A kinematically complete measurement was made of the Coulomb dissociation of 8B nuclei on a Pb target at 83 MeV/nucleon. The cross section was measured at low relative energies in order to infer the astrophysical S factor for the 7Be(p,gamma)8B reaction. A first-order perturbation theory analysis of the reaction dynamics including E1, E2, and M1 transitions was employed to extract the E1 strength relevant to neutrino-producing reactions in the solar interior. By fitting the measured cross section from Erel = 130 keV to 400 keV, we find S17(0) = 17.8 (+1.4, -1.2) eV b.
S17(0) = E * SIG * EXP(CONST(C=ZOMMERFELD PARAMETER)). CONST(C=ZOMMERFELD PARAMETER) = 31.29*Z1*Z2*SQRT(M/E), where Z1 and Z2 are the nuclear charges of the interacting particles, M is the reduced mass, E is the center-of-mass energy.
Total charge-changing cross sections have been measured for8Li on C and Pb targets, for9Li on C, Al, Cu, Sn and Pb targets, as well as for11Li on C, Sn and Pb targets at about 80 MeV/nucleon. These data are compared to measured total reaction cross sections and Glauber-type calculations using Hartree-Fock density distributions. These comparisons allow to draw conclusions on the proton density distribution of the neutronrich lithium isotopes. The results show that even for the most exotic nucleus11Li the proton distribution is only very weakly influenced by the long tail in the neutron density distribution already established in several experiments.
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Total interaction cross sections have been measured for 8 Li on C and Pb targets, for 9 Li on C, Al, Cu, Sn and Pb targets, as well as for 11 Li on C, Sn and Pb targets at about 80 MeV/nucleon. In addition, 2n-removal cross sections for 11 Li have been extracted. These measurements are used to determine the nuclear and the electromagnetic part of the cross sections for the different projectile-target combinations. The experimental results are compared to different model calculations. These comparisons allow one to draw conclusions on the matter density distribution of the neutron-rich lithium isotope 11 Li. By comparing our data on the electromagnetic dissociation of 11 Li with all the other data available in the literature, we are able to put constraints on the dipole-strength distribution in 11 Li.
Axis error includes +- 0.0/0.0 contribution (?////).
In an effort to better determine the 7Be(p,gamma)8B reaction rate, we have performed inclusive and exclusive measurements of the Coulomb dissociation of 8B. The former was a study of longitudinal momentum distributions of 7Be fragments emitted in the Coulomb breakup of intermediate energy 8B beams on Pb and Ag targets. Analysis of these data yielded the E2 contribution to the breakup cross section. In the exclusive measurement, we determined the cross section for the Coulomb breakup of 8B on Pb at low relative energies in order to infer the astrophysical S factor for the 7Be(p,gamma)8B reaction. Interpreting the measurements with 1st-order perturbation theory, we obtained SE2/SE1 = 4.7 (+ 2.0,- 1.3) times 10^-4 at Erel = 0.6 MeV, and S17(0) = 17.8 (+ 1.4,- 1.2) eV b. Semiclassical 1st-order perturbation theory and fully quantum mechanical continuum-discretized coupled channels analyses yield nearly identical results for the E1 strength relevant to solar neutrino flux calculations, suggesting that theoretical reaction mechanism uncertainties need not limit the precision of Coulomb breakup determinations of the 7Be(p,gamma)8B S factor. A recommended value of S17(0) based on a weighted average of this and other measurements is presented.
Integrated Coulomb dissociation cross section.
S17(0) = E * SIG * EXP(CONST(C=ZOMMERFELD PARAMETER)). CONST(C=ZOMMERFELD PARAMETER) = 31.29*Z1*Z2*SQRT(M/E), where Z1 and Z2 arethe nuclear charges of the interacting particles, M is the reduced mass, E is the center-of-mass energy.
Differential scattering data have been obtained in bubble-chamber exposures and are compared with theoretical predictions using the Glauber multiple-scattering theory. The effect of the quadrupole deformation of the deuteron and the influence of the various orders of multiple scattering are put in evidence. Agreement between theoretical predictions and experiment is very good at the higher energy. At the lower energy, agreement is good only for momentum transfers below 0.2 (GeVc)2. Possible reasons for the disagreement above 0.2 (GeVc)2 are explored.
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The differential cross section for π+ photoproduction has been determined at 19 points, at center-of-mass angles from 30 to 150 deg, and at photon energies from 162 to 225 MeV. The data are concentrated near 180 MeV, where a full angular distribution has been determined. The relative values of the cross sections are accurate to 5% or better, and the absolute normalization is accurate to 4%. The experiment provides data of improved accuracy which are in general consistent with previous results. The extrapolation to threshold gives a value for (k*p*)(dσdΩ)* at threshold of 16.1±0.7 μb/sr, where k*, p*, and (dσdΩ)* are the photon energy, pion momentum, and differential cross section, all in the center-of-mass system.
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The analyzing power,$A_{oono}$, and the polarization transfer observables$K_{onno}$,$K_{os''so}$
Position 'A' (see text for explanation).
Position 'A' (see text for explanation).
Position 'A' (see text for explanation).
We employ data taken by the JADE and OPAL experiments for an integrated QCD study in hadronic e+e- annihilations at c.m.s. energies ranging from 35 GeV through 189 GeV. The study is based on jet-multiplicity related observables. The observables are obtained to high jet resolution scales with the JADE, Durham, Cambridge and cone jet finders, and compared with the predictions of various QCD and Monte Carlo models. The strong coupling strength, alpha_s, is determined at each energy by fits of O(alpha_s^2) calculations, as well as matched O(alpha_s^2) and NLLA predictions, to the data. Matching schemes are compared, and the dependence of the results on the choice of the renormalization scale is investigated. The combination of the results using matched predictions gives alpha_s(MZ)=0.1187+{0.0034}-{0.0019}. The strong coupling is also obtained, at lower precision, from O(alpha_s^2) fits of the c.m.s. energy evolution of some of the observables. A qualitative comparison is made between the data and a recent MLLA prediction for mean jet multiplicities.
Overall result for ALPHAS at the Z0 mass from the combination of the ln R-matching results from the observables evolved using a three-loop running expression. The errors shown are total errors and contain all the statistics and systematics.
Weighted mean for ALPHAS at the Z0 mass determined from the energy evolutions of the mean values of the 2-jet cross sections obtained with the JADE and DURHAMschemes and the 3-jet fraction for the JADE, DURHAM and CAMBRIDGE schemes evaluted at a fixed YCUT.. The errors shown are total errors and contain all the statistics and systematics.
Combined results for ALPHA_S from fits of matched predicitions. The first systematic (DSYS) error is the experimental systematic, the second DSYS error isthe hadronization systematic and the third is the QCD scale error. The values of ALPHAS evolved to the Z0 mass using a three-loop evolution are also given.
A polarized proton beam extracted from SATURNE II and the Saclay polarized proton target were used to measure the rescattering observables$K_{onno}$and
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