The centrality dependence of the ratio of charged hadron spectra in backward rapidity to forward rapidity

The ratio of central (0-20%) to peripheral (40-100%) spectra in d+Au collisions for various pseudorapidity regions

Symmetrized pair-density net ratios $\widehat{r}[X(p_{t1}),X(p_{t2})]-1$ for all nonidentified charged primary particles for peripheral Au-Au collision events at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=130$ GeV.

$\Delta\phi$ distributions for meson triggers with 2.5 < $p_T$ < 4.0 GeV/$c$ and associated charged hadrons with 1.7 < $p_T$ < 2.5 GeV/$c$ for 60-70% centrality in Au+Au collisions.

$\Delta\phi$ distributions for baryon triggers with 2.5 < $p_T$ < 4.0 GeV/$c$ and associated charged hadrons with 1.7 < $p_T$ < 2.5 GeV/$c$ for 60-70% centrality in Au+Au collisions.

Combinatorial Background Levels from Figure 1 Top Panels.

Combinatorial Background Levels from Figure 1 Bottom Panels.

Trigger Particle $v_2$ values.

Partner Particle $v_2$ values.

Yield per trigger for associated charged hadrons between 1.7 < $p_T$ < 2.5 GeV/$c$ for the near- (top) and away- (bottom) side jets.

Yield per trigger for associated charged hadrons between 1.7 < $p_T$ < 2.5 GeV/$c$ for the near- (top) and away- (bottom) side jets.

Uncertainties in Figure 2 as a function of $N_{part}$ and trigger type for AuAu and $d$+Au.

Uncertainties in Figure 2 as a function of $N_{part}$ and trigger type for AuAu and $d$+Au.

$p_T$ spectra of the near side associated charged hadrons corrected to the full jet yield for meson triggers at 2.5 < $p_T$ < 4.0 GeV/$c$ and $|\eta|$ < 0.35 for six centralities in Au+Au and $d$+Au collisions.

$p_T$ spectra of the near side associated charged hadrons corrected to the full jet yield for meson triggers at 2.5 < $p_T$ < 4.0 GeV/$c$ and $|\eta|$ < 0.35 for six centralities in Au+Au and $d$+Au collisions.

$p_T$ spectra of the near side associated charged hadrons corrected to the full jet yield for baryon triggers at 2.5 < $p_T$ < 4.0 GeV/$c$ and $|\eta|$ < 0.35 for six centralities in Au+Au, $d$+Au and $p$+$p$ collisions.

Inverse slopes from the fits in Figure 3.

Inverse slopes from the fits in Figure 3.

Inverse slopes from the fits in Figure 3.

Spectrum in transverse momentum of electrons created in open heavy flavor decays, for 0-10% centrality.

Spectrum in transverse momentum of electrons created in open heavy flavor decays, for 10-20% centrality.

Spectrum in transverse momentum of electrons created in open heavy flavor decays, for 20-40% centrality.

Spectrum in transverse momentum of electrons created in open heavy flavor decays, for 40-60% centrality.

Spectra in transverse momentum of electrons created in open heavy flavor decays, for 60-92% centrality.

Non photonic electrons differential yield scaled by the number of collisions, as a function of centrality. PT belongs to 0.8-4.0 GeV/c.

Non photonic electrons differential yield scaled by the number of collisions, for minimum bias collisions. PT belongs to 0.8-4.0 GeV/c.

Number of collisions as a fonction of centrality There are only systematic errors due to the calculation of Ncoll.

Number of collisions for minimum bias events There are only systematic errors due to the calculation of Ncoll.

Nuclear overlap function TAA as a function of centrality The axis is labelled with 1/SIG, because the unit of the nuclear overlap function is barn-1 There are only systematic errors due to the calculation of TAA.

Nuclear overlap function TAA for minimum bias events The axis is labelled with 1/SIG, as the unit of the nuclear overlap function is barn-1 There are only systematic errors due to the calculation of TAA.

