Upper plot: points are measured $p/E_{tower}$ electron peak position as a function of the distance to the center of the tower. The solid line is from a calculation based on a full GEANT simulation of the detector response to electrons. Lower plot: points show measured energy deposited by electrons in the tower as a function of the momentum for distances to the center of the tower smaller than 2.0 cm. The first point is the electron equivalent energy of the minimum ionizing particles. The solid line is a second order polynomial fit of the data.

Mean values from GEANT simulations of the energy deposited in the EMC by various hadronic species as a function of momentum.

Spatial profiles of energy deposition in the EMC as a function of distance ($d$) from the hit point to the center of the tower for $\pi^{+}$ and $\pi^{-}$ from simulations and for positive and negative hadrons from data. The arrow indicates the distance corresponding to the border of a tower in 0 < $\eta$ < 0.2. An overall agreement between the shapes of the profiles is observed, with a small normalization difference.

Event-by-event ratio of the reconstructed electromagnetic energy for the most central events. The solid line is a gaussian fit.

Total Transverse Energy for 0 < $\eta$ < 1. The minimum bias distribution is presented as well as the distributions for the different centrality bins (see table III). The shaded area corresponds to the 5% most central bin. The main axis scale corresponds to the $E_{T}$ measured in the detector acceptance and the bottom axis is corrected to represent the extrapolation to full azimuthal acceptance.

⟨$dE_{T}/d\eta|_{\eta=0.5}$⟩ per $N_{part}$ pair vs. $N_{part}$. Upper panel: $N_{part}$ is obtained from Monte Carlo Glauber calculations. The lines show calculations using the HIJING model [27](solid), the EKRT saturation model [7] (dotted, Eq. 8) and the two component fit (dashed, see text). Results from WA98 [14] and PHENIX [15] are also shown. The grey bands correspond to overall systematic uncertainties, independent of $N_{part}$. Error bars are the quadrature sum of the errors on the measurements and the uncertainties on $N_{part}$ calculation. Lower panel: the same data are shown as in the upper panel but using and Optical Glauber model calculation for $N_{part}$. The line shows the same result from EKRT model calculation.

⟨$dE_{T}/d\eta|_{\eta=0.5}$⟩ per $N_{part}$ pair vs. $N_{part}$. Upper panel: $N_{part}$ is obtained from Monte Carlo Glauber calculations. The lines show calculations using the HIJING model [27](solid), the EKRT saturation model [7] (dotted, Eq. 8) and the two component fit (dashed, see text). Results from WA98 [14] and PHENIX [15] are also shown. The grey bands correspond to overall systematic uncertainties, independent of $N_{part}$. Error bars are the quadrature sum of the errors on the measurements and the uncertainties on $N_{part}$ calculation. Lower panel: the same data are shown as in the upper panel but using and Optical Glauber model calculation for $N_{part}$. The line shows the same result from EKRT model calculation.

$dE_{T}/dy$ (see text for details) per $N_{part}$ pair vs $sqrt{s_{NN}}$ for central events. In this figure $dE_{T}/dy/(0.5N_{part})$ is seen to grow logarithmicaly with $sqrt{s_{NN}}$. The error bar in the STAR point represents the total systematic uncertainty. The solid line is a EKRT model prediction [7], corrected for $d\eta/dy$, for central Au+Au collisions.

Upper panel - ⟨$dE_{T}/d\eta⟩/⟨dN_{ch}/d\eta$⟩ vs $N_{part}$. Predictions from HIJING simulations for Au+Au at 200 GeV are presented. Results from WA98 [14] and PHENIX [15] are also shown. The grey band corresponds to an overall normalization uncertainty for the STAR measurement. Bottom panel - Charged hadrons mean transverse momentum as a function of $N_{part}$ [37].

Upper panel - ⟨$dE_{T}/d\eta⟩/⟨dN_{ch}/d\eta$⟩ vs $N_{part}$. Predictions from HIJING simulations for Au+Au at 200 GeV are presented. Results from WA98 [14] and PHENIX [15] are also shown. The grey band corresponds to an overall normalization uncertainty for the STAR measurement. Bottom panel - Charged hadrons mean transverse momentum as a function of $N_{part}$ [37].

