Observed exclusion contour at 95% CL for the T6gg model.

Expected exclusion contour at 95% CL for the T6gg model.

Exclusion limits on the SUSY cross section at 95% CL for the T6Wg model.

Observed exclusion contour at 95% CL for the T6Wg model.

Expected exclusion contour at 95% CL for the T6Wg model.

Exclusion limits on the SUSY cross section at 95% CL for the T5gg model.

Observed exclusion contour at 95% CL for the T5gg model.

Expected exclusion contour at 95% CL for the T5gg model.

Exclusion limits on the SUSY cross section at 95% CL for the T5Wg model.

Observed exclusion contour at 95% CL for the T5Wg model.

Expected exclusion contour at 95% CL for the T5Wg model.

The observed upper limit on the cross section times branching fraction at 95% CL for direct top squark pair production with decay $\widetilde{t}\widetilde{t} \rightarrow b \chi_1^{+} \bar{b} \chi+1^{-}$, $\chi_1^{\pm}\rightarrow W^{\pm} \widetilde{\chi_1^{0}}$

The observed exclusion limits at 95% CL for direct top squark pair production with decay $\widetilde{t}\widetilde{t} \rightarrow b \chi_1^{+} \bar{t} \widetilde{\chi_1^0}$, $\chi_1^{\pm}\rightarrow W^{\pm} \widetilde{\chi_1^{0}}$ assuming a 50% branching fraction for each $\widetilde{t}$ decay.

The observed upper limit on the cross section at 95% CL for direct top squark pair production with decay $\widetilde{t}\widetilde{t} \rightarrow b \chi_1^{+} \bar{t} \widetilde{\chi_1^0}$, $\chi_1^{\pm}\rightarrow W^{\pm} \widetilde{\chi_1^{0}}$ assuming a 50% branching fraction for each $\widetilde{t}$ decay.

Correlation matrix for the background predictions for the signal regions for the standard selection. The labelling of the regions follows the convention of Fig.~4 in the paper.

Correlation matrix for the background predictions for the signal regions for the compressed selection. The labelling of the regions follows the convention of Fig.~4 in the paper.

Figure 2. -1 sigma excluded gluino and neutralino masses at 95% CL for the T1tttt.

Figure 2. Expected exclusion for the T1tttt model.

Figure 2. +1 sigma expected exclusion for the T1tttt model.

Figure 2. -1 sigma expected exclusion for the T1tttt model.

Figure 2. Excluded gluino and neutralino masses at 95% CL for the T5tttt.

Figure 2. Expected exclusion for the T5tttt model.

Dijet signal efficiencies as a function of the signal mass and lifetime for events satisfying all event and vertex requirements, with corrections based on systematic differences in the vertex reconstruction efficiency between data and simulation.

The distribution of $d_{\mathrm{BV}}$ for $\geq$5-track one-vertex events in data and three simulated multijet signal samples each with a mass of 1600 GeV. The production cross section for each signal model is assumed to be the lower limit excluded by CMS-EXO-17-018, corresponding to values of 0.8, 0.25, and 0.15 fb for the samples with $c\tau =$ 0.3, 1.0, and 10 mm, respectively. The last bin includes the overflow events. This bin includes one event in data with a vertex with large $d_{\mathrm{BV}}$ that appears to arise from tracks originating from separate pp interaction vertices, consistent with background.

Distribution of the $x$-$y$ distances between vertices, $d_{\mathrm{VV}}$, for 2017 and 2018 data. The background distribution $d_{\mathrm{VV}}^{\kern 0.15em\mathrm{C}}$ (blue continuous line) is constructed from one-vertex events in data, and is normalized to the number of two-vertex events in data with two 3-track vertices. The two vertical red dashed lines separate the regions used in the fit.

Distribution of the $x$-$y$ distances between vertices, $d_{\mathrm{VV}}$, for 2017 and 2018 data. The background distribution $d_{\mathrm{VV}}^{\kern 0.15em\mathrm{C}}$ (blue continuous line) is constructed from one-vertex events in data, and is normalized to the number of two-vertex events in data which have exactly one 4-track vertex and one 3-track vertex. The two vertical red dashed lines separate the regions used in the fit.