Differential charm cross section scaled by the number of collisions, at mid rapidity, as a function of centrality The differential cross section per number of collisions D(SIG)/Ncoll is calculated as following : D(SIG)/Ncoll = D(N(cc_bar))/TAA.

Differential charm cross section scaled by the number of collisions, at mid rapidity, for minimum bias events The differential cross section per number of collisions D(SIG)/Ncoll is calculated as following : D(SIG)/Ncoll = D(N(cc_bar))/TAA.

Total charm cross section scaled by the number of collisions, as a function of centrality The total cross section per number of collisions SIG/Ncoll is calculated as following : SIG/Ncoll = N(cc_bar)/TAA.

Total charm cross section scaled by the number of collisions, for minimum bias events The total cross section per number of collisions SIG/Ncoll is calculated as following : SIG/Ncoll = N(cc_bar)/TAA.

Charged hadron v2 for the centrality bin 0-50%.

v2(4) vs. p_T for pions for 20 - 60% centrality

v2(4) vs. p_T for kaons for 20 - 60% centrality

v2(4) vs. p_T for anti-protons for 20 - 60% centrality

v2(2) vs. centrality for pions

v2(2) vs. centrality for kaons

v2(2) vs. centrality for anti-protons

v2 vs. p_T for particles identified in the RICH (min. bias) for pions+kaons and protons/antiprotons

v2 for Kshort for min. bias

v2 for kaons from kinks for min. bias

v2 for kaons from dE/dx for min. bias

v2 for Lambda+Lambdabar for min. bias [PRL/92/052302/2004]. The PHENIX data are from [PRL/91/182301/2003]. The hydro calculations are from [P. Huovinen/private communication].

v2 for charged pions for min. bias. kaon data points are from Figure 9.

v2 for anti-protons for min. bias. kaon data points are from Figure 9.

Azimuthal correlations (\sum_i cos(2(\phi_pT -\phi_i))) in Au+Au collisions as a function of p_T along with results from p+p collisions.

Azimuthal correlations (\sum_i cos(2(\phi_pT -\phi_i))) from d+Au as a function of p_T for min bias collisions.

Azimuthal correlations (\sum_i cos(2(\phi_pT -\phi_i))) from d+Au as a function of p_T for three centralities.

Charged hadron v2 and v4{EP_2} as a function of pseudorapidity for minimum bias.

v2(2) and v2(4) vs. pseudorapidity

v2(2) and v2(4) vs. pseudorapidity,FTPC only

v2(4) 20-70% in TPC+FTPC and v2(2) 20-70% in FTPC.

MC v2 with FTPC momentum resolution.

Charged hadron v2 for the centrality bin 0-5% in standard and modified event plane methods.

Charged hadron v2 for the centrality bin 5-10% in standard and modified event plane methods.

Charged hadron v2 for the centrality bin 10-20% in standard and modified event plane methods.

Charged hadron v2 for the centrality bin 20-30% in standard and modified event plane methods.

Charged hadron v2 for the centrality bin 30-40% in standard and modified event plane methods.

Charged hadron v2 for the centrality bin 40-60% in standard and modified event plane methods.

Charged hadron v2{2} from modified reaction plane method and two-particle cumulant results (after subtracting the correlations measured in p+p collisions) for centrality bin 20-60% .

v4(EP2) for charged hadrons min. bias

v4(EP2) vs. centrality for charged hadrons

v4(EP2) for pions in min. bias

v4(EP2) for protons in min. bias

v4(EP2) for kaons in min. bias

v4(EP2) for Lambda in min. bias

Charged hadron v4{EP_2} as a function of pseudorapidity for minimum bias (TPC only).

charged hadrons high p_T (3 - 6 GeV/c) v4(3)

charged hadron integrated v2 as a function of centrality for the different methods

charged hadron v2(6) vs. centrality bin. v2(2) and v2(4) are from Figure 29(a).

