The production of the $\Lambda$(1520) baryonic resonance has been measured at midrapidity in inelastic pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 7 TeV and in p-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm{NN}}}$ = 5.02 TeV for non-single diffractive events and in multiplicity classes. The resonance is reconstructed through its hadronic decay channel $\Lambda$(1520) $\rightarrow$ pK$^{-}$ and the charge conjugate with the ALICE detector. The integrated yields and mean transverse momenta are calculated from the measured transverse momentum distributions in pp and p-Pb collisions. The mean transverse momenta follow mass ordering as previously observed for other hyperons in the same collision systems. A Blast-Wave function constrained by other light hadrons ($\pi$, K, K$_{\rm{S}}^0$, p, $\Lambda$) describes the shape of the $\Lambda$(1520) transverse momentum distribution up to 3.5 GeV/$c$ in p-Pb collisions. In the framework of this model, this observation suggests that the $\Lambda(1520)$ resonance participates in the same collective radial flow as other light hadrons. The ratio of the yield of $\Lambda(1520)$ to the yield of the ground state particle $\Lambda$ remains constant as a function of charged-particle multiplicity, suggesting that there is no net effect of the hadronic phase in p-Pb collisions on the $\Lambda$(1520) yield.
$p_{\rm T}$-differential yields of $\Lambda$(1520) (sum of particle and anti-particle states) at midrapidity in inelastic pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ $\mathrm{=}$ 7 TeV.
$p_{\rm T}$-differential yields of $\Lambda$(1520) (sum of particle and anti-particle states) in NSD p--Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ $\mathrm{=}$ 5.02 TeV. The uncertainty 'sys,$p_{\rm T}$-correlated' indicates the systematic uncertainty after removing the contributions of $p_{\rm T}$-uncorrelated uncertainty.
$p_{\rm T}$-differential yields of $\Lambda$(1520) (sum of particle and anti-particle states) in p--Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ $\mathrm{=}$ 5.02 TeV in multiplicity interval 0--20\%. The uncertainty 'sys,$p_{\rm T}$-correlated' indicates the systematic uncertainty after removing the contributions of $p_{\rm T}$-uncorrelated uncertainty.
A search for the quantum chromodynamics (QCD) critical point was performed by the STAR experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, using dynamical fluctuations of unlike particle pairs. Heavy-ion collisions were studied over a large range of collision energies with homogeneous acceptance and excellent particle identification, covering a significant range in the QCD phase diagram where a critical point may be located. Dynamical $K\pi$, $p\pi$, and $Kp$ fluctuations as measured by the STAR experiment in central 0-5\% Au+Au collisions from center-of-mass collision energies $\rm \sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 7.7 to 200 GeV are presented. The observable $\rm \nu_{dyn}$ was used to quantify the magnitude of the dynamical fluctuations in event-by-event measurements of the $K\pi$, $p\pi$, and $Kp$ pairs. The energy dependences of these fluctuations from central 0-5\% Au+Au collisions all demonstrate a smooth evolution with collision energy.
$p\pi$, Kp, and $K\pi$ fluctuations as a function of collision energy, expressed as $v_{dyn,p\pi}$, $v_{dyn,Kp}$, and $v_{dyn,K\pi}$ respectively. Shown are data from central (0-5%) Au+Au collisions at energies from $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = 7.7 to 200 GeV from the STAR experiment.
The STAR collaboration presents for the first time two-dimensional di-hadron correlations with identified leading hadrons in 200 GeV central Au+Au and minimum-bias d+Au collisions to explore hadronization mechanisms in the quark gluon plasma. The enhancement of the jet-like yield for leading pions in Au+Au data with respect to the d+Au reference and the absence of such an enhancement for leading non-pions (protons and kaons) are discussed within the context of a quark recombination scenario. The correlated yield at large angles, specifically in the \emph{ridge region}, is found to be significantly higher for leading non-pions than pions. The consistencies of the constituent quark scaling, azimuthal harmonic model and a mini-jet modification model description of the data are tested, providing further constraints on hadronization.
Two-dimensional $\Delta\phi$ vs. $\Delta\eta$ correlation functions for charged hadron triggers from minimum-bias d+Au data at 200 GeV. All trigger and associated charged hadrons are selected in the respective pT ranges 4 < $p_T^{trig}$ < 5 GeV/c and 1.5 < $p_T^{assoc}$ < 4 GeV/c.
Two-dimensional $\Delta\phi$ vs. $\Delta\eta$ correlation functions for charged hadron triggers from 0-10% most-central Au+Au data at 200 GeV. All trigger and associated charged hadrons are selected in the respective pT ranges 4 < $p_T^{trig}$ < 5 GeV/c and 1.5 < $p_T^{assoc}$ < 4 GeV/c.
Two-dimensional $\Delta\phi$ vs. $\Delta\eta$ correlation functions for non-pion triggers from minimum-bias d+Au data at 200 GeV. All trigger and associated charged hadrons are selected in the respective pT ranges 4 < $p_T^{trig}$ < 5 GeV/c and 1.5 < $p_T^{assoc}$ < 4 GeV/c.
