Measured $R_\text{AA}$ for the $\Upsilon(3S)$ state as functions of PbPb collision centrality, integrated over the full kinematic range $p_\text{T}$ < 30 GeV/c and |y| < 2.4. The global uncertainty "PP MB" represents the pp luminosity and PbPb $N_\text{MB}$ combined uncertainties, whereas the global uncertainty "PP 3S" corresponds to the uncertainty on the $\Upsilon(3S)$ pp yields.

Measured $R_\text{AA}$ for the$\Upsilon(2S)$ state in the 0–90% centrality interval, integrated over the full kinematic range $p_\text{T}$ < 30 GeV/c and |y| < 2.4. The global uncertainty "PP MB" represents the pp luminosity and PbPb $N_\text{MB}$ combined uncertainties, whereas the global uncertainty "PP 2S" corresponds to the uncertainty on the $\Upsilon(2S)$ pp yields.

Measured $R_\text{AA}$ for the$\Upsilon(2S)$ state in the 0–90% centrality interval, integrated over the full kinematic range $p_\text{T}$ < 30 GeV/c and |y| < 2.4. The global uncertainty "PP MB" represents the pp luminosity and PbPb $N_\text{MB}$ combined uncertainties, whereas the global uncertainty "PP 2S" corresponds to the uncertainty on the $\Upsilon(2S)$ pp yields.

Measured $R_\text{AA}$ for the $\Upsilon(3S)$ state in the 0–90% centrality interval, integrated over the full kinematic range $p_\text{T}$ < 30 GeV/c and |y| < 2.4. The global uncertainty "PP MB" represents the pp luminosity and PbPb $N_\text{MB}$ combined uncertainties, whereas the global uncertainty "PP 3S" corresponds to the uncertainty on the$\Upsilon(3S)$ pp yields.

Measured $R_\text{AA}$ for the $\Upsilon(3S)$ state in the 0–90% centrality interval, integrated over the full kinematic range $p_\text{T}$ < 30 GeV/c and |y| < 2.4. The global uncertainty "PP MB" represents the pp luminosity and PbPb $N_\text{MB}$ combined uncertainties, whereas the global uncertainty "PP 3S" corresponds to the uncertainty on the$\Upsilon(3S)$ pp yields.

Measured $R_\text{AA}$ for the $\Upsilon(2S)$ state as functions of transverse momentum $p_\text{T}$, integrated over the rapidity range of |y| < 2.4 and the 0–90% centrality interval. The global uncertainty combines the uncertainties of $T_\text{AA}$ , pp luminosity, and PbPb $N_\text{MB}$.

Measured $R_\text{AA}$ for the $\Upsilon(2S)$ state as functions of transverse momentum $p_\text{T}$, integrated over the rapidity range of |y| < 2.4 and the 0–90% centrality interval. The global uncertainty combines the uncertainties of $T_\text{AA}$ , pp luminosity, and PbPb $N_\text{MB}$.

Measured $R_\text{AA}$ for the $\Upsilon(3S)$ state as functions of transverse momentum $p_\text{T}$, integrated over the rapidity range of |y| < 2.4 and the 0–90% centrality interval. The global uncertainty combines the uncertainties of $T_\text{AA}$ , pp luminosity, and PbPb $N_\text{MB}$.

Measured $R_\text{AA}$ for the $\Upsilon(3S)$ state as functions of transverse momentum $p_\text{T}$, integrated over the rapidity range of |y| < 2.4 and the 0–90% centrality interval. The global uncertainty combines the uncertainties of $T_\text{AA}$ , pp luminosity, and PbPb $N_\text{MB}$.

The double ratios of $\Upsilon(3S)$ /$\Upsilon(2S)$ as functions of PbPb collision centrality, integrated over the full kinematic range $p_\text{T}$ < 30 GeV/c and |y| < 2.4. The global uncertainty represents the combined systematic and statistical uncertainties from pp data.

The double ratios of $\Upsilon(3S)$ /$\Upsilon(2S)$ as functions of PbPb collision centrality, integrated over the full kinematic range $p_\text{T}$ < 30 GeV/c and |y| < 2.4. The global uncertainty represents the combined systematic and statistical uncertainties from pp data.

The double ratios of $\Upsilon(3S)$ /$\Upsilon(2S)$ in the 0–90% centrality interval, integrated over the full kinematic range $p_\text{T}$ < 30 GeV/c and |y| < 2.4. The global uncertainty represents the combined systematic and statistical uncertainties from pp data.

The double ratios of $\Upsilon(3S)$ /$\Upsilon(2S)$ in the 0–90% centrality interval, integrated over the full kinematic range $p_\text{T}$ < 30 GeV/c and |y| < 2.4. The global uncertainty represents the combined systematic and statistical uncertainties from pp data.