g2 as a function of centrality from 200 GeV, 130 GeV,NA49 and q-dist methods. The solid points are from the cumulant method, while open circles are from the q distribution method. Please note that centrality percentage differs from different method. For 200 GeV-cumulant (0, 64.1, 53.9,44.7,35.2,25.4,15.1,7.7,0), for 200 GeV-q-dist (73.8,64.1,53.9,44.7,35.2,25.4,15.1,7.7,2.3), for 130 GeV (65,47,36,27.5,20,13,7.5,2.5,0) and for 17 GeV (0,0,0,61.2,38.2,29.1,18.2,8.5,3.8).

wounded nucleons as a function of centrality from 200 GeV, 130 GeV,NA49 and q-dist methods.Please note that centrality percentage differs from different method. For 200 GeV-cumulant (0, 64.1, 53.9,44.7,35.2,25.4,15.1,7.7,0), for 200 GeV-q-dist (73.8,64.1,53.9,44.7,35.2,25.4,15.1,7.7,2.3), for 130 GeV (65,47,36,27.5,20,13,7.5,2.5,0) and for 17 GeV (0,0,0,61.2,38.2,29.1,18.2,8.5,3.8).

v2/n for pions for three centrality bins

v2/n for protons for three centrality bins

v2/n for Kshort for three centrality bins

v2/n for Lambda + Lambda bar for three centrality bins

Blast Wave parameters rho_2 from pion v2(2),pion v2 and hadron v2

Blast Wave parameters rho_4 from hadron v2

Blast Wave parameters epsilon from pion v2(2),pion v2, hadron v2 and initial

Blast Wave parameters rho_0 from pion v2(2),pion v2 and hadron v2

Blast Wave parameters T from pion v2(2),pion v2 and hadron v2

Parameter $\alpha$ from the fit to the data.

Results of the measurements by PHENIX at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV.

Results of the measurements by PHENIX at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 130 GeV.

Results of the measurements by PHENIX at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 19.6 GeV.

Ratios of measured quantities at 200 GeV/130 GeV and 200 GeV/19.6 GeV. The number of $N_P$ is the average between two energies.

Ratios of measured quantities at 200 GeV/130 GeV and 200 GeV/19.6 GeV. The number of $N_P$ is the average between two energies.

200, 130, and 19.6 GeV are RHIC average values, and 17.2, 8.7, and 4.8 GeV are SPS average values of $dN_{ch}$/$d\eta$/($0.5N_p$) at different $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$. An additional 5% error (recalc.) is added for collision energies 4.8 - 17.6 GeV for the uncertainty related to recalculation to the Center of Mass system.

200, 130, and 19.6 GeV are RHIC average values, and 17.2, 8.7, and 4.8 GeV are SPS average values of $dN_{ch}$/$d\eta$/($0.5N_p$) at different $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$. An additional 5% error (recalc.) is added for collision energies 4.8 - 17.6 GeV for the uncertainty related to recalculation to the Center of Mass system.

200, 130, and 19.6 GeV are RHIC average values, and 17.2, 8.7, and 4.8 GeV are SPS average values of $dN_{ch}$/$d\eta$/($0.5N_p$) at different $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$. An additional 5% error (recalc.) is added for collision energies 4.8 - 17.6 GeV for the uncertainty related to recalculation to the Center of Mass system.

200, 130, and 19.6 GeV are RHIC average values, and 17.2, 8.7, and 4.8 GeV are SPS average values of $dN_{ch}$/$d\eta$/($0.5N_p$) at different $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$. An additional 5% error (recalc.) is added for collision energies 4.8 - 17.6 GeV for the uncertainty related to recalculation to the Center of Mass system.

$dN/dy$ and $T$ for different centrality bins.

Blast wave model parameters as a function of centrality from fitting $\pi^±$, $K^±$, $p$, and $\bar{p}$ spectra.

$m_T$ spectra of $\phi$ mesons in different centrality bins.

Centrality dependence of the $\phi$ mass centroid and $\phi$ intrinsic width.

Minimum-bias $m_T$ spectra of $\phi$ for different subsystem combinations.

