Single particles and jets in deeply inelastic scattering at low x are measured with the H1 detector in the region away from the current jet and towards the proton remnant, known as the forward region. Hadronic final state measurements in this region are expected to be particularly sensitive to QCD evolution effects. Jet cross-sections are presented as a function of Bjorken-x for forward jets produced with a polar angle to the proton direction, theta, in the range 7 < theta < 20 degrees. Azimuthal correlations are studied between the forward jet and the scattered lepton. Charged and neutral single particle production in the forward region are measured as a function of Bjorken-x, in the range 5 < theta < 25 degrees, for particle transverse momenta larger than 1 GeV. QCD based Monte Carlo predictions and analytical calculations based on BFKL, CCFM and DGLAP evolution are compared to the data. Predictions based on the DGLAP approach fail to describe the data, except for those which allow for a resolved photon contribution.
Forward Jet cross section. Axis error includes +- 7/7 contribution (Dependence of the model used to correct the data).
Forward Di-jet cross section. Axis error includes +- 7/7 contribution (Dependence of the model used to correct the data).
Data from Figure 3a on charged particle production
Measurements are reported of the production of dijet events with a leading neutron in ep interactions at HERA. Differential cross sections for photoproduction and deep inelastic scattering are presented as a function of several kinematic variables. Leading order QCD simulation programs are compared with the measurements. Models in which the real or virtual photon interacts with a parton of an exchanged pion are able to describe the data. Next-to-leading order perturbative QCD calculations based on pion exchange are found to be in good agreement with the measured cross sections. The fraction of leading neutron dijet events with respect to all dijet events is also determined. The dijet events with a leading neutron have a lower fraction of resolved photon processes than do the inclusive dijet data.
Differential e p photoproduction cross section as a function of the jet transverse energy.
Differential e p photoproduction cross section as a function of JET pseudorapidity.
Differential e p photoproduction cross section as a function of JET X(C=GAMMA).
Results are presented on the photoproduction of isolated prompt photons, inclusively and associated with jets, in the gamma p center of mass energy range 142 < W < 266 GeV. The cross sections are measured for the transverse momentum range of the photons 5 < E_T^gamma < 10 GeV and for associated jets with E_T^jet > 4.5 GeV. They are measured differentially as a function of E_T^gamma, E_T^jet, the pseudorapidities eta^gamma and eta^jet and estimators of the momentum fractions x_gamma and x_p of the incident photon and proton carried by the constituents participating in the hard process. In order to further investigate the underlying dynamics, the angular correlation between the prompt photon and the jet in the transverse plane is studied. Predictions by perturbative QCD calculations in next to leading order are about 30% below the inclusive prompt photon data after corrections for hadronisation and multiple interactions, but are in reasonable agreement with the results for prompt photons associated with jets. Comparisons with the predictions of the event generators PYTHIA and HERWIG are also presented.
Inclusive prompt photon differential cross section as a function of ET.
Inclusive prompt photon differential cross section as a function of the pseudorapidity.
Prompt photon cross section as a function of the photon ET with an additional jet requirement.
Deep-inelastic positron-proton interactions at low values of Bjorken-x down to x \approx 4.10^-5 which give rise to high transverse momentum pi^0 mesons are studied with the H1 experiment at HERA. The inclusive cross section for pi^0 mesons produced at small angles with respect to the proton remnant (the forward region) is presented as a function of the transverse momentum and energy of the pi^0 and of the four-momentum transfer Q^2 and Bjorken-x. Measurements are also presented of the transverse energy flow in events containing a forward pi^0 meson. Hadronic final state calculations based on QCD models implementing different parton evolution schemes are confronted with the data.
The inclusive PI0 cross section as a function of the Bjorken X.
The inclusive PI0 cross section as a function of the Bjorken X.
The inclusive PI0 cross section as a function of the Bjorken X.
