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The production of strange baryons Σ± (1385) and Ξ− has been observed in e+e− annihilations at 29 GeV center-of-mass energy, by use of data obtained with the High Resolution Spectrometer at the SLAC storage ring PEP. The total mean multiplicities are measured to be 〈nΣ±(1385)〉=0.033±0.006±0.005 and &〉=0.016±0.004 ±0.004 per hadronic event. The results are in good agreement with the Lund string model.
Two related searches for phenomena beyond the standard model (BSM) are performed using events with hadronic jets and significant transverse momentum imbalance. The results are based on a sample of proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC in 2016-2018 and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb$^{-1}$. The first search is inclusive, based on signal regions defined by the hadronic energy in the event, the jet multiplicity, the number of jets identified as originating from bottom quarks, and the value of the kinematic variable $M_\mathrm{T2}$ for events with at least two jets. For events with exactly one jet, the transverse momentum of the jet is used instead. The second search looks in addition for disappearing tracks produced by BSM long-lived charged particles that decay within the volume of the tracking detector. No excess event yield is observed above the predicted standard model background. This is used to constrain a range of BSM models that predict the following: the pair production of gluinos and squarks in the context of supersymmetry models conserving $R$-parity, with or without intermediate long-lived charginos produced in the decay chain; the resonant production of a colored scalar state decaying to a massive Dirac fermion and a quark; or the pair production of scalar and vector leptoquarks each decaying to a neutrino and a top, bottom, or light-flavor quark. In most of the cases, the results obtained are the most stringent constraints to date.
Definitions of super signal regions, along with predictions, observed data, and the observed 95% CL upper limits on the number of signal events contributing to each region ($N_{95}^\mathrm{max}$). The limits are given under assumptions of 0% and 15% for the uncertainty on the signal acceptance. All selection criteria as in the full analysis are applied. For regions with $N_\mathrm{j}=1$, $H_\mathrm{T}\equiv p_\mathrm{T}^\mathrm{jet}$.
Exclusion limits at 95% CL for direct gluino pair production, where the gluinos decay to light-flavor quarks ($\tilde{g}\to q\bar{q}\tilde{\chi}_1^0$). Signal cross sections are calculated at approximately NNLO+NNLL order in $\alpha_S$, assuming unity branching fraction to $q\bar{q}\tilde{\chi}_1^0$.
Exclusion limits at 95% CL for direct gluino pair production, where the gluinos decay to light-flavor quarks and either a $\tilde{\chi}_2^0$ that decays to $Z\tilde{\chi}_1^0$ (1/3 of the time), or a $\tilde{\chi}_1^\pm$ that decays to $W^\pm\tilde{\chi}_1^0$ (2/3 of the time). Signal cross sections are calculated at approximately NNLO+NNLL order in $\alpha_S$, assuming unity branching fraction to $q_i\bar{q}_j V\tilde{\chi}_1^0$.
Exclusion limits at 95% CL for direct gluino pair production, where the gluinos decay to light-flavor quarks and a $\tilde{\chi}_1^\pm$ that decays to $W^\pm\tilde{\chi}_1^0$. Signal cross sections are calculated at approximately NNLO+NNLL order in $\alpha_S$, assuming unity branching fraction to $q_i\bar{q}_j W\pm\tilde{\chi}_1^0$.
Exclusion limits at 95% CL for direct gluino pair production, where the gluinos decay to bottom quarks ($\tilde{g}\to b\bar{b}\tilde{\chi}_1^0$). Signal cross sections are calculated at approximately NNLO+NNLL order in $\alpha_S$, assuming unity branching fraction for the given decay.
Exclusion limits at 95% CL for direct gluino pair production, where the gluinos decay to top quarks ($\tilde{g}\to t\bar{t}\tilde{\chi}_1^0$). Signal cross sections are calculated at approximately NNLO+NNLL order in $\alpha_S$, assuming unity branching fraction for the given decay.
Exclusion limits at 95% CL for light-flavor squark pair production, where the squarks decay to $q\tilde{\chi}_1^0$. Signal cross sections are calculated at approximately NNLO+NNLL order in $\alpha_S$, assuming unity branching fraction for the given decay and 1-fold degeneracy in the light-flavor squarks (corresponding to the inner set of curves in the limit plot). To get the theory cross section for other N-fold degeneracy assumptions (e.g. 8-fold for the outer curves in the limit plot), just multiply by N.
Exclusion limits at 95% CL for bottom squark pair production, where the squarks decay to $b\tilde{\chi}_1^0$. Signal cross sections are calculated at approximately NNLO+NNLL order in $\alpha_S$, assuming unity branching fraction for the given decay.
Exclusion limits at 95% CL for top squark pair production, where the squarks decay to $t\tilde{\chi}_1^0$. Signal cross sections are calculated at approximately NNLO+NNLL order in $\alpha_S$, assuming unity branching fraction for the given decay.
Exclusion limits at 95% CL for top squark pair production, where the squarks decay to $b\tilde{\chi}_1^\pm$ and the $\tilde{\chi}_1^0$ decay to $W^\pm\tilde{\chi}_1^0$. Signal cross sections are calculated at approximately NNLO+NNLL order in $\alpha_S$, assuming unity branching fraction for the given decay.
Exclusion limits at 95% CL for top squark pair production, where the squarks decay either to $b\tilde{\chi}_1^\pm\to bW^\pm\tilde{\chi}_1^0$ or to $t\tilde{\chi}_1^0$. Signal cross sections are calculated at approximately NNLO+NNLL order in $\alpha_S$, assuming unity branching fraction for the given decay.
Exclusion limits at 95% CL for top squark pair production, where the squarks decay to $c\tilde{\chi}_1^0$. Signal cross sections are calculated at approximately NNLO+NNLL order in $\alpha_S$, assuming unity branching fraction for the given decay.
Exclusion limits at 95% CL for the mono-$\phi$ model, in which a resonantly-produced colored scalar decays to a massive Dirac fermion and a quark. Signal cross sections are calculated at leading order in $\alpha_S$, assuming unity branching fraction for the given decay.
Cross section limits for $\mathrm{LQ}\to\mathrm{q}\nu$, where $q=u,\,d,\,s,\,\mathrm{or}\,c$. Limits are at the 95% confidence level. Theory cross sections are LO for vector LQ, and NLO for scalar LQ. Branching ratio is assumed to be 100% to $\mathrm{q}\nu$.
Cross section limits for $\mathrm{LQ}\to\mathrm{b}\nu$. Limits are at the 95% confidence level. Theory cross sections are LO for vector LQ, and NLO for scalar LQ. Branching ratio is assumed to be 100% to $\mathrm{b}\nu$.