Event-by-event fluctuations of the ratio of inclusive charged to photon multiplicities at forward rapidity in Au+Au collision at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$=200 GeV have been studied. Dominant contribution to such fluctuations is expected to come from correlated production of charged and neutral pions. We search for evidences of dynamical fluctuations of different physical origins. Observables constructed out of moments of multiplicities are used as measures of fluctuations. Mixed events and model calculations are used as baselines. Results are compared to the dynamical net-charge fluctuations measured in the same acceptance. A non-zero statistically significant signal of dynamical fluctuations is observed in excess to the model prediction when charged particles and photons are measured in the same acceptance. We find that, unlike dynamical net-charge fluctuation, charge-neutral fluctuation is not dominated by correlation due to particle decay. Results are compared to the expectations based on the generic production mechanism of pions due to isospin symmetry, for which no significant (<1%) deviation is observed.
Multiplicity distributions of raw charged particles and photons.
The $v_{dyn}$ and the three terms of $v_{dyn}$ vs $\sqrt{\langle N_{ch}\rangle \langle N_{\gamma}\rangle }$ for real events. $\omega_{ch}^{real}$ is plotted.
The $v_{dyn}$ and the three terms of $v_{dyn}$ vs $\sqrt{\langle N_{ch}\rangle \langle N_{\gamma}\rangle }$ for mixed events. $\omega_{ch}^{mixed}$ is plotted.
We present $\Lambda\Lambda$ correlation measurements in heavy-ion collisions for Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}= 200$ GeV using the STAR experiment at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC). The Lednick\'{y}-Lyuboshitz analytical model has been used to fit the data to obtain a source size, a scattering length and an effective range. Implications of the measurement of the $\Lambda\Lambda$ correlation function and interaction parameters for di-hyperon searches are discussed.
The invariant mass distribution for $\Lambda$ and $\bar{\Lambda}$ produced in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV, for 0-80% centrality. The $\Lambda$ and $\bar{\Lambda}$ candidates lying in the mass range 1.112 to 1.120 GeV/c^2 were selected for the correlation measurement.
The $\Lambda\Lambda$ and $\bar{\Lambda}\bar{\Lambda}$ correlation function in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV, for 0-80% centrality.
The combined $\Lambda\Lambda$ and $\bar{\Lambda}\bar{\Lambda}$ correlation function for 0-80% centrality Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV.
We report a new high-precision measurement of the mid-rapidity inclusive jet longitudinal double-spin asymmetry, $A_{LL}$, in polarized $pp$ collisions at center-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s}=200$ GeV. The STAR data place stringent constraints on polarized parton distribution functions extracted at next-to-leading order from global analyses of inclusive deep inelastic scattering (DIS), semi-inclusive DIS, and RHIC $pp$ data. The measured asymmetries provide evidence for positive gluon polarization in the Bjorken-$x$ region $x>0.05$.
Jet neutral energy fraction (NEF) comparing data with simulations, where both are calculated with pT subtraction. This plot shows 8.4 < $p_T$ < 9.9 GeV/c.
Jet neutral energy fraction (NEF) comparing data with simulations, where both are calculated with pT subtraction. This plot shows 26.8 < $p_T$ < 31.6 GeV/c.
Inclusive jet $A_{LL}$ vs. parton jet $p_T$ for |eta|<0.5.
We report measurements of single- and double- spin asymmetries for $W^{\pm}$ and $Z/\gamma^*$ boson production in longitudinally polarized $p+p$ collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 510$ GeV by the STAR experiment at RHIC. The asymmetries for $W^{\pm}$ were measured as a function of the decay lepton pseudorapidity, which provides a theoretically clean probe of the proton's polarized quark distributions at the scale of the $W$ mass. The results are compared to theoretical predictions, constrained by recent polarized deep inelastic scattering measurements, and show a preference for a sizable, positive up antiquark polarization in the range $0.05<x<0.2$.
$E_T^e$ distribution of $W^{\pm}$ candidate events, background contributions, and sum of backgrounds and W -> ev MC signal. This plot is for Electron |eta|<0.5.
$E_T^e$ distribution of $W^{\pm}$ candidate events, background contributions, and sum of backgrounds and W -> ev MC signal. This plot is for Electron 0.5<|eta|<1.1.
$E_T^e$ distribution of $W^{\pm}$ candidate events, background contributions, and sum of backgrounds and W -> ev MC signal. This plot is for Positron |eta|<0.5.
In this erratum we report changes on the $D^0$ $p_T$ spectra and nuclear modification factor ($R_{AA}$) in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{\mathrm{NN}}}}$ = 200 GeV by fixing the errors in the efficiency and selection criteria that affected the Au+Au results. The p+p reference spectrum has changed as well and is updated with new fragmentation parameters.
$D^0$ $p_{\rm T}$ differential invariant yield in p+p collisions (open circles), which has been updated with the latest global analysis of charm fragmentation ratios from Ref and also taking into account the $p_{\rm T}$ dependence of the fragmentation ratio between $D^0$ and $D^{*{\pm}}$ from PYTHIA 6.4. The systematic uncertainties are shown as square brackets.
Centrality dependence of the $D^0$ $p_{\rm T}$ differential invariant yield in Au+Au collisions (solid symbols). The curves are number-of-binary-collision-scaled Levy functions from fitting to the p+p result (open circles), which has been updated with the latest global analysis of charm fragmentation ratios from Ref and also taking into account the $p_{\rm T}$ dependence of the fragmentation ratio between $D^0$ and $D^{*{\pm}}$ from PYTHIA 6.4. The arrow denotes the upper limit with 90% confidence level of the last data point for 10$-$40% collisions. The systematic uncertainties are shown as square brackets.