⟨$dE_{T}/d\eta⟩/⟨dN_{ch}/d\eta$⟩ vs $sqrt{s_{NN}}$ for central events. The error bar in the STAR point corresponds to the systematic uncertaintiy. A constant value of ∼ 800 MeV per charged particle, within errors, characterizes transverse energy production over this full energy range.

Energy dependence of the electromagnetic fraction of the transverse energy for a number of systems spanning SPS to RHIC energy for central events.

Participant number dependence of the electromagnetic fraction of the total transverse energy. The results are consistent with HIJING within errors over the full centrality range.

Normalized dynamic texture for fineness scale m = 1

Normalized dynamic texture for fineness scale m = 1

Normalized dynamic texture for fineness scale m = 0

Scale dependence of the dynamic texture in peripheral collisions

Scale dependence of the dynamic texture in peripheral collisions

Scale dependence of the dynamic texture in central collisions

Scale dependence of the dynamic texture in central collisions

Upper panel, Azimuthal distributions of associated particles for trigger particles in-plane (squares) and out-of-plane (triangles) for Au+Au collisions at centrality 20-60%. Open symbols are reflections of solid symbols around $\Delta \phi$ = 0 and $\Delta \phi$ = $\pi$. Elliptic flow contribution is shown by dashed lines. Lower panel, Distributions after substracting elliptic flow, and the corresponding measurement in p + p collisions (histogram).

$v_{2}$ at 3 ≤ $p_{t}$ ≤ 6 GeV/c versus impact parameter, b, compared to models of particle emission by a static source (see text).

The centrality dependence of the ratio of charged hadron spectra in backward rapidity to forward rapidity

The ratio of central (0-20%) to peripheral (40-100%) spectra in d+Au collisions for various pseudorapidity regions

Symmetrized pair-density net ratios $\widehat{r}[X(p_{t1}),X(p_{t2})]-1$ for all nonidentified charged primary particles for peripheral Au-Au collision events at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=130$ GeV.

Distribution for the maxPT jet above 180 GeV.

Charged hadron v2 for the centrality bin 0-50%.

v2(4) vs. p_T for pions for 20 - 60% centrality

v2(4) vs. p_T for kaons for 20 - 60% centrality

v2(4) vs. p_T for anti-protons for 20 - 60% centrality

v2(2) vs. centrality for pions

v2(2) vs. centrality for kaons

v2(2) vs. centrality for anti-protons

v2 vs. p_T for particles identified in the RICH (min. bias) for pions+kaons and protons/antiprotons

v2 for Kshort for min. bias

v2 for kaons from kinks for min. bias

v2 for kaons from dE/dx for min. bias

v2 for Lambda+Lambdabar for min. bias [PRL/92/052302/2004]. The PHENIX data are from [PRL/91/182301/2003]. The hydro calculations are from [P. Huovinen/private communication].

v2 for charged pions for min. bias. kaon data points are from Figure 9.

v2 for anti-protons for min. bias. kaon data points are from Figure 9.

Azimuthal correlations (\sum_i cos(2(\phi_pT -\phi_i))) in Au+Au collisions as a function of p_T along with results from p+p collisions.

Azimuthal correlations (\sum_i cos(2(\phi_pT -\phi_i))) from d+Au as a function of p_T for min bias collisions.

Azimuthal correlations (\sum_i cos(2(\phi_pT -\phi_i))) from d+Au as a function of p_T for three centralities.

Charged hadron v2 and v4{EP_2} as a function of pseudorapidity for minimum bias.

v2(2) and v2(4) vs. pseudorapidity

v2(2) and v2(4) vs. pseudorapidity,FTPC only

v2(4) 20-70% in TPC+FTPC and v2(2) 20-70% in FTPC.

MC v2 with FTPC momentum resolution.

Charged hadron v2 for the centrality bin 0-5% in standard and modified event plane methods.

Charged hadron v2 for the centrality bin 5-10% in standard and modified event plane methods.

Charged hadron v2 for the centrality bin 10-20% in standard and modified event plane methods.

Charged hadron v2 for the centrality bin 20-30% in standard and modified event plane methods.

Charged hadron v2 for the centrality bin 30-40% in standard and modified event plane methods.