Cross section limits for $\mathrm{LQ}\to\mathrm{t}\nu$. Limits are at the 95% confidence level. Theory cross sections are LO for vector LQ, and NLO for scalar LQ. Branching ratios are assumed to be $\mathcal{B}(\mathrm{LQ}\to\mathrm{t}\nu)=1-\beta$, and $\mathcal{B}(\mathrm{LQ}\to\mathrm{b}\tau)=\beta$.
Predictions and observations for monojet signal regions
Predictions and observations for signal regions with $250 \leq H_\mathrm{T} < 450$ GeV
Predictions and observations for signal regions with $450 \leq H_\mathrm{T} < 575$ GeV and $N_\mathrm{j}<7$
Predictions and observations for signal regions with $450 \leq H_\mathrm{T} < 575$ GeV and $N_\mathrm{j}\geq7$
Predictions and observations for signal regions with $575 \leq H_\mathrm{T} < 1200$ GeV and $N_\mathrm{j}^\mathrm{hi}<4$
Predictions and observations for signal regions with $575 \leq H_\mathrm{T} < 1200$ GeV and $4\leq N_\mathrm{j}^\mathrm{hi}<7$
Predictions and observations for signal regions with $575 \leq H_\mathrm{T} < 1200$ GeV and $N_\mathrm{j}\geq7$
Predictions and observations for signal regions with $1200 \leq H_\mathrm{T} < 1500$ GeV and $N_\mathrm{j}^\mathrm{hi}<4$
Predictions and observations for signal regions with $1200 \leq H_\mathrm{T} < 1500$ GeV and $4\leq N_\mathrm{j}^\mathrm{hi}<7$
Predictions and observations for signal regions with $1200 \leq H_\mathrm{T} < 1500$ GeV and $N_\mathrm{j}\geq7$
Predictions and observations for signal regions with $H_\mathrm{T} \geq 1500$ GeV and $N_\mathrm{j}<7$
Predictions and observations for signal regions with $H_\mathrm{T} \geq 1500$ GeV and $N_\mathrm{j}\geq7$
Covariance matrix for the 282 signal regions of the inclusive $M_\mathrm{T2}$ search
Correlation matrix for the 282 signal regions of the inclusive $M_\mathrm{T2}$ search
Bin number definitions for the $M_\mathrm{T2}$ covariance and correlation matrices
Exclusion limits at 95% CL for direct gluino pair production, where the gluinos decay to light-flavor quarks and either the lightest neutralino, or the lightest chargino, and the chargino is long-lived with $c\tau_0 = 10$ cm and mass O(100) MeV greater than the neutralino's mass. Signal cross sections are calculated at approximately NNLO+NNLL order in $\alpha_S$.
Exclusion limits at 95% CL for direct gluino pair production, where the gluinos decay to light-flavor quarks and either the lightest neutralino, or the lightest chargino, and the chargino is long-lived with $c\tau_0 = 50$ cm and mass O(100) MeV greater than the neutralino's mass. Signal cross sections are calculated at approximately NNLO+NNLL order in $\alpha_S$.
Exclusion limits at 95% CL for direct gluino pair production, where the gluinos decay to light-flavor quarks and either the lightest neutralino, or the lightest chargino, and the chargino is long-lived with $c\tau_0 = 200$ cm and mass O(100) MeV greater than the neutralino's mass. Signal cross sections are calculated at approximately NNLO+NNLL order in $\alpha_S$.
Exclusion limits at 95% CL for direct light squark pair production, where the squarks decay to light-flavor quarks and either the lightest neutralino, or the lightest chargino, and the chargino is long-lived with $c\tau_0 = 10$ cm and mass O(100) MeV greater than the neutralino's mass. Signal cross sections are calculated at approximately NNLO+NNLL order in $\alpha_S$, for a single light squark.
Exclusion limits at 95% CL for direct light squark pair production, where the squarks decay to light-flavor quarks and either the lightest neutralino, or the lightest chargino, and the chargino is long-lived with $c\tau_0 = 50$ cm and mass O(100) MeV greater than the neutralino's mass. Signal cross sections are calculated at approximately NNLO+NNLL order in $\alpha_S$, for a single light squark.
Exclusion limits at 95% CL for direct light squark pair production, where the squarks decay to light-flavor quarks and either the lightest neutralino, or the lightest chargino, and the chargino is long-lived with $c\tau_0 = 200$ cm and mass O(100) MeV greater than the neutralino's mass. Signal cross sections are calculated at approximately NNLO+NNLL order in $\alpha_S$, for a single light squark.
Exclusion limits at 95% CL for direct stop pair production, where the stops decay to either a top and the lightest neutralino, or a bottom and the lightest chargino, and the chargino is long-lived with $c\tau_0 = 10$ cm and mass O(100) MeV greater than the neutralino's mass. Signal cross sections are calculated at approximately NNLO+NNLL order in $\alpha_S$.
Exclusion limits at 95% CL for direct stop pair production, where the stops decay to either a top and the lightest neutralino, or a bottom and the lightest chargino, and the chargino is long-lived with $c\tau_0 = 50$ cm and mass O(100) MeV greater than the neutralino's mass. Signal cross sections are calculated at approximately NNLO+NNLL order in $\alpha_S$.
Exclusion limits at 95% CL for direct stop pair production, where the stops decay to either a top and the lightest neutralino, or a bottom and the lightest chargino, and the chargino is long-lived with $c\tau_0 = 200$ cm and mass O(100) MeV greater than the neutralino's mass. Signal cross sections are calculated at approximately NNLO+NNLL order in $\alpha_S$.
The maximum chargino mass excluded at 95% CL for direct gluino pair production, where the gluinos decay to light-flavor quarks and either the lightest neutralino, or the lightest chargino, and the chargino mass is O(100) MeV greater than the neutralino's mass. The chargino's lifetime is varied from $c\tau_{0} = 1$ to 2000 cm while the gluino mass is fixed to 1900 GeV. Signal cross sections are calculated at approximately NNLO+NNLL order in $\alpha_S$. If all kinematically allowed chargino masses are excluded, the curves, including 68 and 95% expected, tend to overlap. At short decay lengths, horizontal exclusion lines are obtained from the inclusive analysis, as this is not affected by track reconstruction inefficiencies, which may arise when the chargino decays before the CMS tracker, and therefore shows better sensitivity to scenarios with very small lifetime compared to the disappearing track search, based on median expected limits.