Panels (ab), $D^0$ $R_{\rm AA}$ for peripheral 40$-$80% and semi a central 10$-$40% collisions; Panel (c), $D^0$ $R_{\rm AA}$ for 0$-$10% most central events (blue circles) compared with model calculations from the TAMU (solid curve), SUBATECH (dashed curve), Torino (dot-dashed curve), Duke (long-dashed and long-dot-dashed curves), and LANL groups (filled band). The open symbol indicates the result with the extrapolated p+p reference. The vertical lines and brackets around the data points denote the statistical and systematic uncertainties respectively. The vertical bars around unity denote the overall normalization uncertainties in the Au+Au and p+p data, respectively. The $R_{\rm AA}$ probability distribution for the 0$-$0.7 GeV/$c$ data point is largely skewed. The uncertainty we report is the 68.3% probability range with respect to the measured central value assuming Gaussian distribution.
A systematic study is presented for centrality, transverse momentum ($p_T$) and pseudorapidity ($\eta$) dependence of the inclusive charged hadron elliptic flow ($v_2$) at midrapidity($|\eta| < 1.0$) in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 7.7, 11.5, 19.6, 27 and 39 GeV. The results obtained with different methods, including correlations with the event plane reconstructed in a region separated by a large pseudorapidity gap and 4-particle cumulants ($v_2{4}$), are presented in order to investigate non-flow correlations and $v_2$ fluctuations. We observe that the difference between $v_2{2}$ and $v_2{4}$ is smaller at the lower collision energies. Values of $v_2$, scaled by the initial coordinate space eccentricity, $v_{2}/\varepsilon$, as a function of $p_T$ are larger in more central collisions, suggesting stronger collective flow develops in more central collisions, similar to the results at higher collision energies. These results are compared to measurements at higher energies at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider ($\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 62.4 and 200 GeV) and at the Large Hadron Collider (Pb + Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 2.76 TeV). The $v_2(p_T)$ values for fixed $p_T$ rise with increasing collision energy within the $p_T$ range studied ($< 2 {\rm GeV}/c$). A comparison to viscous hydrodynamic simulations is made to potentially help understand the energy dependence of $v_{2}(p_{T})$. We also compare the $v_2$ results to UrQMD and AMPT transport model calculations, and physics implications on the dominance of partonic versus hadronic phases in the system created at Beam Energy Scan (BES) energies are discussed.
The event plane resolutions for Au + Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 7.7, 11.5, 19.6, 27 and 39 GeV as a function of collision centrality.
The comparison of $v_2$ as a function of $p_T$ between GF-cumulant and Q-cumulant methods in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 39 GeV.
The $p_T$ (> 0.2 GeV/c) and $\eta$ ($∣\eta∣$ < 1) integrated $v_2$ as a function of collision centrality for Au + Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 7.7 GeV, 11.5 GeV, 19.6 GeV, 27 GeV and 39 GeV.
Two-particle azimuthal ($\Delta\phi$) and pseudorapidity ($\Delta\eta$) correlations using a trigger particle with large transverse momentum ($p_T$) in $d$+Au, Cu+Cu and Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{{NN}}}$ =\xspace 62.4 GeV and 200~GeV from the STAR experiment at RHIC are presented. The \ns correlation is separated into a jet-like component, narrow in both $\Delta\phi$ and $\Delta\eta$, and the ridge, narrow in $\Delta\phi$ but broad in $\Delta\eta$. Both components are studied as a function of collision centrality, and the jet-like correlation is studied as a function of the trigger and associated $p_T$. The behavior of the jet-like component is remarkably consistent for different collision systems, suggesting it is produced by fragmentation. The width of the jet-like correlation is found to increase with the system size. The ridge, previously observed in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{{NN}}}$ = 200 GeV, is also found in Cu+Cu collisions and in collisions at $\sqrt{s_{{NN}}}$ =\xspace 62.4 GeV, but is found to be substantially smaller at $\sqrt{s_{{NN}}}$ =\xspace 62.4 GeV than at $\sqrt{s_{{NN}}}$ = 200 GeV for the same average number of participants ($ \langle N_{\mathrm{part}}\rangle$). Measurements of the ridge are compared to models.
Parameterizations of the transverse momentum dependence of the reconstruction efficiency of charged particles in the TPC in various collision systems, energies and centrality bins for the track selection cuts used in this analysis.
The raw correlation in $\Delta\eta$ for di-hadron correlations for 3 $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ $<$ 6 GeV/$c$ and 1.5 GeV/$c$ $<$ $p_T^{associated}$ $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ for 0-12% central \Au collisions for $|\Delta\phi|<$ 0.78 before and after the track merging correction is applied. The data have been reflected about $\Delta\eta$=0.