Minimum-bias $m_T$ spectra of $\phi$ for different subsystem combinations.

Minimum-bias $m_T$ spectra of $\phi$ for different subsystem combinations.

Minimum-bias $m_T$ spectra of $\phi$ for different subsystem combinations.

$\phi$ $m_T$ spectra in different centrality bins.

Centrality dependence of $\phi$ yield at midrapidity.

Centrality dependence of $\phi$ yield at midrapidity.

Centrality dependence of the inverse slope, $T$.

Centrality dependence of particle ratios for $K^+$/$\pi^+$ and $K^-$/$\pi^-$.

Centrality dependence of particle ratios for $\phi$/$\pi$ and $\phi$/$K$.

Centrality dependence of $\phi$ yields at different collision energies.

Centrality dependence of $\phi$ yields at different collision energies.

$\phi$/$\pi$ and $\phi$/$K^-$ ratios as a function of collision energies.

Inverse slope parameteres $T$ in $m_T$ spectra.

$N_{coll}$ scaled central to peripheral ratio $R_{CP}$ for $\phi$. The total systematic error is 19%, but 7% is uncorrelated between the $\phi$ and $p$ $R_{CP}$.

HBT parameters for the three possible fitting procedures to the correlation functions described in this paper depending on how Coulomb interaction is taken into account from the 0-5% most central events.

HBT parameters for the three possible fitting procedures to the correlation functions described in this paper depending on how Coulomb interaction is taken into account from the 0-5% most central events.

HBT parameters for the three possible fitting procedures to the correlation functions described in this paper depending on how Coulomb interaction is taken into account from the 0-5% most central events.

HBT parameters for the three possible fitting procedures to the correlation functions described in this paper depending on how Coulomb interaction is taken into account from the 0-5% most central events.

1D correlation function for pi+pi- compared to standard, Bowler-Sinyukov, and a thoretical calculation that includes Coulomb and strong interactions.

Momentum resolution for pions at midrapidity expressed by the widths dp_T/p_T, dphi and dtheta as a function of p.

Squared HBT radii relative to the reaction plane angle, without and with the reaction plane resolution applied, for two different centrality-kT ranges. 20-30%, 0.15 < kT < 0.25, RP uncorrected.

Squared HBT radii relative to the reaction plane angle, without and with the reaction plane resolution applied, for two different centrality-kT ranges. 20-30%, 0.15 < kT < 0.25, RP res. corrected.

Squared HBT radii relative to the reaction plane angle, without and with the reaction plane resolution applied, for two different centrality-kT ranges. 10-20%, 0.35 < kT < 0.45, RP uncorrected.

Squared HBT radii relative to the reaction plane angle, without and with the reaction plane resolution applied, for two different centrality-kT ranges. 10-20%, 0.35 < kT < 0.45, RP res. uncorrected.

Squared HBT radii relative to the reaction plane angle, for the case where the lambda parameter is averaged and fixed in the fit, and the case where lambda is a free fit parameter for each Phi. 20-30%, 0.15 < kT < 0.25, fixed lambda.

Squared HBT radii relative to the reaction plane angle, for the case where the lambda parameter is averaged and fixed in the fit, and the case where lambda is a free fit parameter for each Phi. 20-30%, 0.15 < kT < 0.25, lambda varied.

Squared HBT radii relative to the reaction plane angle, for the case where the lambda parameter is averaged and fixed in the fit, and the case where lambda is a free fit parameter for each Phi. 10-20%, 0.35 < kT < 0.45, lambda fixed.

Squared HBT radii relative to the reaction plane angle, for the case where the lambda parameter is averaged and fixed in the fit, and the case where lambda is a free fit parameter for each Phi. 10-20%, 0.35 < kT < 0.45, lambda varied.

Fourier coefficients as a function of the maximum fraction of merged hits for the 5% most central events and kT between 150 and 250 MeV/c.

Projections of the 3 dimensional correlation function and fits to Eq. (10) and with the Edgeworth expansion to Eq. (17) to 6th order.