The maximum chargino mass excluded at 95% CL for direct squark pair production, where the squarks decay to light-flavor quarks and either the lightest neutralino, or the lightest chargino, and the chargino mass is O(100) MeV greater than the neutralino's mass. The chargino's lifetime is varied from $c\tau_{0} = 1$ to 2000 cm while the squark mass is fixed to 900 GeV. Signal cross sections are calculated at approximately NNLO+NNLL order in $\alpha_S$, for a single light squark. If all kinematically allowed chargino masses are excluded, the curves, including 68 and 95% expected, tend to overlap. At short decay lengths, horizontal exclusion lines are obtained from the inclusive analysis, as this is not affected by track reconstruction inefficiencies, which may arise when the chargino decays before the CMS tracker, and therefore shows better sensitivity to scenarios with very small lifetime compared to the disappearing track search, based on median expected limits.
The maximum chargino mass excluded at 95% CL for direct squark pair production, where the squarks decay to light-flavor quarks and either the lightest neutralino, or the lightest chargino, and the chargino mass is O(100) MeV greater than the neutralino's mass. The chargino's lifetime is varied from $c\tau_{0} = 1$ to 2000 cm while the squark mass is fixed to 1500 GeV. Signal cross sections are calculated at approximately NNLO+NNLL order in $\alpha_S$, and the eight light squarks' masses are assumed to be degenerate. If all kinematically allowed chargino masses are excluded, the curves, including 68 and 95% expected, tend to overlap. At short decay lengths, horizontal exclusion lines are obtained from the inclusive analysis, as this is not affected by track reconstruction inefficiencies, which may arise when the chargino decays before the CMS tracker, and therefore shows better sensitivity to scenarios with very small lifetime compared to the disappearing track search, based on median expected limits.
Exclusion limits at 95% CL for direct stop pair production, where the stops decay to either a top and the lightest neutralino, or a bottom and the lightest chargino, and the chargino mass is O(100) MeV greater than the neutralino's mass. The chargino's lifetime is varied from $c\tau_{0} = 1$ to 2000 cm while the stop mass is fixed to 1000 GeV. Signal cross sections are calculated at approximately NNLO+NNLL order in $\alpha_S$. If all kinematically allowed chargino masses are excluded, the curves, including 68 and 95% expected, tend to overlap. At short decay lengths, horizontal exclusion lines are obtained from the inclusive analysis, as this is not affected by track reconstruction inefficiencies, which may arise when the chargino decays before the CMS tracker, and therefore shows better sensitivity to scenarios with very small lifetime compared to the disappearing track search, based on median expected limits.
Exclusion limits at 95% CL for direct gluino pair production, where the gluinos decay to light-flavor quarks and either the lightest neutralino, or the lightest chargino, and the chargino mass is O(100) MeV greater than the neutralino's mass. The chargino's lifetime is varied from $c\tau_{0} = 5$ to 1000 cm while the gluino mass is fixed to 1600 GeV and the neutralino's mass is fixed to 1575 GeV. Signal cross sections are calculated at approximately NNLO+NNLL order in $\alpha_S$.
Exclusion limits at 95% CL for direct squark pair production, where the squarks decay to light-flavor quarks and either the lightest neutralino, or the lightest chargino, and the chargino mass is O(100) MeV greater than the neutralino's mass. The chargino's lifetime is varied from $c\tau_{0} = 5$ to 1000 cm while the squark mass is fixed to 2000 GeV and the neutralino's mass is fixed to 1000 GeV. Signal cross sections are calculated at approximately NNLO+NNLL order in $\alpha_S$, and the eight light squarks' masses are assumed to be degenerate.
Exclusion limits at 95% CL for direct stop pair production, where the stops decay to either a top and the lightest neutralino, or a bottom and the lightest chargino, and the chargino mass is O(100) MeV greater than the neutralino's mass. The chargino's lifetime is varied from $c\tau_{0} = 5$ to 1000 cm while the stop mass is fixed to 1100 GeV and the neutralino's mass is fixed to 1000 GeV. Signal cross sections are calculated at approximately NNLO+NNLL order in $\alpha_S$.
Predictions and observations for 2016 disappearing track signal regions
Predictions and observations for 2017-2018 pixel track signal regions
Predictions and observations for 2017-2018 medium (M) and long (L) length track signal regions
Covariance matrix for the 68 signal regions of the disappearing tracks $M_\mathrm{T2}$ search
Correlation matrix for the 68 signal regions of the disappearing tracks $M_\mathrm{T2}$ search
In this erratum we report changes on the $D^0$ $p_T$ spectra and nuclear modification factor ($R_{AA}$) in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{\mathrm{NN}}}}$ = 200 GeV by fixing the errors in the efficiency and selection criteria that affected the Au+Au results. The p+p reference spectrum has changed as well and is updated with new fragmentation parameters.
Multijet events at large transverse momentum ($p_\mathrm{T}$) are measured at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV using data recorded with the CMS detector at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36.3 fb$^{-1}$. The multiplicity of jets with $p_\mathrm{T}$$>$ 50 GeV that are produced in association with a high-$p_\mathrm{T}$ dijet system is measured in various ranges of the $p_\mathrm{T}$ of the jet with the highest transverse momentum and as a function of the azimuthal angle difference $\Delta\phi_{1,2}$ between the two highest $p_\mathrm{T}$ jets in the dijet system. The differential production cross sections are measured as a function of the transverse momenta of the four highest $p_\mathrm{T}$ jets. The measurements are compared with leading and next-to-leading order matrix element calculations supplemented with simulations of parton shower, hadronization, and multiparton interactions. In addition, the measurements are compared with next-to-leading order matrix element calculations combined with transverse-momentum dependent parton densities and transverse-momentum dependent parton shower.
Jet multiplicity measured for a leading-pT jet ($p_{T1}$) with 200 < $p_{T1}$ < 400 GeV and for an azimuthal separation between the two leading jets of $0 < \Delta\Phi_{1,2} < 150^{\circ}$. The full breakdown of the uncertainties is displayed, with PU corresponding to Pileup, PREF to Trigger Prefering, PTHAT to the hard-scale (renormalization and factorization scales), MISS and FAKE to the inefficienties and background, LUMI to integrated luminosity. With JES, JER and stat. unc. following the notation in the paper.
Jet multiplicity measured for a leading-pT jet ($p_{T1}$) with 200 < $p_{T1}$ < 400 GeV and for an azimuthal separation between the two leading jets of $150 < \Delta\Phi_{1,2} < 170^{\circ}$. The full breakdown of the uncertainties is displayed, with PU corresponding to Pileup, PREF to Trigger Prefering, PTHAT to the hard-scale (renormalization and factorization scales), MISS and FAKE to the inefficienties and background, LUMI to integrated luminosity. With JES, JER and stat. unc. following the notation in the paper.