Sample correlations in $\Delta\eta$ ($|\Delta\phi|<$ 0.78) for 3 $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ $<$ 6 GeV/$c$ and 1.5 GeV/$c$ $<$ $p_T^{associated}$ $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ for 0-60% Cu+Cu at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 62.4 GeV, 0-80% Au+Au at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 62.4 GeV, 0-95% $d$+Au at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV, 0-60% Cu+Cu at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV, 40-80% Au+Au at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV, and 0-12% central Au+Au at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV. The data are averaged between positive and negative $\Delta\eta$. 5% systematic uncertainty due to track reconstruction efficiency not listed below.
We report first results from an analysis based on a new multi-hadron correlation technique, exploring jet-medium interactions and di-jet surface emission bias at RHIC. Pairs of back-to-back high transverse momentum hadrons are used for triggers to study associated hadron distributions. In contrast with two- and three-particle correlations with a single trigger with similar kinematic selections, the associated hadron distribution of both trigger sides reveals no modification in either relative pseudo-rapidity or relative azimuthal angle from d+Au to central Au+Au collisions. We determine associated hadron yields and spectra as well as production rates for such correlated back-to-back triggers to gain additional insights on medium properties.
Projections of 2+1 correlation on $\Delta\phi$ for 200 GeV top 12% central-triggered and mid-central Au+Au and minimum bias d+Au data.
Projections of 2+1 correlation on $\Delta\eta$ for 200 GeV top 12% central-triggered and mid-central Au+Au and minimum bias d+Au data.
Transverse momentum distributions per trigger pair for the same- and away-side hadrons associated with di-jet triggers (|$\Delta\phi$| < 0.5, |$\Delta\eta$| < 0.5).
We present a comprehensive study of the inclusive production of V 0 V 0 pairs (V 0 =Lambda, Lambda-bar or K S ) by Sigma - and pi - of 340 GeV/ c momentum and neutrons of 260 GeV/ c mean momentum in copper and carbon targets. In particular, the de pendence of the x F spectra on the combination of beam-particle and produced V 0 V 0 pair is investigated and compared to predictions obtained from PYTHIA and QSGM calculations. The data and these predictions differ in many details, the agreement can at b est be termed as qualitative. A signal from decays of the tensor meson f? 2 (1525) was observed in the K S K S mass distribution and inclusive production cross sections were measured. No signal was found from the double-strange H-dibaryon decaying to Lamb daLambda.
V0 V0 cross section for N on CU target.
V0 V0 cross section for N on C target.
V0 V0 cross section for PI- on CU target.
We have measured the polarization of $\Lambda$ hyperons produced inclusively by a $\Sigma^-$ beam of 340 GeV/c momentum in nuclear targets. From a sample of 9.5 millions of identified $\Lambda$ decays, polarizations were determined in the range $x_F \gt 0.1$ and $p_t\leq 1.6$ GeV/c . The polarization w.r.t. the production normal is mainly positive for $x_F \geq 0.3$. At fixed values of $x_F$, it increases with $p_t$ to a maximum between $p_t = 0.5$ and $p_t = 1$ GeV/c , and then decreases to zero or even negative values, in sharp contrast to the plateau above $p_t = 1$ GeV/c observed in inclusive $\Lambda$ production by protons.
Measured values of the LAMBDA polarization as a function of PT in the XL range 0.1 to 0.2.
Measured values of the LAMBDA polarization as a function of PT in the XL range 0.2 to 0.3.
Measured values of the LAMBDA polarization as a function of PT in the XL range 0.3 to 0.4.
Double-polarization asymmetries for inclusive $ep$ scattering were measured at Jefferson Lab using 2.6 and 4.3 GeV longitudinally polarized electrons incident on a longitudinally polarized NH$_3$ target in the CLAS detector. The polarized structure function $g_1(x,Q^2)$ was extracted throughout the nucleon resonance region and into the deep inelastic regime, for $Q^2 = 0.15 -1.64 $GeV$^2$. The contributions to the first moment $\Gamma_1(Q^2) = \int g_1(x,Q^2)dx$ were determined up to $Q^2=1.2$ GeV$^2$. Using a parametrization for $g_1$ in the unmeasured low $x$ regions, the complete first moment was estimated over this $Q^2$ region. A rapid change in $\Gamma_1$ is observed for $Q^2 < 1 $GeV$^2$, with a sign change near $Q^2 = 0.3 $GeV$^2$, indicating dominant contributions from the resonance region. At $Q^2=1.2$ GeV$^2$ our data are below the pQCD evolved scaling value.
The measured photon asymmetry (A1+ETA*A2) for the Q**2 region 0.15 to 0.22 GeV**2 obtained with a beam energy of 2.6 GeV.
The measured photon asymmetry (A1+ETA*A2) for the Q**2 region 0.6 to 1.10 GeV**2 obtained with a beam energy of 4.3 GeV.
The polarized structure function G1 as a function of Bjorken X for the Q**2range 0.15 to 0.27 GeV.
We have measured the production of strange baryons and antibaryons in 340-GeV/c Σ−+C and 260-GeV/c n+C interactions. The single xF distributions show the expected leading particle effect, and the single pt2 distributions show a distinct nonthermal behavior. The xF distributions of Λ-Λ pairs indicate two different phase space distributions for the two coincident baryons. On the other hand two Λ¯’s show identical distributions. Momentum conservation during the formation process may represent a significant source for the observed behavior.
Total inclusive LAMBDA and LAMBDABAR production cross sections for the SIGMA- beam on the Carbon target.