The inclusive e^+ p single and double differential cross sections for neutral and charged current processes are measured with the H1 detector at HERA. The data were taken in 1999 and 2000 at a centre-of-mass energy of \sqrt{s} = 319 GeV and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 65.2 pb^-1. The cross sections are measured in the range of four-momentum transfer squared Q^2 between 100 and 30000 GeV^2 and Bjorken x between 0.0013 and 0.65. The neutral current analysis for the new e^+ p data and the earlier e^- p data taken in 1998 and 1999 is extended to small energies of the scattered electron and therefore to higher values of inelasticity y, allowing a determination of the longitudinal structure function F_L at high Q^2 (110 - 700 GeV^2). A new measurement of the structure function x F_3 is obtained using the new e^+ p and previously published e^\pm p neutral current cross section data at high Q^2. These data together with H1 low Q^2 precision data are further used to perform new next-to-leading order QCD analyses in the framework of the Standard Model to extract flavour separated parton distributions in the proton.
The NC cross section DSIG/DQ**2. There is an additional 1.5 PCT normalization uncertainty.
The CC cross section DSIG/DQ**2. There is an additional 1.5 PCT normalization uncertainty.
The NC cross section DSIG/DX for Q**2 > 1000 GeV**2. There is an additional 1.5 PCT normalization uncertainty.
Dijet events in photon-proton collisions in which there is a large pseudorapidity separation Delta eta > 2.5 between the two highest E_T jets are studied with the H1 detector at HERA. The inclusive dijet cross sections are measured as functions of the longitudinal momentum fractions of the proton and photon which participate in the production of the jets, x_pjet and x_gjet respectively, Delta eta, the pseudorapidity separation between the two highest E_T jets, and E_T^gap, the total summed transverse energy between the jets. Rapidity gap events are defined as events in which E_T^gap is less than E_T^cut, for E_T^cut varied between 0.5 and 2.0 GeV. The fraction of dijet events with a rapidity gap is measured differentially in Delta eta, x_pjet and x_gjet. An excess of events with rapidity gaps at low values of E_T^cut is observed above the expectation from standard photoproduction processes. This excess can be explained by the exchange of a strongly interacting colour singlet object between the jets.
The inclusive dijet cross section as a function of X(C=GAMMA).
The inclusive dijet cross section as a function of XP.
The inclusive dijet cross section as a function of the rapidity gap.
Dijet cross sections as functions of several jet observables are measured in photoproduction using the H1 detector at HERA. The data sample comprises e^+p data with an integrated luminosity of 34.9 pb^(-1). Jets are selected using the inclusive k_T algorithm with a minimum transverse energy of 25 GeV for the leading jet. The phase space covers longitudinal proton momentum fraction x_p and photon longitudinal momentum fraction x_gamma in the ranges 0.05<x_p<0.6 and 0.1<x_gamma<1. The predictions of next-to-leading order perturbative QCD, including recent photon and proton parton densities, are found to be compatible with the data in a wide kinematical range.
Differential ep cross section for dijet production as a function of the invariant mass of the two jets.
Differential ep cross section for dijet production as a function of the average transverse energy the two jets.
Differential ep cross section for dijet production as a function of the maximum transverse energy the leading jet.
The interaction of virtual photons is investigated using the reaction e+e- -> e+e- hadrons based on data taken by the OPAL experiment at e+e- centre-of-mass energies sqrt(s_ee)=189-209 GeV, for W>5 GeV and at an average Q^2 of 17.9 GeV^2. The measured cross-sections are compared to predictions of the Quark Parton Model (QPM), to the Leading Order QCD Monte Carlo model PHOJET to the NLO prediction for the reaction e+e- -> e+e-qqbar, and to BFKL calculations. PHOJET, NLO e+e- -> e+e-qqbar, and QPM describe the data reasonably well, whereas the cross-section predicted by a Leading Order BFKL calculation is too large.
Total cross section in the given phase space and assuming ALPHA = 1/137.
Differential cross section as a function of X where X is the maximum value of X1 or X2, the upper and lower vertex values.