Jet multiplicity measured for a leading-pT jet ($p_{T1}$) with 200 < $p_{T1}$ < 400 GeV and for an azimuthal separation between the two leading jets of $170 < \Delta\Phi_{1,2} < 180^{\circ}$. The full breakdown of the uncertainties is displayed, with PU corresponding to Pileup, PREF to Trigger Prefering, PTHAT to the hard-scale (renormalization and factorization scales), MISS and FAKE to the inefficienties and background, LUMI to integrated luminosity. With JES, JER and stat. unc. following the notation in the paper.
Jet multiplicity measured for a leading-pT jet ($p_{T1}$) with 400 < $p_{T1}$ < 800 GeV and for an azimuthal separation between the two leading jets of $0 < \Delta\Phi_{1,2} < 150^{\circ}$. The full breakdown of the uncertainties is displayed, with PU corresponding to Pileup, PREF to Trigger Prefering, PTHAT to the hard-scale (renormalization and factorization scales), MISS and FAKE to the inefficienties and background, LUMI to integrated luminosity. With JES, JER and stat. unc. following the notation in the paper.
Jet multiplicity measured for a leading-pT jet ($p_{T1}$) with 400 < $p_{T1}$ < 800 GeV and for an azimuthal separation between the two leading jets of $150 < \Delta\Phi_{1,2} < 170^{\circ}$. The full breakdown of the uncertainties is displayed, with PU corresponding to Pileup, PREF to Trigger Prefering, PTHAT to the hard-scale (renormalization and factorization scales), MISS and FAKE to the inefficienties and background, LUMI to integrated luminosity. With JES, JER and stat. unc. following the notation in the paper.
Jet multiplicity measured for a leading-pT jet ($p_{T1}$) with 400 < $p_{T1}$ < 800 GeV and for an azimuthal separation between the two leading jets of $170 < \Delta\Phi_{1,2} < 180^{\circ}$. The full breakdown of the uncertainties is displayed, with PU corresponding to Pileup, PREF to Trigger Prefering, PTHAT to the hard-scale (renormalization and factorization scales), MISS and FAKE to the inefficienties and background, LUMI to integrated luminosity. With JES, JER and stat. unc. following the notation in the paper.
Jet multiplicity measured for a leading-pT jet ($p_{T1}$) with $p_{T1}$ > 800 and for an azimuthal separation between the two leading jets of $0 < \Delta\Phi_{1,2} < 150^{\circ}$. The full breakdown of the uncertainties is displayed, with PU corresponding to Pileup, PREF to Trigger Prefering, PTHAT to the hard-scale (renormalization and factorization scales), MISS and FAKE to the inefficienties and background, LUMI to integrated luminosity. With JES, JER and stat. unc. following the notation in the paper.
Jet multiplicity measured for a leading-pT jet ($p_{T1}$) with $p_{T1}$ > 800 and for an azimuthal separation between the two leading jets of $150 < \Delta\Phi_{1,2} < 170^{\circ}$. The full breakdown of the uncertainties is displayed, with PU corresponding to Pileup, PREF to Trigger Prefering, PTHAT to the hard-scale (renormalization and factorization scales), MISS and FAKE to the inefficienties and background, LUMI to integrated luminosity. With JES, JER and stat. unc. following the notation in the paper.
Jet multiplicity measured for a leading-pT jet ($p_{T1}$) with $p_{T1}$ > 800 and for an azimuthal separation between the two leading jets of $170 < \Delta\Phi_{1,2} < 180^{\circ}$. The full breakdown of the uncertainties is displayed, with PU corresponding to Pileup, PREF to Trigger Prefering, PTHAT to the hard-scale (renormalization and factorization scales), MISS and FAKE to the inefficienties and background, LUMI to integrated luminosity. With JES, JER and stat. unc. following the notation in the paper.
Measured transverse momentum of the leading $p_{T}$ jet ($p_{T1}$). The full breakdown of the uncertainties is displayed, with PU corresponding to Pileup, PREF to Trigger Prefering, PTHAT to the hard-scale (renormalization and factorization scales), MISS and FAKE to the inefficienties and background, LUMI to integrated luminosity. With JES, JER and stat. unc. following the notation in the paper.
Measured transverse momentum of the subleading $p_{T}$ jet ($p_{T2}$). The full breakdown of the uncertainties is displayed, with PU corresponding to Pileup, PREF to Trigger Prefering, PTHAT to the hard-scale (renormalization and factorization scales), MISS and FAKE to the inefficienties and background, LUMI to integrated luminosity. With JES, JER and stat. unc. following the notation in the paper.
Measured transverse momentum of the third leading $p_{T}$ jet ($p_{T3}$). The full breakdown of the uncertainties is displayed, with PU corresponding to Pileup, PREF to Trigger Prefering, PTHAT to the hard-scale (renormalization and factorization scales), MISS and FAKE to the inefficienties and background, LUMI to integrated luminosity. With JES, JER and stat. unc. following the notation in the paper.
Measured transverse momentum of the fourth leading $p_{T}$ jet ($p_{T4}$). The full breakdown of the uncertainties is displayed, with PU corresponding to Pileup, PREF to Trigger Prefering, PTHAT to the hard-scale (renormalization and factorization scales), MISS and FAKE to the inefficienties and background, LUMI to integrated luminosity. With JES, JER and stat. unc. following the notation in the paper.
Jet multiplicity distribution in TUnfold binning ($N_{jets},\Delta\phi_{1,2},p_{T1}$) as indicated in the XML file provided as additional resource. The uncertainties follow the notation of Table 1.
We report the first multi-differential measurements of strange hadrons of $K^{-}$, $\phi$ and $\Xi^{-}$ yields as well as the ratios of $\phi/K^-$ and $\phi/\Xi^-$ in Au+Au collisions at ${\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = \rm{3\,GeV}}$ with the STAR experiment fixed target configuration at RHIC. The $\phi$ mesons and $\Xi^{-}$ hyperons are measured through hadronic decay channels, $\phi\rightarrow K^+K^-$ and $\Xi^-\rightarrow \Lambda\pi^-$. Collision centrality and rapidity dependence of the transverse momentum spectra for these strange hadrons are presented. The $4\pi$ yields and ratios are compared to thermal model and hadronic transport model predictions. At this collision energy, thermal model with grand canonical ensemble (GCE) under-predicts the $\phi/K^-$ and $\phi/\Xi^-$ ratios while the result of canonical ensemble (CE) calculations reproduce $\phi/K^-$, with the correlation length $r_c \sim 2.7$ fm, and $\phi/\Xi^-$, $r_c \sim 4.2$ fm, for the 0-10% central collisions. Hadronic transport models including high mass resonance decays could also describe the ratios. While thermal calculations with GCE work well for strangeness production in high energy collisions, the change to CE at $\rm{3\,GeV}$ implies a rather different medium property at high baryon density.
