The asymmetries in forward π−N, π−Δ, and K+−(Λ+Σ) photoproduction have been measured with a 16-GeV linearly polarized beam. The experimental method and the procedures for extracting cross sections and asymmetries from the data are discussed in detail. Information on the energy and momentum-transfer dependence of cross sections for natural- and unnatural-parity exchange, interference between exchanges of opposite G parity, and vector-meson dominance is obtained and discussed.
ASYMMETRIES AND DIFFERENTIAL CROSS SECTIONS FOR PION-NUCLEON PHOTOPRODUCTION WERE FIRST PUBLISHED IN D. J. SHERDEN ET AL., PRL 30, 1230 (1973) AND PRL 31, 667 (1973) (ERRATUM). THESE SLIGHTLY REVISED NUMBERS ARE INCLUDED IN THE RECORD OF THE 1973 PAPER.
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Using a 16-GeV linearly polarized photon beam, we have measured asymmetries in the process γN→K+(Λ+Σ) from hydrogen and deuterium, for square of four-momentum transfer, t, between -0.01 and -0.8 (GeV/c)2. The data show that for −t≳0.1 (GeV/c)2, the cross sections for γp→K+Λ, γp→K+Σ0, and γn→K+Σ− are strongly dominated by natural-parity exchange, as is the case in single-pion photoproduction.
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We have measured the asymmetry of the cross section for γp→π+n from a polarized target at 5 and 16 GeV. The range of four-momentum transfer was 0.02<~−t<~1.0 GeV2. The π+ mesons were produced in a polarized butanol target and detected with the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center 20−GeVc spectrometer. A sizable asymmetry was found at both 5 and 16 GeV, a typical value being -0.6 near −t=0.3 GeV2. A small amount of data on the asymmetry of other photoproduction processes was also obtained.
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Cross sections for the reactions γp→K+Λ and γp→K+Σ0 have been measured at squared four-momentum transfer (−t) from 0.005 to 2 GeV2, at photon energies 5, 8, 11, and 16 GeV. For −t>0.2 GeV2 each of the K+ cross sections is about ⅓ of the π+n photoproduction cross section, having nearly the same energy and momentum-transfer dependence. The K+ cross sections fall off at small |t|, however, in contrast to the sharp forward spike seen in π+n; this leads to a disagreement with an SU(3) prediction for −t<0.1 GeV2. The ratio of K+Σ0 to K+Λ cross sections is typically between 0.5 and 1.0.
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