Total inclusive LAMBDA and LAMBDABAR production cross sections for the Neutron beam on the Carbon target.
Total inclusive LAMBDA LAMBDA and LAMBDABAR LAMBDABAR pair production crosssections for the SIGMA- beam on the Carbon target.
Measurements of the A dependence and pseudorapidity interval (δη) dependence of midrapidity ET distributions in a half-azimuth (Δφ=π) electromagnetic calorimeter are presented for p+Be, p+Au, O+Cu, Si+Au, and Au+Au collisions at the BNL-AGS (Alternating-Gradient Synchrotron). The shapes of the upper edges of midrapidity ET distributions as a function of the pseudorapidity interval δη in the range 0.3 to 1.3, roughly centered at midrapidity, are observed to vary with δη, like multiplicity—the upper edges of the distributions flatten as δη is reduced. At the typical fixed upper percentiles of ET distributions used for nuclear geometry characterization by centrality definition—7 percentile, 4 percentile, 2 percentile, 1 percentile, 0.5 percentile—the effect of this variation in shape on the measured projectile Ap dependence for 16O, 28Si, 197Au projectiles on an Au target is small for the ranges of δη and percentile examined. The ET distributions for p+Au and p+Be change in shape with δη; but in each δη interval the shapes of the p+Au and p+Be distributions remain indentical with each other—a striking confirmation of the absence of multiple-collision effects at midrapidity at AGS energies. The validity of the nuclear geometry characterization versus δη is illustrated by plots of the ET(δη) distribution in each δη interval in units of the measured 〈ET(δη)〉p+Au in the same δη interval for p+Au collisions. These plots, in the physically meaningful units of “number of average p+Au collisions,” are nearly universal as a function of δη, confirming that the reaction dynamics for ET production at midrapidity at AGS energies is governed by the number of projectile participants and can be well characterized by measurements in apertures as small as Δφ=π, δη=0.3.
ET is defined as the sum of Ei*Sin(THETAi) taken over all particles emittedon an event. The full ETARAP acceptance of the half-azimuth calorimeter, 1.22 < ETARAP < 2.5, is subdivided into eight nominally equal bins of 0.16 in pseudorapidity.
ET is defined as the sum of Ei*Sin(THETAi) taken over all particles emittedon an event. The full ETARAP acceptance of the half-azimuth calorimeter, 1.38 < ETARAP < 2.34, is subdivided into eight nominally equal bins of 0.16 in pseudorapidity.
ET is defined as the sum of Ei*Sin(THETAi) taken over all particles emittedon an event. The full ETARAP acceptance of the half-azimuth calorimeter, 1.54 < ETARAP < 2.18, is subdivided into eight nominally equal bins of 0.16 in pseudorapidity.
We report on a measurement of the differential cross sections of inclusive$K^{\pm}_{890}$production in$\sigma^-, pi^-$and ne
The production cross sections for K*+- per nucleus and per nucleon for the SIGMA- beam.
The production cross sections for K*+- per nucleus and per nucleon for the PI- beam.
The production cross sections for K*+- per nucleus and per nucleon for the NEUTRON- beam.
Mid-rapidity spectra and yields of K$^-$ and K$^+$ have been measured for Au+Au collisions at 4, 6, 8, and 10.7 AGeV. The K$^-$ yield increases faster with beam energy than for K$^+$ and hence the K$^-$/K$^+$ ratio increases with beam energy. This ratio is studied as a function of both $\sqrt{s}$ and $\sqrt{s}$-$\sqrt{s_{th}}$ which allows the direct comparison of the kaon yields with respect to the production threshold in p+p reactions. For equal $\sqrt{s}$ - $\sqrt{s_{th}}$ the measured ratio K$^-$/K$^+$=0.2 at energies above threshold in contrast to the K$^-$/K$^+$ ratio of near unity observed at energies below threshold. The use of the K$^-$/K$^+$ ratio to test the predicted changes of kaon properties in dense nuclear matter is discussed.
Only statistical errors are presented.
Only statistical errors are presented.
Only statistical errors are presented.
Positive pion and kaon production from Au+Au reactions have been measured as a function of beam energy over the range 2.0-10.7~AGeV. Both the kaon and the pion production cross-sections at mid-rapidity are observed to increase steadily with beam kinetic energy. The ratio of K$^+$ to $\pi^+$ mid-rapidity yields increases from 0.0271$\pm0.0015\pm0.0014$ at 2.0~AGeV to 0.202$\pm0.005\pm0.010$ at 10.7~AGeV and is larger than the K$^+$/$\pi^+$ ratio from p+p reactions over the same beam energy region. There is no indication of an onset of any new production mechanism in heavy-ion reactions in this energy range beyond rescattering of hadrons.
The centrality selection at each beam energy is the most central 5% of the total interaction cross-section (SIG(C=interaction) = 6.8b). A single exponential function in MT was fit simultaneously to the two kaonspectra at each beam energy D2(N)/D(MT)/D(YRAP)/2/PI/MT=D(N)/D(YRAP)/2/PI/T/(T+ M(KAON))/EXP((MT-M(KAON))/T). The fits reproduce the spectra well with two free parameters, the inverse slope parameter T and the rapidity density, D(N)/D(YRAP)in that rapidity slice. The mid-rapidity range for 2, 4, 6, 8 AGeV is ABS((YRAP-Ynn)/Ynn) < 0.25, for 10.7 AGeV the width is ABS((YRAP-Ynn)/Ynn) < 0.125, where Ynn is mid-rapidity in the laboratory frame. The errors are statistical only. The 1.96, 4. and 10.74 GeV are E866 data, another - E917 data.