The production cross section of a top quark pair in association with a photon is measured in proton-proton collisions in the decay channel with two oppositely charged leptons (e$^\pm\mu^\mp$, e$^+$e$^-$, or $\mu^+\mu^-$). The measurement is performed using 138 fb$^{-1}$ of proton-proton collision data recorded by the CMS experiment at $\sqrt{s} =$ 13 TeV during the 2016-2018 data-taking period of the CERN LHC. A fiducial phase space is defined such that photons radiated by initial-state particles, top quarks, or any of their decay products are included. An inclusive cross section of 175.2 $\pm$ 2.5 (stat) $\pm$ 6.3 (syst) fb is measured in a signal region with at least one jet coming from the hadronization of a bottom quark and exactly one photon with transverse momentum above 20 GeV. Differential cross sections are measured as functions of several kinematic observables of the photon, leptons, and jets, and compared to standard model predictions. The measurements are also interpreted in the standard model effective field theory framework, and limits are found on the relevant Wilson coefficients from these results alone and in combination with a previous CMS measurement of the $\mathrm{t\bar{t}}\gamma$ production process using the lepton+jets final state.
Observed and predicted event yields as a function of $p_{T}(\gamma)$ in the $e\mu$ channel, after the fit to the data.
Observed and predicted event yields as a function of $p_{T}(\gamma)$ in the $ee$ channel, after the fit to the data.
Observed and predicted event yields as a function of $p_{T}(\gamma)$ in the $\mu\mu$ channel, after the fit to the data.
Measured inclusive fiducial $tt\gamma$ production cross section in the dilepton final state for the different dilepton-flavour channels and combined.
Absolute differential $tt\gamma$ production cross section as a function of $p_{T}(\gamma)$ . The values provided in the table are not divided by the bin width.
Absolute differential $tt\gamma$ production cross section as a function of $|\eta |(\gamma)$. The values provided in the table are not divided by the bin width.
Absolute differential $tt\gamma$ production cross section as a function of min $\Delta R(\gamma, \ell)$. The values provided in the table are not divided by the bin width.
Absolute differential $tt\gamma$ production cross section as a function of $\Delta R(\gamma, \ell_{1})$. The values provided in the table are not divided by the bin width.
Absolute differential $tt\gamma$ production cross section as a function of $\Delta R(\gamma, \ell_{2})$. The values provided in the table are not divided by the bin width.
Absolute differential $tt\gamma$ production cross section as a function of min $\Delta R(\gamma, b)$. The values provided in the table are not divided by the bin width.
Absolute differential $tt\gamma$ production cross section as a function of $|\Delta\eta(\ell\ell)|$. The values provided in the table are not divided by the bin width.
Absolute differential $tt\gamma$ production cross section as a function of $\Delta \phi(\ell\ell)$. The values provided in the table are not divided by the bin width.
Absolute differential $tt\gamma$ production cross section as a function of $p_{T}(\ell\ell) $. The values provided in the table are not divided by the bin width.
Absolute differential $tt\gamma$ production cross section as a function of $p_{T}(\ell_{1})+p_{T}(\ell_{2})$ . The values provided in the table are not divided by the bin width.
Absolute differential $tt\gamma$ production cross section as a function of min $\Delta R(\ell, j)$. The values provided in the table are not divided by the bin width.
Absolute differential $tt\gamma$ production cross section as a function of $p_{T}(j_{1})$ .
Normalized differential $tt\gamma$ production cross section as a function of $p_{T}(\gamma)$ . The values provided in the table are not divided by the bin width.
Normalized differential $tt\gamma$ production cross section as a function of $|\eta |(\gamma)$. The values provided in the table are not divided by the bin width.
Normalized differential $tt\gamma$ production cross section as a function of min $\Delta R(\gamma, \ell)$. The values provided in the table are not divided by the bin width.
Normalized differential $tt\gamma$ production cross section as a function of $\Delta R(\gamma, \ell_{1})$. The values provided in the table are not divided by the bin width.
Normalized differential $tt\gamma$ production cross section as a function of $\Delta R(\gamma, \ell_{2})$. The values provided in the table are not divided by the bin width.
Normalized differential $tt\gamma$ production cross section as a function of min $\Delta R(\gamma, b)$. The values provided in the table are not divided by the bin width.
Normalized differential $tt\gamma$ production cross section as a function of $|\Delta\eta(\ell\ell)|$. The values provided in the table are not divided by the bin width.
Normalized differential $tt\gamma$ production cross section as a function of $\Delta \phi(\ell\ell)$. The values provided in the table are not divided by the bin width.
Normalized differential $tt\gamma$ production cross section as a function of $p_{T}(\ell\ell) $. The values provided in the table are not divided by the bin width.
Normalized differential $tt\gamma$ production cross section as a function of $p_{T}(\ell_{1})+p_{T}(\ell_{2})$ . The values provided in the table are not divided by the bin width.
Normalized differential $tt\gamma$ production cross section as a function of min $\Delta R(\ell, j)$. The values provided in the table are not divided by the bin width.
Normalized differential $tt\gamma$ production cross section as a function of $p_{T}(j_{1})$ . The values provided in the table are not divided by the bin width.
Correlation matrix of the systematic uncertainty in the absolute differential cross section as a function of $p_{T}(\gamma)$ .
Correlation matrix of the statistical uncertainty in the absolute differential cross section as a function of $p_{T}(\gamma)$ .
Correlation matrix of the systematic uncertainty in the absolute differential cross section as a function of $|\eta |(\gamma)$.
Correlation matrix of the statistical uncertainty in the absolute differential cross section as a function of $|\eta |(\gamma)$.
Correlation matrix of the systematic uncertainty in the absolute differential cross section as a function of min $\Delta R(\gamma, \ell)$.
Correlation matrix of the statistical uncertainty in the absolute differential cross section as a function of min $\Delta R(\gamma, \ell)$.
Correlation matrix of the systematic uncertainty in the absolute differential cross section as a function of $\Delta R(\gamma, \ell_{1})$.
Correlation matrix of the statistical uncertainty in the absolute differential cross section as a function of $\Delta R(\gamma, \ell_{1})$.
Correlation matrix of the systematic uncertainty in the absolute differential cross section as a function of $\Delta R(\gamma, \ell_{2})$.