The double ratios of $\Upsilon(3S)$ /$\Upsilon(2S)$ as functions of transverse momentum $p_\text{T}$, integrated over the rapidity range of |y| < 2.4 and the 0–90% centrality interval.

The double ratios of $\Upsilon(3S)$ /$\Upsilon(2S)$ as functions of transverse momentum $p_\text{T}$, integrated over the rapidity range of |y| < 2.4 and the 0–90% centrality interval.

Yields for $\Upsilon(2S)$ mesons in PbPb collisions in centrality $0--90\%$ and $|y| < 2.4$, corrected for acceptance and efficiency, and normalized by the nuclear thickness function $\langle T_{AA} \rangle$ and the number of minimum bias events $N_{MB}$. The numbers are in units of pb$/GeV/c$.

Yields for $\Upsilon(2S)$ mesons in PbPb collisions in $p_\text{T} < 30GeV/c$ and $|y| < 2.4$, corrected for acceptance and efficiency, and normalized by the nuclear thickness function $\langle T_{AA} \rangle$ and the number of minimum bias events $N_{MB}$. The numbers are in units of pb$/GeV/c$.

Yields for $\Upsilon(3S)$ mesons in PbPb collisions in centrality $0--90\%$ and $|y| < 2.4$, corrected for acceptance and efficiency, and normalized by the nuclear thickness function $\langle T_{AA} \rangle$ and the number of minimum bias events $N_{MB}$. The numbers are in units of pb$/GeV/c$.

Yields for $\Upsilon(3S)$ mesons in PbPb collisions in $p_\text{T} < 30GeV/c$ and $|y| < 2.4$, corrected for acceptance and efficiency, and normalized by the nuclear thickness function $\langle T_{AA} \rangle$ and the number of minimum bias events $N_{MB}$. The numbers are in units of pb$/GeV/c$.

Yields for $\Upsilon(1S)$ mesons in PbPb collisions in $p_\text{T} < 30GeV/c$ and $|y| < 2.4$, corrected for acceptance and efficiency, and normalized by the nuclear thickness function $\langle T_{AA} \rangle$ and the number of minimum bias events $N_{MB}$. The numbers are in units of pb$/GeV/c$. The values and global integrated luminosity uncertainty are quoted from data taken from CMS in 2018 LHC PbPb run.

The expected 95% CL exclusion contour (-1$\sigma$) for a simplified model of dark-matter production involving an axial-vector operator, Dirac DM and couplings $g_{q}$ = 0.25, $g_{\chi}$ = 1 and $g_{l}$ = 0 as a function of the dark-matter mass $m_{\chi}$ and the mediator mass $m_{\mathrm{med}}$. The plane under the limit curve is excluded.

The expected 95% CL exclusion contour for a simplified model of dark-matter production involving an axial-vector operator, Dirac DM and couplings $g_{q}$ = 0.25, $g_{\chi}$ = 1 and $g_{l}$ = 0 as a function of the dark-matter mass $m_{\chi}$ and the mediator mass $m_{\mathrm{med}}$. The plane under the limit curve is excluded.

The observed 95% CL exclusion contour for a simplified model of dark-matter production involving an axial-vector operator, Dirac DM and couplings $g_{q}$ = 0.1, $g_{\chi}$ = 1 and $g_{l}$ = 0.1 as a function of the dark-matter mass $m_{\chi}$ and the mediator mass $m_{\mathrm{med}}$. The plane under the limit curve is excluded.

The expected 95% CL exclusion contour (+1$\sigma$) for a simplified model of dark-matter production involving an axial-vector operator, Dirac DM and couplings $g_{q}$ = 0.1, $g_{\chi}$ = 1 and $g_{l}$ = 0.1 as a function of the dark-matter mass $m_{\chi}$ and the mediator mass $m_{\mathrm{med}}$. The plane under the limit curve is excluded.

The expected 95% CL exclusion contour (-1$\sigma$) for a simplified model of dark-matter production involving an axial-vector operator, Dirac DM and couplings $g_{q}$ = 0.1, $g_{\chi}$ = 1 and $g_{l}$ = 0.1 as a function of the dark-matter mass $m_{\chi}$ and the mediator mass $m_{\mathrm{med}}$. The plane under the limit curve is excluded.

The expected 95% CL exclusion contour for a simplified model of dark-matter production involving an axial-vector operator, Dirac DM and couplings $g_{q}$ = 0.1, $g_{\chi}$ = 1 and $g_{l}$ = 0.1 as a function of the dark-matter mass $m_{\chi}$ and the mediator mass $m_{\mathrm{med}}$. The plane under the limit curve is excluded.

The observed 95% CL exclusion contour for a simplified model of dark-matter production involving a vector operator with couplings $g_{q}$ = 0.25, $g_{\chi}$ =1 and $g_{l}$ = 0 as a function of the dark-matter mass $m_{\chi}$ and the mediator mass $m_{\mathrm{med}}$. The plane under the limit curve is excluded.