Charged hadron v2 for the centrality bin 40-60% in standard and modified event plane methods.

Charged hadron v2{2} from modified reaction plane method and two-particle cumulant results (after subtracting the correlations measured in p+p collisions) for centrality bin 20-60% .

v4(EP2) for charged hadrons min. bias

v4(EP2) vs. centrality for charged hadrons

v4(EP2) for pions in min. bias

v4(EP2) for protons in min. bias

v4(EP2) for kaons in min. bias

v4(EP2) for Lambda in min. bias

Charged hadron v4{EP_2} as a function of pseudorapidity for minimum bias (TPC only).

charged hadrons high p_T (3 - 6 GeV/c) v4(3)

charged hadron integrated v2 as a function of centrality for the different methods

charged hadron v2(6) vs. centrality bin. v2(2) and v2(4) are from Figure 29(a).

g2 as a function of centrality from 200 GeV, 130 GeV,NA49 and q-dist methods. The solid points are from the cumulant method, while open circles are from the q distribution method. Please note that centrality percentage differs from different method. For 200 GeV-cumulant (0, 64.1, 53.9,44.7,35.2,25.4,15.1,7.7,0), for 200 GeV-q-dist (73.8,64.1,53.9,44.7,35.2,25.4,15.1,7.7,2.3), for 130 GeV (65,47,36,27.5,20,13,7.5,2.5,0) and for 17 GeV (0,0,0,61.2,38.2,29.1,18.2,8.5,3.8).

wounded nucleons as a function of centrality from 200 GeV, 130 GeV,NA49 and q-dist methods.Please note that centrality percentage differs from different method. For 200 GeV-cumulant (0, 64.1, 53.9,44.7,35.2,25.4,15.1,7.7,0), for 200 GeV-q-dist (73.8,64.1,53.9,44.7,35.2,25.4,15.1,7.7,2.3), for 130 GeV (65,47,36,27.5,20,13,7.5,2.5,0) and for 17 GeV (0,0,0,61.2,38.2,29.1,18.2,8.5,3.8).

v2/n for pions for three centrality bins

v2/n for protons for three centrality bins

v2/n for Kshort for three centrality bins

v2/n for Lambda + Lambda bar for three centrality bins

Blast Wave parameters rho_2 from pion v2(2),pion v2 and hadron v2

Blast Wave parameters rho_4 from hadron v2

Blast Wave parameters epsilon from pion v2(2),pion v2, hadron v2 and initial

Blast Wave parameters rho_0 from pion v2(2),pion v2 and hadron v2

Blast Wave parameters T from pion v2(2),pion v2 and hadron v2

HBT parameters for the three possible fitting procedures to the correlation functions described in this paper depending on how Coulomb interaction is taken into account from the 0-5% most central events.

HBT parameters for the three possible fitting procedures to the correlation functions described in this paper depending on how Coulomb interaction is taken into account from the 0-5% most central events.

HBT parameters for the three possible fitting procedures to the correlation functions described in this paper depending on how Coulomb interaction is taken into account from the 0-5% most central events.

HBT parameters for the three possible fitting procedures to the correlation functions described in this paper depending on how Coulomb interaction is taken into account from the 0-5% most central events.

1D correlation function for pi+pi- compared to standard, Bowler-Sinyukov, and a thoretical calculation that includes Coulomb and strong interactions.

Momentum resolution for pions at midrapidity expressed by the widths dp_T/p_T, dphi and dtheta as a function of p.

Squared HBT radii relative to the reaction plane angle, without and with the reaction plane resolution applied, for two different centrality-kT ranges. 20-30%, 0.15 < kT < 0.25, RP uncorrected.

Squared HBT radii relative to the reaction plane angle, without and with the reaction plane resolution applied, for two different centrality-kT ranges. 20-30%, 0.15 < kT < 0.25, RP res. corrected.

Squared HBT radii relative to the reaction plane angle, without and with the reaction plane resolution applied, for two different centrality-kT ranges. 10-20%, 0.35 < kT < 0.45, RP uncorrected.

Squared HBT radii relative to the reaction plane angle, without and with the reaction plane resolution applied, for two different centrality-kT ranges. 10-20%, 0.35 < kT < 0.45, RP res. uncorrected.