Differential cross section as a function of Q**2 where Q**2 is the maximum value of Q1**2 or Q2**2, the upper and lower vertex values.
The hadronic structure of the photon F2gamma is measured as a function of Bjorken x and of the photon virtuality Q2 using deep-inelastic scattering data taken by the OPAL detector at LEP at e+e- centre-of-mass energies from 183 to 209 GeV. Previous OPAL measurements of the x dependence of F2gamma are extended to an average Q2 of <Q2>=780GeV2 using data in the kinematic range 0.15 < x < 0.98. The Q2 evolution of F2gamma is studied for 12.1 < <Q2> < 780GeV2 using three ranges of x. As predicted by QCD, the data show positive scaling violations in F2gamma for the central x region 0.10-0.60. Several parameterisations of F2gamma are in qualitative agreement with the measurements whereas the quark-parton model prediction fails to describe the data.
F2 and DSIG/DX for the EE sample in the high Q**2 region as a function of X.
Statistical correlations between the bins in the preceding table.
The measured value of F2 and DSIG/DX for the SW data sample in the Q**2 range 9 to 15 GeV**2.
Di-jet producion is studied in collisions of quasi-real photons at e+e- centre- of-mass energies sqrt(s)ee from 189 to 209 GeV at LEP. The data were collected with the OPAL detector. Jets are reconstructed using an inclusive k_t clustering algorithm for all cross-section measurements presented. A cone jet algorithm is used in addition to study the different structure of the jets resulting from either of the algorithms. The inclusive di-jet cross-section is measured as a function of the mean transverse energy Etm(jet) of the two leading jets, and as a functiuon of the estimated fraction of the photon momentum carried by the parton entering the hard sub-process, xg, for different regions of Etm (jet). Angular distribution in di-jet events are measured and used to demonstrate the dominance of quark and gluon initiated processes in different regions of phase space. Furthermore the inclusive di-jet cross-section as a function of |eta(jet)| and |delta eta (jet)| is presented where eta(jet) is the jet pseudo-rapidity. Different regions of the xg+ -xg- -space are explored to study and control the influence of an underlying event. The results are compared to next-to-leading order perturbative QCD calculations and to the predictions of the leading order Monte Carlo generator PYTHIA.
The di-jet cross section as a function of the angle between the jet and thedirection of the incoming parton in the centre-of-mass frame for the region whe re both X(C=GAMMA+) and X(C=GAMMA-) are > 0.75.
The di-jet cross section as a function of the angle between the jet and thedirection of the incoming parton in the centre-of-mass frame for the region whe re both X(C=GAMMA+) and X(C=GAMMA-) are < 0.75.
The di-jet cross section as a function of the mean transverse energy of thedi-jet system for the full X(C=GAMMA+) and X(C=GAMMA-) region.
A measurement is presented of the cross section for D* meson production in diffractive deep-inelastic scattering for the first time at HERA. The cross section is given for the process ep -> eXY, where the system X contains at least one D* meson and is separated by a large rapidity gap from a low mass proton remnant system Y. The cross section is presented in the diffractive deep-inelastic region defined by 2< Q^2 < 100 GeV^2, 0.05 < y < 0.7, x_pom < 0.04, M_Y < 1.6 GeV and |t| < 1 GeV^2. The D* mesons are restricted to the range ptD* > 2 GeV and |\eta_D* | < 1.5. The cross section is found to be 246+-54+-56 pb and forms about 6% of the corresponding inclusive D* cross section. The cross section is presented as a function of various kinematic variables, including z_pom^obs which is an estimate of the fraction of the momentum of the diffractive exchange carried by the parton entering the hard-subprocess. The data show a large component of the cross section at low z_pom^obs where the contribution of the Boson-Gluon-Fusion process is expected to dominate. The data are compared with several QCD--based calculations.
The total D*+- production cross section for the given kinematic region. Also given is the ratio to the DIS*+- production cross section in the samekinematic region.
