We have measured the cross section, the angular distribution, and the Λ polarization for the reaction π−p→ΛK0. A spark-chamber spectrometer was used to collect 8400 ΛK0 events at fourteen beam momenta near ΣK threshold. Our data do not show the prominent cross-section enhancement suggested by some previous experiments. However, detailed structure in the cross section and the angular distribution agrees well with a simple model which includes a cusp effect at ΣK threshold.
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BACKWARD-FORWARD PRODUCTION ASYMMETRY.
AVERAGE LAMBDA POLARIZATION.
We have used an optical spark-chamber spectrometer to perform a systematic study of the reaction π−p→ΛK0 at beam momenta between 930 and 1130 MeV/c. The cross section, angular distribution, and Λ polarization have been measured. We present our complete data from a sample of 11 400 events along with Legendre polynomial coefficients for the angular distributions. No striking cross-section enhancement at ΣK threshold is observed, but there is evidence for a small cusp effect. A simple model which takes account of the ΣK channel provides a good fit to our data.
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We present measurements from a spark chamber experiment of the differential cross-sections for p p → π − π + , K − K + at 20 momenta in the range 0.8–2.4 GeV/ c (c.m. energy 2.02 to 2.57 GeV). The c.m. angular range was −0.95 < cos θ ∗ < 0.95 . There are about 2000π − π + events and about 300 K − K + events at each momentum.
ALL ANGLES.
Differential cross sections have been measured for the interactions p p → π − π + and p p → K − K + over a centre of mass angular range −0.95 ⩽ cos θ ∗ ⩽ 0.95 at 20 incident momenta between 0.79 and 2.43 GeV/ c . A magnetic spectrometer with wire spark chambers was used. Typically 2000 π − π + and 300 K − K + events were obtained at each momentum. Results are compared with those from related experiments.
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Inelastic differential cross sections have been measured for π±p, K±p, and p±p at 140- and 175-GeV/c incident momentum over a |t| range from 0.05 to 0.6 GeV2 and covering a missing-mass region from 2.4 to 9 GeV2. For Mx2 greater than 4 GeV2, the invariant quantity Mx2d2σdtdMx2 was found to be independent of Mx2 at fixed t and could be adequately described by a simple triple-Pomeron form. The values obtained for the triple-Pomeron couplings are identical within statistics for all channels.
Data from 140 GeV and 175 GeV are combined. The distributions are fit to CONST*(SLOPE(C=1)*T+SLOPE(C=2)*T**2).
The differential cross sections for the elastic scattering of π+, π−, K+, K−, p, and p¯ on protons have been measured in the t interval -0.04 to -0.75 GeV2 at five momenta: 50, 70, 100, 140, and 175 GeV/c. The t distributions have been parametrized by the quadratic exponential form dσdt=Aexp(B|t|+C|t|2) and the energy dependence has been described in terms of a single-pole Regge model. The pp and K+p diffraction peaks are found to shrink with α′∼0.20 and ∼0.15 GeV−2, respectively. The p¯p diffraction peak is antishrinking while π±p and K−p are relatively energy-independent. Total elastic cross sections are calculated by integrating the differential cross sections. The rapid decline in σel observed at low energies has stopped and all six reactions approach relatively constant values of σel. The ratio of σelσtot approaches a constant value for all six reactions by 100 GeV, consistent with the predictions of the geometric-scaling hypothesis. This ratio is ∼0.18 for pp and p¯p, and ∼0.12-0.14 for π±p and K±p. A crossover is observed between K+p and K−p scattering at |t|∼0.19 GeV2, and between pp and p¯p at |t|∼0.11 GeV2. Inversion of the cross sections into impact-parameter space shows that protons are quite transparent to mesons even in head-on collisions. The probability for a meson to pass through a proton head-on without interaction inelastically is ∼20% while it is only ∼6% for an incident proton or antiproton. Finally, the results are compared with various quark-model predictions.
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We have obtained 1400 events of the baryon-exchange reaction pp→ΛpK+ using the ANL Zero Gradient Synchrotron 11.75-GeV/c polarized proton beam and the effective-mass spectrometer. A search for enhancements in the Λp mass spectrum has been made. No enhancements are observed; in particular, the narrow Λp enhancement at 2.13 GeV seen in K−d→Λpπ− is not observed. We establish limits on the production of narrow states of ∼ 10 nb. Also, 100000 events of the forward reaction pp→ΛK+p were examined and no narrow Λp enhancements are seen.
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The polarization of Σ 0 hyperons produced in an inclusive reactons hasbeen measured for the first time. From a sample of 11 000 events produced by 28.5 GeV/ c ptorons in the reaction p+ Be → Σ 0 +X, the Σ 0 polarization has a value of +0.28±0.13 at p t =1.01 GeV/ c and x f =0.60. The polarization of 53 000 Λ hyperons produced from 28.5 Gev/ c protons inthe reaction p+Be→ Λ +X has been measured in the kinematic range 0.64< p t <1.14 GeV/ c and 0.42< x f <0.62. The average Λ polarization is found to be −0.188±0.024, consistent with previous results.
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In a photoproduction experiment using a mean photon energy of 100 GeV we have observed 29±8 Λ c ( Λ c ) charmed-baryon and antibaryon decays in the pK − π + ( p K + π − ) final state. Quasi two-body final states do not contribite significantly to this channel. The mass of the Λ c was measured to be 2281.7±2.7±2.6 MeV/ c 2 and its lifetime 0.18±0.03±0.03 ps. The ratio of Λ c D production, measured in this experiment, is significantly greater than that predicted by photon-gluon fusion and using a Lund model to describe the hadronization. This excess cannot be completely accounted for in this model, even using a Λ c branching fraction in pK π as high as 5%.
Result extrapolated to all lambda/c energies has large model dependent uncertainties.
An analysis of the production of strange particles from the decays of the Z 0 boson into multihadronic final states is presented. The analysis is based on about 90 000 selected hadronic Z 0 decays collected by the DELPHI detector at LEP in 1990. K s 0 , K ∗± , Λ( Λ ) and Ξ − ( Ξ + ) have been identified by their characteristic decays. The measured production cross sections are compared with predictions of the Lund Monte Carlo tuned to data at PEP/PETRA energies.
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