Squared HBT radii relative to the reaction plane angle, for the case where the lambda parameter is averaged and fixed in the fit, and the case where lambda is a free fit parameter for each Phi. 20-30%, 0.15 < kT < 0.25, fixed lambda.

Squared HBT radii relative to the reaction plane angle, for the case where the lambda parameter is averaged and fixed in the fit, and the case where lambda is a free fit parameter for each Phi. 20-30%, 0.15 < kT < 0.25, lambda varied.

Squared HBT radii relative to the reaction plane angle, for the case where the lambda parameter is averaged and fixed in the fit, and the case where lambda is a free fit parameter for each Phi. 10-20%, 0.35 < kT < 0.45, lambda fixed.

Squared HBT radii relative to the reaction plane angle, for the case where the lambda parameter is averaged and fixed in the fit, and the case where lambda is a free fit parameter for each Phi. 10-20%, 0.35 < kT < 0.45, lambda varied.

Fourier coefficients as a function of the maximum fraction of merged hits for the 5% most central events and kT between 150 and 250 MeV/c.

Projections of the 3 dimensional correlation function and fits to Eq. (10) and with the Edgeworth expansion to Eq. (17) to 6th order.

HBT parameters for the 0-5% most central events for fits to Eq. (10) and to Eq. (17) with no expansion.

HBT parameters for the 0-5% most central events for fits to Eq. (10) and to Eq. (17) upto 4th order expansion.

HBT parameters for the 0-5% most central events for fits to Eq. (10) and to Eq. (17) upto 6th order expansion.

HBT parameters for the 0-5% most central events for pi+pi+ and pi-pi- correlation functions.

HBT parameters from STAR and PHENIX at the same beam energy for the 0-30% most central events.

Energy dependence of the pi- HBT parameters for central Au+Au, Pb+Pb, and Pb+Au collisions at midrapidity and k_T ~ 0.2 GeV/c.

HBT parameters vs. m_T for 6 different centralities.

Fourier coefficients of azimuthal oscillations of HBT radii vs. numer of participating nucleons, for pi+ and pi- pairs separately (0.25 < kT < 0.35 GeV/c).

Comparison between the HBT radii obtained from the azimuthally integrated (traditional) HBT analysis and the 0th-order Fourier coefficients from the azimuthally-sensitive HBT analysis.

HBT radius parametres for 6 different centralities.

Extracted parameters R' and alpha, from the power-law fits to the HBT radius parameters.

Extracted freeze-out source radius extracted from a blast wave fit; source radius Rgeom from fits to Rside; and 2*Rside for the lowest k_T bin as a function of the number of participants.

HBT parameter Rside.

R - Rinitial (top panel) and R/Rinitial (bottom panel) for the azimuthally integrated analysis for the azimuthally-sensitive case vs. number of participants.

R - Rinitial (top panel) and R/Rinitial (bottom panel) for in the x (in-plane) and y (out-of-plane) directions for the azimuthally-sensitive case vs. number of participants.

R - Rinitial for the azimuthally integrated analysis for the azimuthally-sensitive case vs. (dN/dy)/Rinitial.

R - Rinitial in the x (in-plane) direction for the azimuthally-sensitive case vs. (dN/dy)/Rinitial.

R - Rinitial in the y (out-of-plane) direction for the azimuthally-sensitive case vs. (dN/dy)/Rinitial.

Longitudinal HBT radius Rl.

Evolution time tau vs. number of participants as extracted from a fit to Rl, lines in Fig. 26 (triangles), and from a blast wave fit to HBT parameters and spectra (circles).

R - Rinital for the azimuthally integrated analysis and for the in-plane and out-of-plane directions vs. beta_T,max*tau.

R - Rinital for the azimuthally integrated analysis and for the in-plane and out-of-plane directions vs. beta_T,max*tau.

R - Rinital for the azimuthally integrated analysis and for the in-plane and out-of-plane directions vs. beta_T,max*tau.

Emission duration time dTau vs. number of participants as extracted using a blast wave fit to HBT parameters and spectra.

Final source eccentricity as calculated from the Fourier coefficients (2R_{s,2}^2/R_{s,0}^2) and from the final in-plane and out-of-plane radii vs. initial eccentricity.