We report a high-precision measurement of the ratio R of the total cross section for e+e−→hadrons to that for e+e−→μ+μ−, at a center-of-mass energy of 29.0 GeV using the MAC detector. The result is R=3.96±0.09. This value of R is used to determine a value of the strong coupling constant αs of 0.23±0.06, nearly independent of fragmentation models. Two different analysis methods having quite different event-selection criteria have been used and the results are in agreement. Particular attention has been given to the study of systematic errors. New higher-order QED calculations are used for the luminosity determination and the acceptance for hadrons.
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We have studied inclusive D*± production using the DELCO detector at PEP. Our technique involved kaon identification in the momentum range above 3.2 GeV/c using a threshold gas Čerenkov counter. This leads to a model-independent upper limit on D0−D¯0 mixing of 8.1% (90% confidence level). We also have measured the charm fragmentation function, which peaks at x≡PD*(Ebeam2−MD*2)12 of 0.56±0.06(stat.), and the total cross section for D* production, σ(D*±)=0.140±0.021(stat.)±0.032(syst.) nb (x>0.3, with radiative correction).
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SYSTEMATIC ERROR DOES NOT INCLUDE THE UNCERTAINTY ON THE BRANCHING RATIOS USED.
Direct photon production in hadronic events from e+e− annihilation has been studied at s=29 GeV with use of the MAC detector at the PEP storage ring. A charge asymmetry A=(−12.3±3.5)% is observed in the final-state jets. The cross section and the charge asymmetry are in good agreement with the predictions of the fractionally charged quark-parton model. Both the charge asymmetry and total yield have been used to determine values of quark charges. Limits have been established for anomalous sources of direct photons.
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The energy-energy correlation cross section for hadrons produced in electron-positron annihilation at a center-of-mass energy of 29 GeV has been measured with the MAC detector at SLAC. The result is corrected for the effects of detector resolution, acceptance, and initial-state radiation. The correlation is measured in two independent ways on the same data sample: the energy weights and angles are obtained either from the energy flow in the finely segmented total absorption calorimeters or from the momenta of charged tracks in the central drift chamber. This procedure helps reduce systematic errors by cross-checking the effects of the detector on the measurement, particularly important because the corrections depend on complex Monte Carlo simulations. The results are compared with the predictions of Monte Carlo models of complete second-order perturbative quantum chromodynamics and fragmentation, with the following conclusions: (1) fitting the asymmetry for large correlation angles gives values for αS of 0.120±0.006 in perturbation theory, 0.185±0.013 in the Lund string model, and values which vary from 0.105 to 0.140 (±0.01) in the incoherent jet models, depending on the gluon fragmentation scheme and the algorithm used for momentum conservation; and (2) the string fragmentation model provides a satisfactory description of the measured energy-energy correlation cross section, whereas incoherent jet formation does not.
VALUES FOR THE ASSYMETRY ARE GIVEN ALSO.
Results are presented of an untagged e + e − → e + e − + π + π − experiment performed at PEP with the DELCO detector. In the invariant-mass range 0.7 ⩽ W ππ < 2.0 GeV/ c 2 , the QED e + e − background is identified and eliminated, and both the π + π − predictions and the μ + μ − and K + K − background substractions are normalized to the measurement of the e e + e − events. The results agree with a simple model of superposition and interference of the f 0 (1270) resonance, produced with helicity 2, with a Born-term continuum. From a fit of the model to the data, the radiative width of the f 0 is determined to be Γ f 0 → γγ = 2.70 ± 0.21 keV.
Data read from graph.
A search for supersymmetric electron production via the reaction e+e−→e±γ̃ẽ∓ followed by the decay ẽ∓→e∓γ̃ has been performed with the MAC detector at the electron-positron storage ring PEP. No candidates were found in a sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36.4 pb−1. For a massless γ̃ this corresponds to a lower limit on the ẽ mass of 22.4 GeV/c2 at the 95% confidence level.
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Data extrapolated to full solid angle.
Identification of muons in hadronic events from e+e− annihilation observed in the MAC detector at the storage ring PEP provides flavor tagging of heavy primary quarks. A sample enriched in events from bb¯ production is obtained and the b-quark fragmentation function is inferred from the momentum spectrum of the muons. The b quark is found to fragment predominantly with high values of z, with 〈zb〉=0.8±0.1, and to have an over-all semimuonic branching fraction of (15.5−2.9+5.4)%.
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The deep-inelastic electromagnetic structure functions of deuterium and aluminum nuclei have been measured. The kinematic dependence of the ratio of aluminum and deuterium structure functions is similar to the dependence of the ratio of steel and deuterium structure functions, and provides further evidence for the distortion of the quark momentum distributions of nucleons bound in a nucleus.
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The deep-inelastic electromagnetic structure functions of steel, deuterium, and hydrogen nuclei have been measured with use of the high-energy electron beam at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center. The ratio of the structure functions of steel and deuterium cannot be understood simply by corrections due to Fermi-motion effects. The data indicate that the quark momentum distributions in the nucleon become distorted in the nucleus. The present results are consistent with recent measurements with high-energy muon beams.
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