The centrality selection at each beam energy is the most central 5% of the total interaction cross-section (SIG(C=interaction) = 6.8b). A single exponential function in MT was fit simultaneously to the two kaonspectra at each beam energy D2(N)/D(MT)/D(YRAP)/2/PI/MT=D(N)/D(YRAP)/2/PI/T/(T+ M(KAON))/EXP((MT-M(KAON))/T). The fits reproduce the spectra well with two free parameters, the inverse slope parameter T and the rapidity density, D(N)/D(YRAP)in that rapidity slice. The mid-rapidity range for 2, 4, 6, 8 AGeV is ABS((YRAP-Ynn)/Ynn) < 0.25, for 10.7 AGeV the width is ABS((YRAP-Ynn)/Ynn) < 0.125, where Ynn is mid-rapidity in the laboratory frame. The errors are statistical only. The 1.96, 4. and 10.74 GeV are E866 data, another - E917 data.
The centrality selection at each beam energy is the most central 5% of the total interaction cross-section (SIG(C=interaction) = 6.8b). The spectra were fit with a scaled exponential, D2(N)/D(YRAP)/D(MT)/2/PI/MT=D(N)/D(YRAP)/2/PI/(T**(2-L))/GAMMA(2-L,M(PION)/T)/MT**L/EXP(MT/T), where GAMMA(2-L,M(PION)/T), the complementary incomplete gamma function, is introduced in the normalization so that D(N)/D(YRAP) is a fitted parameter (and other free parameters are L and T). The mid-rapidity range for 2, 4 (E866 data), 6, 8 AGeV (E917 data) beam energy is ABS((YRAP-Ynn)/Ynn) < 0.25, for 10.7 AGeV (E917 data) the width is ABS((YRAP-Ynn)/Ynn) <0.125, where Ynn is mid-rapidity in the laboratory frame. The errors are statistical only.
Charged kaon production has been measured in Si+Al and Si+Au collisions at 14.6 A GeV/c, and Au+Au collisions at 11.1 A GeV/c by Experiments 859 and 866 (the E--802 Collaboration) at the BNL AGS. Invariant transverse mass spectra and rapidity distributions for both K+ and K- are presented. The centrality dependence of rapidity-integrated kaon yields is studied. Strangeness enhancement is observed as an increase in the slope of the kaon yield with the total number of participants as well as the yield per participant. The enhancement starts with peripheral Si+Al and Si+Au collisions (relative to N+N) and appears to saturate for a moderate number of participating nucleons in Si+Au collisions. It is also observed to increase slowly with centrality in Au+Au collisions, to a level in the most central Au+Au collisions that is greater than that found in central Si+A collisions. The enhancement factor for $K^+$ production are 3.0 +-0.2(stat.) +-0.4(syst.) and 4.0 +-0.3(stat.) +-0.5(syst.), respectively, for the most central 7% Si+Au collisions and the most central 4% Au+Au collisions relative to N+N at the correponding beam energy.
In order to study the centrality dependence of kaon production, the data were devided into BIN`s in centrality. The selection for AU+AU data was made by using of the Zero-degree CALorimeter (ZCAL). The zero-degree energy resolution was measured to be 1.48*sqrt(E).
In order to study the centrality dependence of kaon production, the data were devided into BIN`s in centrality. The selection for AU+AU data was made by using of the Zero-degree CALorimeter (ZCAL). The zero-degree energy resolution was measured to be 1.48*sqrt(E).
For SI+AU data the centrality selection (calibrated target multiplicity) was made by using of E-859 Target Multiplicity Array (TMA).
In this paper Au+Au collisions at 11.6A GeV/c are characterized by two global observables: the energy measured near zero degrees (EZCAL) and the total event multiplicity. Particle spectra are measured for different event classes that are defined in a two-dimensional grid of both global observables. For moderately central events (σ/σint<12%) the proton dN/dy distributions do not depend on EZCAL but only on the event multiplicity. In contrast the shape of the proton transverse spectra shows little dependence on the event multiplicity. The change in the proton dN/dy distributions suggests that different conditions are formed in the collision for different event classes. These event classes are studied for signals of new physics by measuring pion and kaon spectra and yields. In the event classes doubly selected on EZCAL and multiplicity there is no indication of any unusual pion or kaon yields, spectra, or K/π ratio even in the events with extreme multiplicity.
Table for event classification (from CLASS1 to CLASS8) where ZCAL energy solely used for event selection. Number of Projectile Participants Npp=197*(1-E(P=3)/EKIN(P=1)).
CLASS1 (see Table for event classification).
CLASS1 (see Table for event classification).
None
No description provided.
No description provided.
No description provided.
The tensor analyzing power A yy in inclusive breakup of 9 GeV/c deuterons on carbon has been measured at the detected proton angle of 85 mr. The analyzing power remains positive at the highest measured momentum of the proton in definite contradiction with the predictions of the existing models. The vector analyzing power A y has been obtained simultaneously with A yy .
