A detailed account is given of high-precision measurements of the total hadronic cross sections of proton-antiproton and proton-proton interactions at centre-of-mass energies of 30.6, 52.8 and 62.7 GeV. The experiment was performed at the CERN Intersecting Storage Rings (ISR) using the total interaction-rate method, in which additive correction terms for trigger losses were held to less than 6% of the final result. An experimental determination of the vertical beam-displacement scale permitted luminosity-monitor calibrations to be made with high intrinsic accuracy. The overall precision (systematic and statistical errors combined) achieved in the total cross sections was ± 1.1% for proton-antiproton reactions and 0.7% for proton-proton reactions. In the proton-proton case the measurement was the most precise such measurement made at the ISR.
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ERRORS CONTAIN BOTH STATISTICS AND SYSTEMATICS.
ERRORS CONTAIN POINT-TO-POINT AND THE ERROR-INDEPENDANT ERRORS.
The reaction γp→ρfast0pπ+π− has been studied with the linearly polarized 20-GeV monochromatic photon beam at the SLAC Hybrid Facility to test the prediction of s-channel helicity conservation in inelastic diffraction for t’<0.4 (GeV/c)2. In a sample of 1934 events from this reaction, the ρ0 decay-angular distributions and spin-density-matrix elements are consistent with s-channel helicity conservation, the π+π− mass shape displays the same skewing as seen in the reaction γp→pπ+π−, and the pπ+π− mass distribution compares well and scales according to the vector dominance model with that produced in π±p→πfast±pπ+π−.
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SPIN DENSITY MATRIX ELEMENTS FOR THE DIFFRACTIVE RHO0 MESON FROM STUDY OF THE ANGULAR DISTRIBUTIONS. CORRECTION HAS BEEN MADE FOR THE (20 +- 5) PCT NON DIFFRACTIVE BACKGROUND IN THE FINAL DATA SAMPLE, ASSUMING IT TO HAVE AN ISOTOPIC ANGULAR DISTRIBUTION.
We have measured the coherent nuclear production of low-mass K+ω systems in K+A collisions at 202.5 GeV. Results for carbon, copper, and lead targets are similar to those found for π+π+π− production in π+A reactions at the same energy.
M(K+ OMEGA) < 1.5 GEV.
Momenta of charged particles produced in inelastic αα, αp, andpp collisions were measured using the Split-Field-Magnet detector at the CERN Intersecting Storage Rings. Inclusive and semi-in-clusive spectra are presented as a function of rapidityy, Feynman-x, and transverse momentumpT. The inclusivey distributions agree well with predictions of the dual parton model; the highest particle densities are reached aty≃0 and the momenta of leading protons decrease significantly for increasing total multiplicity. ‘Temperatures’ are equal in αα, αp, andpp interactions. ThepT distributions depend weakly on the multiplicity.
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Neutral kaon to negative pion production ratios fromvp and\(\bar vp\) charged current interactions in BEBC are presented and compared with LUND fragmentation model predictions. Good agreement is obtained with a strangeness suppression factor λ=0.203±0.014(stat)±0.010(sys). No evidence is seen for an energy dependence of λ in our kinematic region.
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Inclusive particle production cross-sections have been measured at the\(Sp\bar pS\) collider using the UA2 detector in various ranges of transverse momentum (PT) and pseudo-rapidity (η). Cross-section measurements are presented forπ0 production (PT≦15 GeV/c, |η|≦0.85 andPT≦40 GeV/c, 1.0≦|η|≦1.8), for η meson production (3≦PT≦6 GeV/c, |η|≦0.85) and for charged particle production (PT≦10 GeV/c, 1.0≦|η|≦1.8). Results are compared with the predictions of QCD calculations.
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We report a high-precision measurement of the ratio R of the total cross section for e+e−→hadrons to that for e+e−→μ+μ−, at a center-of-mass energy of 29.0 GeV using the MAC detector. The result is R=3.96±0.09. This value of R is used to determine a value of the strong coupling constant αs of 0.23±0.06, nearly independent of fragmentation models. Two different analysis methods having quite different event-selection criteria have been used and the results are in agreement. Particular attention has been given to the study of systematic errors. New higher-order QED calculations are used for the luminosity determination and the acceptance for hadrons.
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We have studied inclusive D*± production using the DELCO detector at PEP. Our technique involved kaon identification in the momentum range above 3.2 GeV/c using a threshold gas Čerenkov counter. This leads to a model-independent upper limit on D0−D¯0 mixing of 8.1% (90% confidence level). We also have measured the charm fragmentation function, which peaks at x≡PD*(Ebeam2−MD*2)12 of 0.56±0.06(stat.), and the total cross section for D* production, σ(D*±)=0.140±0.021(stat.)±0.032(syst.) nb (x>0.3, with radiative correction).
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SYSTEMATIC ERROR DOES NOT INCLUDE THE UNCERTAINTY ON THE BRANCHING RATIOS USED.
Measurements of the e+e− cross section above BB¯ threshold are reported. Structures are observed which could be the ϒ(5S) and ϒ(6S) resonances. The masses and widths are given and compared with various potential-model predictions. Average charged multiplicities and inclusive lepton yields are also presented.
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The total hadronic cross section for virtual photon-photon interactions is reported for center-of-mass energy, W, between 2 and 20 GeV. The data were obtained via the process e+e−→e+e−γ*γ*→e e−++hadrons with both scattered e+ and e− detected. Each photon’s four-momentum squared, q2, ranges from -0.1 to -1.6 GeV2. Dependence upon q2 agrees with a generalized vector-meson-dominance model. The total cross section shows little W dependence, averaging 125 nb at q12=q22=-0.3. Photon helicity interference terms are determined.
CROSS SECTION EXTRAPOLATED USING THE GENERALISED VECTOR CT. = Data are for >= 3 hadrons. DOMINANCE MODEL TO Q1=Q2=0.
Data are for >= 3 hadrons.
Data are for >= 3 hadrons.
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