The inclusive production of π± andK± mesons and of protons and antiprotons ine+e− annihilation has been measured at c.m. energies ofW=14, 22 and 34GeV. Using time of flight measurements and Cerenkov counters the full momentum range has been covered. Differential cross sections and total particle yields are given. At particle momenta of 0.4 GeV/c more than 90% of the charged hadrons are pions. With increasing momentum the fraction of pions among the charged hadrons decreases. AtW=34 GeV and a momentum of 5 GeV/c the particle fractions are approximately π±:K±:p,\(\bar p = 0.55:0.3:0.15\). On average an event atW=34 GeV contains 10.3±0.4π±, 2.0±0.2K± and 0.8±0.1p,\(\bar p\). In addition, we present results on baryon correlations using a sample of events where two or more protons and/or antiprotons are observed in the final state.
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Dimuon and trimuon events produced by the interaction of 250 GeV muons in an iron target have been studied and are shown to originate predominantly from charm production. The data are used to measure the contribution of charm to the nucleon structure function F 2 . The cross sections for real photoproduction ( Q 2 =0) of charm in the current fragmentation region are derived as a function of photon energy and are found to be ∼0.6% of the total, hadronic photoproduction cross section in this energy range. The measured cross sections are found to be well represented by the photon-gluon fusion model. The charmed quark fragmentation function is obtained by using this model to fit the measured decay muon energy distribution and is found to be well represented by exp(1.6±1.6) Z . The data are used to study the momentum distribution of the gluons in the nucleon. An upper limit of 1.4% (90% confidence level) is set on the branching ratio D→ μν and a model-dependent upper limit on the branching ratio F→ μν is derived.
The charm contribution to the nucleon structure function from the dimuon data.
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The ratios of neutral current to charged current cross sections of neutrino and antineutrino interactions in heavy Ne/H 2 mixture have been measured in BEBC. The beam was the CERN SPS 200 GeV/ c narrow band beam. The ratios were obtained using a cut in the transverse momentum of the hadronic system. In the standard Glashow-Salam-Weinberg model, our results correspond to the value of sin 2 θ w = 0.182 ± 0.020 ± 0.012. By combining this experiment with data from a hydrogen target the coupling constants u L 2 and L 2 are found to be 0.15 ± 0.04 and 0.19 ± 0.05, respectively.
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We have observed exclusive production of K + K − and K S O K S O pairs and the excitation of the f′(1515) tensor meson in photon-photon collisions. Assuming the f′ to be production in a helicity 2 state, we determine Λ( f ′ → γγ) B( f ′ → K K ) = 0.11 ± 0.02 ± 0.04 keV . The non-strange quark of the f′ is found to be less than 3% (95% CL). For the θ(1640) we derive an upper limit for the product Λ(θ rarr; γγ K K ) < 0.03 keV (95% CL ) .
Data read from graph.. Errors are the square roots of the number of events.
Data read from graph.. Errors are the square roots of the number of events.
Proton-antiproton and proton-proton elastic scattering have been measured in the four-momentum transfer range 0.001⩽| t |⩽0.06 GeV 2 for center-of-mass energy 52.8 GeV at the CERN Intersecting Storage Rings (ISR). Using the known pp total cross section, a simultaneous fit to the pp̄ and pp differential cross sections yields the pp̄ total cross section; in addition, we obtain the ratio of the real-to-imaginary part of the forward nuclear-scattering amplitude and the nuclear-slope parameter for both pp̄ and pp. Our results show conclusively that the pp̄ total cross section is rising at ISR energies and lend support to conventional theories in which the difference between the pp̄ and pp total cross section vanishes at very high energy.
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RESULTS OF FIT.
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Differential cross sections of proton Compton scattering have been measured at the Bonn 2.5 GeV synchrotron. The experiment covers photon laboratory energies between 1.2 GeV and 1.7 GeV and the square of the four-momentum transfer ranges fromt=−0.17 GeV2 to −0.98GeV2 corresponding to c.m. scattering angles between 35° and 80°. The cross sections exhibit a forward peak followed by a monotone fall-off up to the largest measured |t|-values. Fits of the formdσ/dt=A·exp(Bt) to the data points with |t|≦0.5 GeV2 yield forward cross sectionsA, which are consistent with the 0° cross sections calculated from the measured total photon-proton cross section. The average slope isB=5.6±0.14 GeV2.
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The reaction π−N→KS0KS0π−N′ at 200 GeV/c has been observed with a sensitivity of 450±150 events/μb. The KS0KS0π− system exhibits substantial K*−(890)K0 production. Also produced are f0(1270)π−, f′(1515)π−, and K*−(1430)K0 final states. These resonances occur predominantly at threshold. The diffractive KS0KS0π− cross section is 3.4±1.1 μb. An enhancement near the A3−(1680) is observed in the KS0KS0π− invariant-mass distribution.
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EVIDENCE FOR A3 MESON SEEN.
Charm D-meson production in 360 GeV π − p interactions has been studied using the high-resolution hydrogen bubble chamber LEBC and the European Hybrid Spectrometer. The data show evidence for leading quark effects both in the number of D-meson types and in the Feynman x distributions. The production cross section is of the form d 2 δ d x d p T 2 ∞(1-x) n exp (-ap T 2 ) with n = 2.8±0.8 and a = 1.1±0.3 (GeV/ c ) −2 . The x distribution is, however, compatible with the presence of both central ( n = 6) and leading (n = 1) D / D production. The fraction of D-messons in the leading component is estimated to be ≈30%. The rapidity gap between members of reconstructed charm pairs is small compared to the available rapidity range. The inclusive cross section for single D-messons in the forward direction is: δ(D/ D )=(40 8 +15 )μ b ( for x>0) .
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Inclusive neutrino and antineutrino charged current interactions were studied in the CHARM detector exposed to neutrino and antineutrino Wide Band Beams of the CERN 400 GeV SPS. The x and Q 2 dependence of the structure functions F 2 and xF 3 and of the antiquark momentum distribution q were determined. The data have been interpreted in terms of QCD theory using the Furmanski-Petronzio method. In this way we have determined Λ LO = [190 −40 +70 ( stat ) ± 70 ( syst .)] MeV and the structure functions of quarks and gluons without specific assumptions on their analytic dependence. The results agree with previous experiments which relied on model assumptions in the analysis. We conclude that the model independent simultaneous analysis of the xF 3 , F 2 , q structure functions gives a more reliable determination of the gluon distribution in the nucleon.
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HERE THE QBAR IS D2(SIG(ANU))/DX/DY - (1-Y)**2*D2(SIG(NU))/DX/DY.
Charm D-meson production in 360 GeV pp interactions has been studied using the high-resolution hydrogen bubble chamber LEBC and the European Hybrid Spectrometer. D-mesons are produced with a differential cross section of the form d 2 σ d x d p T 2 δ(1-x) n exp (-ap T 2 ) , with n =1.8± 0.8 and a =1.1±0.03 GeV/ c −2 for the Feynman x and Transverse momentum p T behaviour. The inclusive partle prticle crossssection for D and D̄;measured to be: σ(D/ D ̄ ) = (56 −12 25 μ b (for all x ). The Λ c D ̄ cross section can be estimated to be ≈20 μ b. No strong correlation is observed between DD̄ pairs. The results are compared with results from a study of D-meaon production in 360 GeV/ c π − p interactions also using LEBC-EHS.
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