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The complete charge distribution of products from Au nuclei fragmenting in nuclear emulsion at 10.7A GeV has been measured. Multiplicities of produced particles and particles associated with the targe
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A systematic study of the spectra and yields of K+ and K− is reported by experiment E866 as a function of centrality in Au+Au collisions at 11.6A GeV/c. The invariant transverse spectra for both kaon species are well described by exponentials in mt, with inverse slope parameters that are largest at midrapidity and which increase with centrality. The inverse slopes of the K+ spectra are slightly larger than the inverse slopes of the K− spectra. The kaon rapidity density peaks at midrapidity with the K+ distribution wider in rapidity than K−. The integrated total yields of K+ and K− increase nonlinearly and steadily with the number of projectile participants. The yield per participant for kaons is two to three times larger than the yield from N−N collisions. This enhancement suggests that the majority of kaons in central Au+Au reactions are produced in secondary hadronic collisions. There is no evidence for an onset of additional kaon production from a possible small volume of baryon-rich quark-gluon plasma. The differences between K+ and K− rapidity distributions and transverse spectra are consistent with a lower phase space for K− production due to a higher energy threshold. These differences also exclude simple thermal models that assume emission from a common equilibrated system.
In this case FRAGB=NUCLEAR FRAG + PROTONS.
In this case FRAGB = NUCLEAR FRAG + PROTONS.
Inclusive cross sections for Ξ- hyperon production in high-energy Σ-, π- and neutron induced interactions were measured by the experiment WA89 at CERN. Secondary Σ- and π- beams with average momenta of 345 GeV/c and a neutron beam of 260 GeV/c were produced by primary protons of 450 GeV/c from the CERN SPS. The influence of the target mass on the Ξ- cross section is explored by comparing reactions on copper and carbon nuclei. Both single and double differential cross sections are presented as a function of the transverse momentum and the Feynman variable xF. A strong leading effect for Σ- produced by Σ- is observed.
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In this letter the distribution of slow target associated particles emitted in Au + Emulsion interactions at 11.6 A GeV/ c is studied. The three models RQMD, FRITIOF and VENUS are used for comparisons and especially their treatment of rescattering is investigated.
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PROJECTILE ASSOCIATED HE-FRAGMENTS.
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A search for charm production in the coherent diffractive dissociation reaction pSi→XSi was carried out for the modes D 0 → K − π + , D 0 → K − π + π + π − , and D + → K − π + π + . No charm signals were observed, and the 90% confidence level upper limit for coherent charm pair production was determined to be 26 μ b per silicon nucleus. The results are interpreted as an upper limit of 0.2% on the amount of intrinsic charm in the proton.
90 pct CL upper limits.
We report on the production characteristics and total cross section for 9 beauty hadron pairs produced by a 600 GeV/ c π − beam, the first such information in this energy region. The events were detected in the hybrid emulsion spectrometer of Fermilab Experiment E653. The measured pair cross section for all χ F , assuming linear A dependence, is 33±11 (stat.)±6(syst.) nb/nucleon. Fits of the inclusive single-hadron production distribution to the forms d σ d χ F ∝ (1−|χ F −χ 0 |) n and d σ d p T 2 ∝ exp (−bp t 2 ) give n=5.0 −2.1−1.7 +2.7+1.7 , χ 0 =0.06 −0.07−0.03 +0.06+0.02 , and b=0.13 −0.04−0.02 +0.05+0.02 ( GeV /c −2 . .The pairs tend to be produced back-to-back.
Cross section over all x assuming A**1 nuclear dependence.
Fit to data of form dsig/dx ^ (1-ABS(X-X0))**N yields X0 = 0.06 +0.06,-0.07(DSYS=+0.02,-0.03) and N = 5.0 +2.7,-2.1(DSYS=+-1.7).
Fit to data of form dsig/dPT**2 ^ exp(-B*PT**2) yields B = 0.13 +0.05,-0.04(DSYS=+-0.02).
We present total and differential cross sections for charm mesons produced in 600 GeV/ c π - emulsion interactions. Fits to d 2 σ / dx F dp T 2 ∞ (1−| x F |) n exp (- bp T 2 ) for 676 electronically reconstructed D mesons with x F >0 give n =4.25±0.24 ( stat .)±0.23 ( syst .) and b =0.76±0.03±0.03 ( GeV / c ) -2 . The total inclusive D + and D 0 cross sections are σ ( π - N → D ± ; x F >0) = 8.66±0.46±1.96 μb nucleon and σ(π - N→D 0 D 0 ; x F >0)=22.05±1.37±4.82μb nucleonk, where a linear dependence on the mean atomic weight of the target is assumed. These results are compared to next-to-leading order QCD predictions.
Linear A-dependence. Different modes of the charm mesons detection were used (see text for detail). The differential cross section is fitted by the equation : D2(SIG)/D(XL)/D(PT**2) = CONST*(1-XL)**POWER*EXP(-SLOPE*PT**2).
Linear A-dependence.