Correlation matrix of the statistical uncertainty in the absolute differential cross section as a function of $\Delta R(\gamma, \ell_{2})$.
Correlation matrix of the systematic uncertainty in the absolute differential cross section as a function of min $\Delta R(\gamma, b)$.
Correlation matrix of the statistical uncertainty in the absolute differential cross section as a function of min $\Delta R(\gamma, b)$.
Correlation matrix of the systematic uncertainty in the absolute differential cross section as a function of $|\Delta\eta(\ell\ell)|$.
Correlation matrix of the statistical uncertainty in the absolute differential cross section as a function of $|\Delta\eta(\ell\ell)|$.
Correlation matrix of the systematic uncertainty in the absolute differential cross section as a function of $\Delta \phi(\ell\ell)$.
Correlation matrix of the statistical uncertainty in the absolute differential cross section as a function of $\Delta \phi(\ell\ell)$.
Correlation matrix of the systematic uncertainty in the absolute differential cross section as a function of $p_{T}(\ell\ell) $.
Correlation matrix of the statistical uncertainty in the absolute differential cross section as a function of $p_{T}(\ell\ell) $.
Correlation matrix of the systematic uncertainty in the absolute differential cross section as a function of $p_{T}(\ell_{1})+p_{T}(\ell_{2})$ .
Correlation matrix of the statistical uncertainty in the absolute differential cross section as a function of $p_{T}(\ell_{1})+p_{T}(\ell_{2})$ .
Correlation matrix of the systematic uncertainty in the absolute differential cross section as a function of min $\Delta R(\ell, j)$.
Correlation matrix of the statistical uncertainty in the absolute differential cross section as a function of min $\Delta R(\ell, j)$.
Correlation matrix of the systematic uncertainty in the absolute differential cross section as a function of $p_{T}(j_{1})$ .
Correlation matrix of the statistical uncertainty in the absolute differential cross section as a function of $p_{T}(j_{1})$ .
Negative log-likelihood difference from the best-fit value for the one-dimensional scans of the Wilson coefficient $c_{tZ}$, using the photon pT distribution from the dilepton analysis. The value of $c^{I}_{tZ}$ is fixed to zero in the fit.
Negative log-likelihood difference from the best-fit value for the one-dimensional scans of the Wilson coefficient $c_{tZ}$, using the combination of photon pT distributions from the dilepton and lepton+jets analyses. The value of $c^{I}_{tZ}$ is fixed to zero in the fit.
Negative log-likelihood difference from the best-fit value for the one-dimensional scans of the Wilson coefficient $c^{I}_{tZ}$, using the photon pT distribution from the dilepton analysis. The value of $c_{tZ}$ is fixed to zero in the fit.
Negative log-likelihood difference from the best-fit value for the one-dimensional scans of the Wilson coefficient $c^{I}_{tZ}$, using the combination of photon pT distributions from the dilepton and lepton+jets analyses. The value of $c_{tZ}$ is fixed to zero in the fit.
Negative log-likelihood difference from the best-fit value for the one-dimensional scans of the Wilson coefficient $c_{tZ}$, using the photon pT distribution from the dilepton analysis. The value of $c^{I}_{tZ}$ is profiled in the fit.
Negative log-likelihood difference from the best-fit value for the one-dimensional scans of the Wilson coefficient $c_{tZ}$, using the combination of photon pT distributions from the dilepton and lepton+jets analyses. The value of $c^{I}_{tZ}$ is profiled in the fit.
Negative log-likelihood difference from the best-fit value for the one-dimensional scans of the Wilson coefficient $c^{I}_{tZ}$, using the photon pT distribution from the dilepton analysis. The value of $c_{tZ}$ is profiled in the fit.
Negative log-likelihood difference from the best-fit value for the one-dimensional scans of the Wilson coefficient $c^{I}_{tZ}$, using the combination of photon pT distributions from the dilepton and lepton+jets analyses. The value of $c_{tZ}$ is profiled in the fit.
Negative log-likelihood difference from the best-fit value as a function of Wilson coefficients $c_{tZ}$ and $c^{I}_{tZ}$ from the interpretation of the dilepton measurement.
Negative log-likelihood difference from the best-fit value as a function of Wilson coefficients $c_{tZ}$ and $c^{I}_{tZ}$ from the interpretation of the dilepton and lepton+jets measurements combined.
One-dimensional 68 and 95% CL intervals obtained for the Wilson coefficients $c_{tZ}$ and $c^{I}_{tZ}$, using the photon $p_{T}$ distribution from the dilepton analysis, or the combination of photon pT distributions from the dilepton and lepton+jets analyses.
Comparison of observed $95\%$ CL intervals for the Wilson coefficients $c_{tZ}$ and $c^{I}_{tZ}$. Results are shown from a CMS ttZ measurement [JHEP 03 (2020) 056], from a CMS ttZ & tZq interpretation [arXiv:2107.13896], from a CMS ttG (lepton+jets) measurement [arXiv:2107.01508], from this measurement, and from a global fit by J. Ellis et al. [JHEP 04 (2021) 279].
Production cross sections of $\Upsilon$(1S), $\Upsilon$(2S), and $\Upsilon$(3S) states decaying into $\mu^+\mu^-$ in proton-lead (pPb) collisions are reported using data collected by the CMS experiment at $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}} =$ 5.02 TeV. A comparison is made with corresponding cross sections obtained with pp data measured at the same collision energy and scaled by the Pb nucleus mass number. The nuclear modification factor for $\Upsilon$(1S) is found to be $R_\mathrm{pPb}(\Upsilon(1S))$ = 0.806 $\pm$ 0.024 (stat) $\pm$ 0.059 (syst). Similar results for the excited states indicate a sequential suppression pattern, such that $R_\mathrm{pPb}(\Upsilon(1S))$$\gt$$R_\mathrm{pPb}(\Upsilon(2S))$$\gt$$R_\mathrm{pPb}(\Upsilon(3S))$. The suppression is much less pronounced in pPb than in PbPb collisions, and independent of transverse momentum $p_\mathrm{T}^\Upsilon$ and center-of-mass rapidity $y_\mathrm{CM}^\Upsilon$ of the individual $\Upsilon$ state in the studied range $p_\mathrm{T}^\Upsilon$$\lt$ 30 GeV$/c$ and $\vert y_\mathrm{CM}^\Upsilon\vert$$\lt$ 1.93. Models that incorporate sequential suppression of bottomonia in pPb collisions are in better agreement with the data than those which only assume initial-state modifications.