Cross section as a function of X(NAME=POMERON).
Cross section as a function of LOG10(BETA). BETA = X/X(NAME=POMERON).
A measurement is presented of dijet and 3-jet cross sections in low-|t| diffractive deep-inelastic scattering interactions of the type ep -> eXY, where the system X is separated by a large rapidity gap from a low-mass baryonic system Y. Data taken with the H1 detector at HERA, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 18.0 pb^(-1), are used to measure hadron level single and double differential cross sections for 4<Q^2<80 GeV^2, x_pom<0.05 and p_(T,jet)>4 GeV. The energy flow not attributed to jets is also investigated. The measurements are consistent with a factorising diffractive exchange with trajectory intercept close to 1.2 and tightly constrain the dominating diffractive gluon distribution. Viewed in terms of the diffractive scattering of partonic fluctuations of the photon, the data require the dominance of qqbarg over qqbar states. Soft colour neutralisation models in their present form cannot simultaneously reproduce the shapes and the normalisations of the differential cross sections. Models based on 2-gluon exchange are able to reproduce the shapes of the cross sections at low x_pom values.
Average values, over the specified interval, of the differential hadron level dijet cross section as a function of Q**2.
Average values, over the specified interval, of the differential hadron level dijet cross section as a function of the average transverse momentum of the two jets in the c.m.frame.
Average values, over the specified interval, of the differential hadron level dijet cross section as a function of the average pseudorapidity of the two jets in the lab frame.
Three-jet production is studied for the first time in deep-inelastic positron-proton scattering. The measurement carried out with the H1 detector at HERA covers a large range of four-momentum transfer squared 5 < Q^2 < 5000 GeV^2 and invariant three-jet masses 25 < M_(3jet) < 140 GeV. Jets are defined by the inclusive k_T algorithm in the Breit frame. The size of the three-jet cross section and the ratio of the three-jet to the dijet cross section R_(3/2) are described over the whole phase space by the predictions of perturbative QCD in next-to-leading order. The shapes of angular jet distributions deviate significantly from a uniform population of the available phase space but are well described by the QCD calculation.
The inclusive 3-Jet cross section as a function of Q**2.
The ratio of 3 jets to 2 jets as a function of Q**2.
The inclusive 3-JET cross section as a function of Bjorken scaling variableX for the Q**2 range 5 to 100 GeV**2.
The inclusive e^-p single and double differential cross sections for neutral and charged current processes are measured with the H1 detector at HERA, in the range of four-momentum transfer squared Q^2 between 150 and 30000 GeV^2, and Bjorken x between 0.002 and 0.65. The data were taken in 1998 and 1999 with a centre-of-mass energy of 320 GeV and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 16.4 pb^(-1). The data are compared with recent measurements of the inclusive neutral and charged current e^+p cross sections. For Q^2>1000 GeV^2 clear evidence is observed for an asymmetry between e^+p and e^-p neutral current scattering and the generalised structure function xF_3 is extracted for the first time at HERA. A fit to the charged current data is used to extract a value for the W boson propagator mass. The data are found to be in good agreement with Standard Model predictions.
The NC single differential cross section, as a function of X, for Y < 0.9 and Q**2 > 1000 GeV**2. The first DSYS error is the uncorrelated systematic errorand the second is the correlated systematic error.
The NC single differential cross section, as a function of X, for Y < 0.9 and Q**2 > 10000 GeV**2. The first DSYS error is the uncorrelated systematic error and the second is the correlated systematic error.
The CC single differential cross section, as a function of X, for measured for 0.03 < Y < 0.85 and Q**2 > 1000 GeV**2. and corrected by KCOR to Y < 0.9. The first DSYS error is the uncorrelated systematic error and the second is the correlated systematic error.