The expected 95% CL exclusion contour ($+1\sigma$) for a simplified model of dark-matter production involving a vector operator with couplings $g_{q}$ = 0.25, $g_{\chi}$ =1 and $g_{l}$ = 0 as a function of the dark-matter mass $m_{\chi}$ and the mediator mass $m_{\mathrm{med}}$. The plane under the limit curve is excluded.

The expected 95% CL exclusion contour ($-1\sigma$) for a simplified model of dark-matter production involving a vector operator with couplings $g_{q}$ = 0.25, $g_{\chi}$ =1 and $g_{l}$ = 0 as a function of the dark-matter mass $m_{\chi}$ and the mediator mass $m_{\mathrm{med}}$. The plane under the limit curve is excluded.

The expected 95% CL exclusion contour for a simplified model of dark-matter production involving a vector operator with couplings $g_{q}$ = 0.25, $g_{\chi}$ =1 and $g_{l}$ = 0 as a function of the dark-matter mass $m_{\chi}$ and the mediator mass $m_{\mathrm{med}}$. The plane under the limit curve is excluded.

The observed 95% CL exclusion contour for a simplified model of dark-matter production involving for a vector operator with couplings $g_{q}$ = 0.1, $g_{\chi}$ = 1 and $g_{l}$ = 0.01 as a function of the dark-matter mass $m_{\chi}$ and the mediator mass $m_{\mathrm{med}}$. The plane under the limit curve is excluded.

The expected 95% CL exclusion contour ($+1\sigma$) for a simplified model of dark-matter production involving for a vector operator with couplings $g_{q}$ = 0.1, $g_{\chi}$ = 1 and $g_{l}$ = 0.01 as a function of the dark-matter mass $m_{\chi}$ and the mediator mass $m_{\mathrm{med}}$. The plane under the limit curve is excluded.

The expected 95% CL exclusion contour ($-1\sigma$) for a simplified model of dark-matter production involving for a vector operator with couplings $g_{q}$ = 0.1, $g_{\chi}$ = 1 and $g_{l}$ = 0.01 as a function of the dark-matter mass $m_{\chi}$ and the mediator mass $m_{\mathrm{med}}$. The plane under the limit curve is excluded.

The expected 95% CL exclusion contour for a simplified model of dark-matter production involving for a vector operator with couplings $g_{q}$ = 0.1, $g_{\chi}$ = 1 and $g_{l}$ = 0.01 as a function of the dark-matter mass $m_{\chi}$ and the mediator mass $m_{\mathrm{med}}$. The plane under the limit curve is excluded.

The 90% CL exclusion limit on the $\chi$-proton scattering cross section in a simplifed model of dark-matter production involving an axial-vector operator, Dirac DM and couplings $g_{q}$ = 0.25, $g_{\chi}$ = 1 and $g_{l}$ = 0 as a function of the dark-matter mass $m_{\chi}$.

The 90% CL exclusion limit on the $\chi$-nucleon scattering cross section in a simplifed model of dark-matter production involving a vector operator, Dirac DM and couplings $g_{q}$ = 0.25, $g_{\chi}$ = 1 and $g_{l}$ = 0 as a function of the dark-matter mass $m_{\chi}$.

The observed and expected 95% CL limits on M* for a dimension-7 operator EFT model with a contact interaction of type $\gamma\gamma\chi\chi$ as a function of dark-matter mass $m_{\chi}$.

The observed and expected limit at 95% CL on the production cross section of a $Z\gamma$ resonance as a function of its mass.

The observed 95% CL upper limits on signal strength $\mu$, the ratio of the experimental limit to the predicted signal cross section, for a simplified model of dark matter production involving an axial-vector operator, Dirac DM and couplings $g_{q}$ = 0.25 and $g_{\chi}$ = 1 as a function of the DM and the mediator particle masses. The bound on $\mu$ only applies for choices of couplings that yield the same kinematic distributions as the benchmark model.

Acceptance, in %, for a simplified model of dark matter production involving an axial-vector operator, Dirac DM and couplings $g_{q}$= 0.25 and $g_{\chi}$ = 1 for various $m_{\chi}$ and $m_{\textrm{med}}$ values. It is constant as a function of $m_{\chi}$ for a fixed $m_{\textrm{med}}$ in the region $m_{\textrm{med}}>2m_{\chi}$.

Fiducial reconstruction efficiencies in the three inclusive signal regions for a simplified model of dark matter production involving an axial-vector operator, Dirac DM and couplings $g_{q}$= 0.25 and $g_{\chi}$ = 1 for various $m_{\chi}$ and $m_{\textrm{med}}$ values. It is constant as a function of $m_{\chi}$ for a fixed $m_{\textrm{med}}$ in the region $m_{\textrm{med}}>2m_{\chi}$.