Elliptic flow (v_2) values for identified particles at midrapidity in Au + Au collisions measured by the STAR experiment in the Beam Energy Scan at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider at sqrt{s_{NN}}= 7.7--62.4 GeV are presented for three centrality classes. The centrality dependence and the data at sqrt{s_{NN}}= 14.5 GeV are new. Except at the lowest beam energies we observe a similar relative v_2 baryon-meson splitting for all centrality classes which is in agreement within 15% with the number-of-constituent quark scaling. The larger v_2 for most particles relative to antiparticles, already observed for minimum bias collisions, shows a clear centrality dependence, with the largest difference for the most central collisions. Also, the results are compared with A Multiphase Transport Model and fit with a Blast Wave model.
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The difference in $v_{2}$ between particles (X) and their corresponding antiparticles $\bar{X}$ (see legend) as a function of $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ for 10%-40% central Au + Au collisions. The systematic errors are shown by the hooked error bars. The dashed lines in the plot are fits with a power-law function.
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The difference in $v_{2}$ between protons and antiprotons as a function of $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ for 0%-10%, 10%-40% and 40%-80% central Au + Au collisions. The systematic errors are shown by the hooked error bars. The dashed lines in the plot are fits with a power-law function.
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The relative difference. The systematic errors are shown by the hooked error bars. The dashed lines in the plot are fits with a power-law function.
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The $v_{2}$ difference between protons and antiprotons (and between $\pi^{+}$ and $pi^{-}$) for 10%-40% centrality Au+Au collisions at 7.7, 11.5, 14.5, and 19.6 GeV. The $v_{2}{BBC} results were slightly shifted horizontally.
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The production cross section of a top quark pair in association with a photon is measured in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The data set, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb$^{-1}$, was recorded by the CMS experiment during the 2016-2018 data taking of the LHC. The measurements are performed in a fiducial volume defined at the particle level. Events with an isolated, highly energetic lepton, at least three jets from the hadronization of quarks, among which at least one is b tagged, and one isolated photon are selected. The inclusive fiducial $\mathrm{t\overline{t}}\gamma$ cross section, for a photon with transverse momentum greater than 20 GeV and pseudorapidity $\lvert \eta\rvert$$\lt$ 1.4442, is measured to be 798 $\pm$ 7 (stat) $\pm$ 48 (syst) fb, in good agreement with the prediction from the standard model at next-to-leading order in quantum chromodynamics. The differential cross sections are also measured as a function of several kinematic observables and interpreted in the framework of the standard model effective field theory (EFT), leading to the most stringent direct limits to date on anomalous electromagnetic dipole moment interactions of the top quark and the photon.
Distribution of $p_{T}(\gamma)$ in the $N_{jet}\geq 3$ signal region.
Distribution of $p_{T}(\gamma)$ in the $N_{jet}\geq 3$ signal region.
Distribution of $m_{T}(W)$ in the $N_{jet}\geq 3$ signal region.
Distribution of $m_{T}(W)$ in the $N_{jet}\geq 3$ signal region.
Distribution of $M_{3}$ in the $N_{jet}\geq 3$ signal region.
Distribution of $M_{3}$ in the $N_{jet}\geq 3$ signal region.
Distribution of $m(l,\gamma)$ in the $N_{jet}\geq 3$ signal region.
Distribution of $m(l,\gamma)$ in the $N_{jet}\geq 3$ signal region.
Distribution of $\Delta R(l,\gamma)$ in the $N_{jet}\geq 3$ signal region.
Distribution of $\Delta R(l,\gamma)$ in the $N_{jet}\geq 3$ signal region.
Distribution of $\Delta R(j,\gamma)$ in the $N_{jet}\geq 3$ signal region.
Distribution of $\Delta R(j,\gamma)$ in the $N_{jet}\geq 3$ signal region.
Fit result of the multijet template obtained with loosely isolated leptons and the electroweak background to the measured $m_{T}(W)$ distribution with isolated leptons in the $N_{jet}=2$, $N_{b jet}=0$ selection for electrons.
Fit result of the multijet template obtained with loosely isolated leptons and the electroweak background to the measured $m_{T}(W)$ distribution with isolated leptons in the $N_{jet}=2$, $N_{b jet}=0$ selection for electrons.
Fit result of the multijet template obtained with loosely isolated leptons and the electroweak background to the measured $m_{T}(W)$ distribution with isolated leptons in the $N_{jet}=2$, $N_{b jet}=0$ selection for muons.
Fit result of the multijet template obtained with loosely isolated leptons and the electroweak background to the measured $m_{T}(W)$ distribution with isolated leptons in the $N_{jet}=2$, $N_{b jet}=0$ selection for muons.
Distribution of the invariant mass of the lepton and the photon ($m(l,\gamma)$) in the $N_{jet}\geq 3$, $N_{b jet}=0$ selection for the e channel.
Distribution of the invariant mass of the lepton and the photon ($m(l,\gamma)$) in the $N_{jet}\geq 3$, $N_{b jet}=0$ selection for the e channel.
Distribution of the invariant mass of the lepton and the photon ($m(l,\gamma)$) in the $N_{jet}\geq 3$, $N_{b jet}=0$ selection for the $\mu$ channel.
Distribution of the invariant mass of the lepton and the photon ($m(l,\gamma)$) in the $N_{jet}\geq 3$, $N_{b jet}=0$ selection for the $\mu$ channel.
Extracted scale factors for the contribution from misidentified electrons for the three data-taking periods, and the Z$\gamma$, W$\gamma$ simulations.
Extracted scale factors for the contribution from misidentified electrons for the three data-taking periods, and the Z$\gamma$, W$\gamma$ simulations.
Predicted and observed yields in the control regions in the $N_{jet}= 3$ and $\geq 4$ seletions using the post-fit values of the nuisance parameters.
Predicted and observed yields in the control regions in the $N_{jet}= 3$ and $\geq 4$ seletions using the post-fit values of the nuisance parameters.
Predicted and observed yields in the signal regions in the $N_{jet}= 3$ and $\geq 4$ seletions using the post-fit values of the nuisance parameters.
Predicted and observed yields in the signal regions in the $N_{jet}= 3$ and $\geq 4$ seletions using the post-fit values of the nuisance parameters.
The measured inclusive ttgamma cross section in the fiducial phase space compared to the prediction from simulation using Madgraph_aMC@NLO at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV.
The measured inclusive ttgamma cross section in the fiducial phase space compared to the prediction from simulation using Madgraph_aMC@NLO at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV.
Summary of the measured cross section ratios with respect to the NLO cross section prediction for signal regions binned in the electron channel, muon channel and the combined single lepton measurement.
Summary of the measured cross section ratios with respect to the NLO cross section prediction for signal regions binned in the electron channel, muon channel and the combined single lepton measurement.