High transverse momentum pi0-mesons have been measured with the H1 detector at HERA in deep-inelastic ep scattering events at low Bjorken-x, down to x <~ 4.10^{-5}. The measurement is performed in a region of small angles with respect to the proton remnant in the laboratory frame of reference, namely the forward region, and corresponds to central rapidity in the centre of mass system of the virtual photon and proton. This region is expected to be particularly sensitive to QCD effects in hadronic final states. Differential cross-sections for inclusive pi0-meson production are presented as a function of Bjorken-x and the four-momentum transfer Q^2, and as a function of transverse momentum and pseudorapidity. A recent numerical BFKL calculation and predictions from QCD models based on DGLAP parton evolution are compared with the data.
Axis error includes +- 5/5 contribution (Trigger efficiency).
Axis error includes +- 5/5 contribution (Trigger efficiency).
Axis error includes +- 5/5 contribution (Trigger efficiency).
The structure of both quasi-real and highly virtual photons is investigated using the reaction e+e- -> e+e-mu+mu-, proceeding via the exchange of two photons. The results are based on the complete OPAL dataset taken at e+e- centre-of-mass energies close to the mass of the Z boson. The QED structure function F_2^gamma and the differential cross-section dsigdx for quasi-real photons are obtained as functions of the fractional momentum x from the muon momentum which is carried by the struck muon in the quasi-real photon for values of Q**2 ranging from 1.5 to 400 GeV**2. The differential cross-section dsigdx for highly virtual photons is measured for 1.5< Q**2 < 30 GeV**2 and 1.5< P**2 < 20 GeV**2, where Q**2 and P**2 are the negative values of the four-momentum squared of the two photons such that Q**2 > P**2. Based on azimuthal correlations the QED structure functions F_A^gamma and F_B^gamma for quasi-real photons are determined for an average Q**2 of 5.4 GeV**2.
No description provided.
No description provided.
No description provided.
With the H1 detector at the ep collider HERA, D* meson production cross sections have been measured in deep inelastic scattering with four-momentum transfers Q^2>2 GeV2 and in photoproduction at energies around W(gamma p)~ 88 GeV and 194 GeV. Next-to-Leading Order QCD calculations are found to describe the differential cross sections within theoretical and experimental uncertainties. Using these calculations, the NLO gluon momentum distribution in the proton, x_g g(x_g), has been extracted in the momentum fraction range 7.5x10^{-4}< x_g <4x10^{-2} at average scales mu^2 =25 to 50 GeV2. The gluon momentum fraction x_g has been obtained from the measured kinematics of the scattered electron and the D* meson in the final state. The results compare well with the gluon distribution obtained from the analysis of scaling violations of the proton structure function F_2.
Total cross section for DIS D*+- production in the specified kinemtaic range.
DIS cross section as a function of the transverse D* momentum in the laboratory frame.
DIS cross section as a function of the transverse D* momentum in the hadronic centre-of-mass frame.
Interactions of the type ep -> eXY are studied, where the component X of the hadronic final state contains two jets and is well separated in rapidity from a leading baryonic system Y. Analyses are performed of both resolved and direct photoproduction and of deep-inelastic scattering with photon virtualities in the range 7.5 < Q^2 < 80 GeV^2. Cross sections are presented where Y has mass M_Y < 1.6 GeV, the squared four-momentum transferred at the proton vertex satisfies |t| < 1 GeV^2 and the two jets each have transverse momentum p^jet_T > 5 GeV relative to the photon direction in the rest frame of X. Models based on a factorisable diffractive exchange with a gluon dominated structure, evolved to a scale set by the transverse momentum p^hat_T of the outgoing partons from the hard interaction, give good descriptions of the data. Exclusive qqbar production, as calculated in perturbative QCD using the squared proton gluon density, represents at most a small fraction of the measured cross section. The compatibility of the data with a breaking of diffractive factorisation due to spectator interactions in resolved photoproduction is investigated.
Transverse momentum distribution for two jet production in photoproduction events (one entry per jet).
Transverse momentum distribution for two jet production in DIS events (one entry per jet).
Differential pseudo rapidity distribution in the lab frame for photoproduction data (one entry per jet).
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