented for the inclusive production of Λ hyperons in electron-positron annihilations at s=29 GeV based on the full 291-pb−1 sample of data taken in the High Resolution Spectrometer experiment at the SLAC e+e− storage ring PEP. These results, and the associated correlation analyses, are consistent with the Lund model predictions with the strange diquark suppression ratio δ fixed at 0.59±0.10±0.18, as compared to the standard Lund value of 0.32. The Λ multiplicity has been found to be 0.182±0.020 per event. The opposite-strangeness multiplicity 〈nΛΛ¯〉 has been measured to be 0.046±0.020, whereas the like-strangeness multiplicity 〈nΛΛ+Λ¯Λ¯〉 is 0.009±0.028. A strong correlation is found between Λ's and Λ¯'s; when one is found in an event, the other is found in the same event with a probability that exceeds 50%.
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Extrapolate to full z interval using Lund fit.
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This paper presents results on charm photoproduction in the energy interval 40 to 160 GeV, obtained from the high-statistics charm samples of the NA 14/2 experiment at CERN. We measure the charm cross-section, the distributions inxF andp2T and various production ratios and charge asymmetries. The total non-diffractive open-charm cross-section per nucleon is measured to be\(\sigma _{(\gamma N \to c\bar cX)} \) at 〈Eγ〉 =100 GeV. We discuss the photoproduction of charm in terms of theoretical and phenomenological models. We compare the measuredp2T andxF distributions with first-order QCD calculations of photon-gluon fusion and obtain a value for the charm-quark mass ofmc=1.5+0.2−0.1GeV/c2.
D0 cross section assuming branching ratio of D0 --> K- PI+ of 3.65 +- 0.21 PCT.
D+(-) cross section assuming branching ratio of D+ --> K- PI+ PI+ of 8.0 +0.8,-0.7 PCT.
Total non diffractive open charm production cross section allowing for contributions for other charmed particles (D/S and LAMBDA/C). Comparison of data with first order QCD leads to a predicted charm quark mass of 1.5 +0.2,-0.1 GeV.
Results on the multiplicity structure of diffractively excited meson and proton systems in À+/K+p interactions at 250 GeV/c are presented for diffractive masses up to about 9 GeV. The energy dependence of the average charge multiplicity and the shape of the multiplicity distribution in terms of KNO-scaling and negative binomial distribution are investigated. The diffractive systems are compared toe+e−,lh and non-diffractivehh final states as suggested by modern approaches of the Pomeron-hadron collision. Systematic differences are found between diffractive meson and proton systems but also between diffraction and the reactions compared to.
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The value of the strong coupling constant,$$\alpha _s (M_{Z^0 } )$$, is determined from a study of 15 d
Differential jet mass distribution for the heavier jet using method T. The data are corrected for the finite acceptance and resolution of the detector and for initial state photon radiation.
Differential jet mass distribution for the jet mass difference using methodT. The data are corrected for the finite acceptance and resolution of the detec tor and for initial state photon radiation.
Differential jet mass distribution for the heavier jet using method M. The data are corrected for the finite acceptance and resolution of the detector and for initial state photon radiation.
A systematic set of measurements of the global transverse energy distributions, dσ/dET and dET/dη, from beams of protons, O16 and Si28 at 14.6A GeV/c, incident on targets ranging from Be to Au is presented. The detector was a semicircular array of lead-glass blocks, covering polar angles 9°<θ<32°, whose total response provides a good measure of the produced particle yield in the central rapidity region of these reactions. Proton-nucleus spectra exhibit a similar shape on the high-energy tail, independent of target, suggesting that produced particles in such events arise mostly from the first collision of the projectile proton. For targets heavier than Cu, the high-energy edges of the oxygen-nucleus spectra, and of the silicon-nucleus spectra, reach ratios consistent with the geometry of central collisions. Angular distributions, dET/dη, are characterized by Gaussian fits, and an acceptance-independent form of the differential cross section is found, based on the maximum value of dET/dη. The projectile dependence of nucleus-nucleus spectra is studied in terms of two very different models: simple energy scaling and the wounded projectile nucleon model of p+A convolutions.
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The process e + e − →e + e − μ + μ − has been studied in single-tag and double-tag configurations using the TOPAZ detector at TRISTAN. The data correspond to the integrated luminosity of 45.3pb − at center-of-mass energies ranging from 52 to 61.4 GeV. The observed events in both configurations have shown a good agreement with QED predictions in order α 4 . Although the AMY group reported an excess of e + e − →e + e − μ + μ − events in double-tag mode at low muon invariant mass region less than 1.0 GeV/c 2 , we did not observed such excess in our data.
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An experimental study of b-quark jets using high- p T electrons was carried out at √ s =58 GeV with the TOPAZ detector at the e + e − collider TRISTAN at KEK. The forward-backward charge asymmetry of the b-quark was obtained to be A b b ̄ =−0.55±0.27( stat. )±0.07( syst. ) , consistent with the standard model prediction. Also, such jet properties of the b-quark as the average charged multiplicity and the rapidity of charged particles were analyzed. In order to purify the b-quark event samples in this analysis, only events with backward-going electrons or forward-going positrons were used. The energy dependence of these jet properties was studied by making comparisons with the results of the DELCO experiment at the PEP collider (√ s =29 GeV) at SLAC.
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Mean values of jet properties for b-jet sample.
Cross sections were determined in the Δ(1232) excitation region for the reactions 3 He( γ , π + ) 3 H, 3 He (γ, π + ) nd,nnp and 3 He (γ, π − ) ppp at several photon energies and pion emission angles. Inclusive charged-pion photoproduction spectra were measured with a magnetic spectrometer using quasi-monochromatic positron-annihilation photons. Quasi-free mechanisms have been clearly observed, but pion-nucleon and nucleon-nucleon rescattering and Pauli exclusion mechanisms must be considered to explain the trend of the data for the different channels.
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The proton elastic electric and magnetic form factors, GEp(Q2) and GMp(Q2), have been separately measured in the range Q2=1.75 to 8.83 (GeV/c)2, more than doubling the Q2 range of previous data. Scaled by the dipole fit, GD(Q2), the results for GMp(Q2)/μpGD(Q2) decrease smoothly from 1.05 to 0.91, while GEp(Q2)/GD(Q2) is consistent with unity. Comparisons are made to QCD sum rule, diquark, constitutent quark, and vector meson dominance models, none of which agree with all of the new data. The ratio Q2F2/F1 approaches a constant value for Q2>3 (GeV/c)2.
Magnetic form factors.
Electric form factors.
Forum