The unfolded differential cross sections for $p_{T}(\gamma)$ and the comparison to simulations.
The unfolded differential cross sections for $p_{T}(\gamma)$ and the comparison to simulations.
The unfolded differential cross sections for $|\eta(\gamma)|$ and the comparison to simulations.
The unfolded differential cross sections for $|\eta(\gamma)|$ and the comparison to simulations.
The unfolded differential cross sections for $\Delta R(l,\gamma)$ and the comparison to simulations.
The unfolded differential cross sections for $\Delta R(l,\gamma)$ and the comparison to simulations.
The covariance matrix of systematic uncertainties for the unfolded differential measurement for $p_{T}(\gamma)$.
The covariance matrix of systematic uncertainties for the unfolded differential measurement for $p_{T}(\gamma)$.
The covariance matrix of systematic uncertainties for the unfolded differential measurement for $|\eta(\gamma)|$.
The covariance matrix of systematic uncertainties for the unfolded differential measurement for $|\eta(\gamma)|$.
The covariance matrix of systematic uncertainties for the unfolded differential measurement for $\Delta R(l,\gamma)$.
The covariance matrix of systematic uncertainties for the unfolded differential measurement for $\Delta R(l,\gamma)$.
The covariance matrix of statistic uncertainties for the unfolded differential measurement for $p_{T}(\gamma)$.
The covariance matrix of statistic uncertainties for the unfolded differential measurement for $p_{T}(\gamma)$.
The covariance matrix of statistic uncertainties for the unfolded differential measurement for $|\eta(\gamma)|$.
The covariance matrix of statistic uncertainties for the unfolded differential measurement for $|\eta(\gamma)|$.
The covariance matrix of statistic uncertainties for the unfolded differential measurement for $\Delta R(l,\gamma)$.
The covariance matrix of statistic uncertainties for the unfolded differential measurement for $\Delta R(l,\gamma)$.
The correlation matrix of statistical uncertainties for the unfolded differential measurement for $p_{T}(\gamma)$.
The correlation matrix of statistical uncertainties for the unfolded differential measurement for $p_{T}(\gamma)$.
The correlation matrix of statistical uncertainties for the unfolded differential measurement for $|\eta(\gamma)|$.
The correlation matrix of statistical uncertainties for the unfolded differential measurement for $|\eta(\gamma)|$.
The correlation matrix of statistical uncertainties for the unfolded differential measurement for $\Delta R(l,\gamma)$.
The correlation matrix of statistical uncertainties for the unfolded differential measurement for $\Delta R(l,\gamma)$.
The correlation matrix of systematic uncertainties for the unfolded differential measurement for $p_{T}(\gamma)$.
The correlation matrix of systematic uncertainties for the unfolded differential measurement for $p_{T}(\gamma)$.
The correlation matrix of systematic uncertainties for the unfolded differential measurement for $|\eta(\gamma)|$.
The correlation matrix of systematic uncertainties for the unfolded differential measurement for $|\eta(\gamma)|$.
The correlation matrix of systematic uncertainties for the unfolded differential measurement for $\Delta R(l,\gamma)$.
The correlation matrix of systematic uncertainties for the unfolded differential measurement for $\Delta R(l,\gamma)$.
Summary of the one-dimensional intervals at 68 and 95% CL.
Summary of the one-dimensional intervals at 68 and 95% CL.
The observed and predicted post-fit yields for the combined Run 2 data set in the SR3 signal region for the electron channel.
The observed and predicted post-fit yields for the combined Run 2 data set in the SR3 signal region for the electron channel.
The observed and predicted post-fit yields for the combined Run 2 data set in the SR3 signal region for the muon channel.
The observed and predicted post-fit yields for the combined Run 2 data set in the SR3 signal region for the muon channel.
The observed and predicted post-fit yields for the combined Run 2 data set in the SR4p signal region for the electron channel.
The observed and predicted post-fit yields for the combined Run 2 data set in the SR4p signal region for the electron channel.
The observed and predicted post-fit yields for the combined Run 2 data set in the SR4p signal region for the muon channel.
The observed and predicted post-fit yields for the combined Run 2 data set in the SR4p signal region for the muon channel.
Negative log-likelihood ratio values with respect to the best fit value of the one-dimensional profiled scan for the Wilson coefficient $c_{tZ}$.
Negative log-likelihood ratio values with respect to the best fit value of the one-dimensional profiled scan for the Wilson coefficient $c_{tZ}$.
Negative log-likelihood ratio values with respect to the best fit value of the one-dimensional profiled scan for the Wilson coefficient $c^{I}_{tZ}$.
Negative log-likelihood ratio values with respect to the best fit value of the one-dimensional profiled scan for the Wilson coefficient $c^{I}_{tZ}$.
Negative log-likelihood ratio values with respect to the best fit value of the one-dimensional scan for the Wilson coefficient $c_{tZ}$.
Negative log-likelihood ratio values with respect to the best fit value of the one-dimensional scan for the Wilson coefficient $c_{tZ}$.
Negative log-likelihood ratio values with respect to the best fit value of the one-dimensional scan for the Wilson coefficient $c^{I}_{tZ}$.
Negative log-likelihood ratio values with respect to the best fit value of the one-dimensional scan for the Wilson coefficient $c^{I}_{tZ}$.
Negative log-likelihood ratio values with respect to the best fit value of the two-dimensional scan for the Wilson coefficients $c_{tZ}$ and $c^{I}_{tZ}$.
Negative log-likelihood ratio values with respect to the best fit value of the two-dimensional scan for the Wilson coefficients $c_{tZ}$ and $c^{I}_{tZ}$.
A measurement of the cross section of the associated production of a single top quark and a W boson in final states with a muon or electron and jets in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV is presented. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 36 fb$^{-1}$ collected with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC in 2016. A boosted decision tree is used to separate the tW signal from the dominant $\mathrm{t\bar{t}}$ background, whilst the subleading W+jets and multijet backgrounds are constrained using data-based estimates. This result is the first observation of the tW process in final states containing a muon or electron and jets, with a significance exceeding 5 standard deviations. The cross section is determined to be 89 $\pm$ 4 (stat) $\pm$ 12 (syst) pb, consistent with the standard model.
The observed and theoretical cross section. In the observed, the first uncertainty is statistical, the second uncertianty is the systematic. In the expected, the first uncertainty is due to scale variations, the second due to the choice of PDF.
The systematic sources considered in the analysis and their relative contribution to the observed uncertainty. The uncertainties are divided by normalization, experimental, theoretical and statistical uncertainties, with each section ordered by their contribution to the total uncertainty.
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