A systematic set of measurements of the global transverse energy distributions, dσ/dET and dET/dη, from beams of protons, O16 and Si28 at 14.6A GeV/c, incident on targets ranging from Be to Au is presented. The detector was a semicircular array of lead-glass blocks, covering polar angles 9°<θ<32°, whose total response provides a good measure of the produced particle yield in the central rapidity region of these reactions. Proton-nucleus spectra exhibit a similar shape on the high-energy tail, independent of target, suggesting that produced particles in such events arise mostly from the first collision of the projectile proton. For targets heavier than Cu, the high-energy edges of the oxygen-nucleus spectra, and of the silicon-nucleus spectra, reach ratios consistent with the geometry of central collisions. Angular distributions, dET/dη, are characterized by Gaussian fits, and an acceptance-independent form of the differential cross section is found, based on the maximum value of dET/dη. The projectile dependence of nucleus-nucleus spectra is studied in terms of two very different models: simple energy scaling and the wounded projectile nucleon model of p+A convolutions.
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We present results on charm pair correlations measured in proton-emulsion interactions at s =38.7 GeV. The predictions of leading order QCD for the distributions in invariant mass, rapidity gap, x F , and polar angle in the charm pair CMS are qualitatively consistent with our measurements. The mean p T of the pairs is equal within errors to that measured in dilepton production at the same energy and mass range.
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We report results on D 0 and D + production in proton-emulsion interactions at s =38.7 GeV. A fit to the form (1−| x F |) n exp (−bp 2 T ) yields n=6.9 +1.9 −1.8 and b=0.84 +0.10 −0.08 (GeV/ c ) −2 . The total inclusive cross section, is assuming linear A dependence, is measured to be 38±3(stat.) ±13 (sys.) μ b for the D 0 and 38±9±14 μ b for the D + . A comparison of these results with previous measurements indicates that nuclear effects do not strongly influence charm production. The predictions of QCD are in good agreement with our data.
The differential cross section is fitted by the equation : D2(SIG)/D(XL)/D(PT**2) = CONST*(1-XL)**POWER*EXP(-SLOPE*PT**2).
The differential cross section is fitted by the equation : D2(SIG)/D(XL)/D(PT**2) = CONST*(1-XL)**POWER*EXP(-SLOPE*PT**2).
Linear A-dependence. Different modes of the charm mesons detection were used (see text for detail).
The production of π±,K±,p has been measured in p+Be and p+Au collisions for comparison with central Si+Au collisions. The inverse slope parameters T0 obtained by an exponential fit to the invariant cross sections in transverse mass are found to be, T0p,K+,ππ∼140–160 MeV in p+A collisions, whereas in central Si+Au collisions, T0p,K+∼200–220 MeV >T0ππ∼140–160 MeV at midrapidity. The π± and K+ distributions are shifted backwards in p+Au compared with p+Be. A gradual increase of (dn/dy)K+ per projectile nucleon is observed from p+Be to p+Au to central Si+Au collisions, while pions show no significant increase.
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Pseudorapidity distributions of relativistic singly charged particles in oxygen-induced emulsion interactions at 14.6, 60, and 200 GeV/nucleon are studied. Limiting fragmentation behavior is observed in both the target and projectile fragmentation regions for a central as well as for a minimum-bias sample. Comparisons with the fritiof model reveal that the picture of fragmenting strings successfully describes the observed data.
NUCLEUS IS AVERAGE NUCLEUS OF EMULSION.
NUCLEUS IS AVERAGE NUCLEUS OF EMULSION.
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We have found 122 charmed-particle decays among 3855 neutrino interactions located in the fiducial volume of a hybrid emulsion spectrometer installed in the Fermilab wide-band neutrino beam. We obtain an average relative charmed-particle production cross section of σ(ν μ → c μ − ) σ(ν μ →μ − ) =4.9 −0.6 +0.7 % , at an average neutrino energy of 22 GeV. We also obtain a production rate of σ(ν μ → c c ν μ ) σ(ν μ →ν μ ) =0.13 −0.11 +0.31 % , if we assume that there was an undetected muon, a limit of σ(ν μ → c c μ − ) σ(ν μ → c μ − )<3% (90% CL ) can be obtained. Other cross section ratios and limits are also presented.
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MISPRINT IN TAB.1 IN YV AT XV=0.763, CORRECTED BY VVE FROM GRAPH.
The forward production of charm states in 350 GeV p-Fe interactions has been studied via the production of prompt single muons with momentum p ≳ 20 GeV/ c . The data indicate equal production of single μ + and μ − events. The observed momentum distributions can be fit with the hypothesis that D mesons are produced with an invariant cross section proportional to (1 − x F ) 5.0±0.8 exp[−(2 ± 0.3) P t ] and do not favor a large diffractive cross section predicted by intrinsic charm models. Extrapolation of the distributions to x F = 0 yields a total D D production cross section of 22.6 ± 2.1(±3.6)ωb/nucleon on the assumption of a linear A dependence and 8% average semileptonic branching ratio of charm states.
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Lambda-hyperon and K°-meson production effective cross sections in Interactions of relativistlc carbon nuclei, measured using a 2-meter propane bubble chamber, appear to be <^c « (24+6) mb; <7°°0- (30 ±10) mb. They are In fair agreement with the predictions of the flrestreak model making use of the hypothesis on chemical equilibrium and associative production of strange particles. It means that strange particle production In CC-lnteractlons at 4.2 GeV/c momentum per nucleon Is well described without Invoking hypothesis about the quark-gluon phase transition.
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