HBT parameters for the 0-5% most central events for fits to Eq. (10) and to Eq. (17) with no expansion.

HBT parameters for the 0-5% most central events for fits to Eq. (10) and to Eq. (17) upto 4th order expansion.

HBT parameters for the 0-5% most central events for fits to Eq. (10) and to Eq. (17) upto 6th order expansion.

HBT parameters for the 0-5% most central events for pi+pi+ and pi-pi- correlation functions.

HBT parameters from STAR and PHENIX at the same beam energy for the 0-30% most central events.

Energy dependence of the pi- HBT parameters for central Au+Au, Pb+Pb, and Pb+Au collisions at midrapidity and k_T ~ 0.2 GeV/c.

HBT parameters vs. m_T for 6 different centralities.

Fourier coefficients of azimuthal oscillations of HBT radii vs. numer of participating nucleons, for pi+ and pi- pairs separately (0.25 < kT < 0.35 GeV/c).

Comparison between the HBT radii obtained from the azimuthally integrated (traditional) HBT analysis and the 0th-order Fourier coefficients from the azimuthally-sensitive HBT analysis.

HBT radius parametres for 6 different centralities.

Extracted parameters R' and alpha, from the power-law fits to the HBT radius parameters.

Extracted freeze-out source radius extracted from a blast wave fit; source radius Rgeom from fits to Rside; and 2*Rside for the lowest k_T bin as a function of the number of participants.

HBT parameter Rside.

R - Rinitial (top panel) and R/Rinitial (bottom panel) for the azimuthally integrated analysis for the azimuthally-sensitive case vs. number of participants.

R - Rinitial (top panel) and R/Rinitial (bottom panel) for in the x (in-plane) and y (out-of-plane) directions for the azimuthally-sensitive case vs. number of participants.

R - Rinitial for the azimuthally integrated analysis for the azimuthally-sensitive case vs. (dN/dy)/Rinitial.

R - Rinitial in the x (in-plane) direction for the azimuthally-sensitive case vs. (dN/dy)/Rinitial.

R - Rinitial in the y (out-of-plane) direction for the azimuthally-sensitive case vs. (dN/dy)/Rinitial.

Longitudinal HBT radius Rl.

Evolution time tau vs. number of participants as extracted from a fit to Rl, lines in Fig. 26 (triangles), and from a blast wave fit to HBT parameters and spectra (circles).

R - Rinital for the azimuthally integrated analysis and for the in-plane and out-of-plane directions vs. beta_T,max*tau.

R - Rinital for the azimuthally integrated analysis and for the in-plane and out-of-plane directions vs. beta_T,max*tau.

R - Rinital for the azimuthally integrated analysis and for the in-plane and out-of-plane directions vs. beta_T,max*tau.

Emission duration time dTau vs. number of participants as extracted using a blast wave fit to HBT parameters and spectra.

Final source eccentricity as calculated from the Fourier coefficients (2R_{s,2}^2/R_{s,0}^2) and from the final in-plane and out-of-plane radii vs. initial eccentricity.

Two-particle CI joint autocorrelations $\widehat{N}(\widehat{r}-1)$ on $(\eta_{\Delta}, \phi_{\Delta})$ for peripheral collisions.

Differential anisotropy $v_2$($p_T$) for charged hadrons in Au + Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV obtained via reaction plane methods

Differential anisotropy as a function of centrality for $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 62.4 GeV/$c$

Differential anisotropy as a function of centrality for $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 130 GeV/$c$

Differential anisotropy as a function of centrality for $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV/$c$

Differential anisotropy $v_2$($p_T$) for centrality selection 13 - 26%.

Differential anisotropy $v_2$($p_T$) for centrality selection 13 - 26%.

Differential $v_2$ vs. $\sqrt{S_{NN}}$ for charged hadrons in nucleus-nucleus collisions. Results are shown for the centrality cut of 13 - 26% and $p_T$ selections of 1.75 GeV/$c$ and 0.65 GeV/$c$.