Distribution of the $x$-$y$ distances between vertices, $d_{\mathrm{VV}}$, for 2017 and 2018 data. The background distribution $d_{\mathrm{VV}}^{\kern 0.15em\mathrm{C}}$ (blue continuous line) is constructed from one-vertex events in data, and is normalized to the number of two-vertex events in data with two 4-track vertices. The two vertical red dashed lines separate the regions used in the fit.

Distribution of the $x$-$y$ distances between vertices, $d_{\mathrm{VV}}$, for 2017 and 2018 data. The background distribution $d_{\mathrm{VV}}^{\kern 0.15em\mathrm{C}}$ (blue continuous line) is constructed from one-vertex events in data, and is normalized using $\geq$5-track one-vertex event information. The two vertical red dashed lines separate the regions used in the fit.

Predicted yields for the background-only normalized template, predicted yields for three simulated multijet signals each with a mass of 1600 GeV, and the observed yield in each $d_{\mathrm{VV}}$ bin. The production cross section for each signal model is assumed to be the lower limit excluded by CMS-EXO-17-018, corresponding to values of 0.8, 0.25, and 0.15 fb for samples with $c\tau =$ 0.3, 1.0, and 10 mm, respectively. The uncertainties in the signal yields and the systematic uncertainties in the background prediction reflect the systematic uncertainties given in the text.

Observed 95% CL upper limits on the product of cross section and branching fraction squared for the multijet signals, as a function of mass and $c\tau$. The overlaid mass-lifetime exclusion curves assume pair-production cross sections for the neutralino (red) and gluino (purple) with 100% branching fraction to each model's respective decay mode specified. The solid black (dashed colored) lines represent the observed (median expected) limits at 95% CL. The thin black lines represent the variation of the observed limit within theoretical uncertainties of the signal cross section. The thin dashed colored lines represent the region containing 68% of the expected limit distribution under the background-only hypothesis. The observed limits from the CMS displaced jets search (CMS-EXO-19-021) are also shown in teal for comparison.

Observed 95% CL upper limits on the product of cross section and branching fraction squared for the multijet signals, as a function of mass and $c\tau$. The overlaid mass-lifetime exclusion curves assume pair-production cross sections for the neutralino (red) and gluino (purple) with 100% branching fraction to each model's respective decay mode specified. The solid black (dashed colored) lines represent the observed (median expected) limits at 95% CL. The thin black lines represent the variation of the observed limit within theoretical uncertainties of the signal cross section. The thin dashed colored lines represent the region containing 68% of the expected limit distribution under the background-only hypothesis. The observed limits from the CMS displaced jets search (CMS-EXO-19-021) are also shown in teal for comparison.

Observed 95% CL upper limits on the product of cross section and branching fraction squared for the multijet signals, as a function of mass and $c\tau$. The overlaid mass-lifetime exclusion curves assume pair-production cross sections for the neutralino (red) and gluino (purple) with 100% branching fraction to each model's respective decay mode specified. The solid black (dashed colored) lines represent the observed (median expected) limits at 95% CL. The thin black lines represent the variation of the observed limit within theoretical uncertainties of the signal cross section. The thin dashed colored lines represent the region containing 68% of the expected limit distribution under the background-only hypothesis. The observed limits from the CMS displaced jets search (CMS-EXO-19-021) are also shown in teal for comparison.

Observed 95% CL upper limits on the product of cross section and branching fraction squared for the dijet signals, as a function of mass and $c\tau$. The overlaid mass-lifetime exclusion curves assume pair-production cross sections for the top squark with 100% branching fraction to each model's respective decay mode specified. The solid black (dashed colored) lines represent the observed (median expected) limits at 95% CL. The thin black lines represent the variation of the observed limit within theoretical uncertainties of the signal cross section. The thin dashed colored lines represent the region containing 68% of the expected limit distribution under the background-only hypothesis. The observed limits from the CMS displaced jets search (CMS-EXO-19-021) are also shown in teal for comparison.

Observed 95% CL upper limits on the product of cross section and branching fraction squared for the dijet signals, as a function of mass and $c\tau$. The overlaid mass-lifetime exclusion curves assume pair-production cross sections for the top squark with 100% branching fraction to each model's respective decay mode specified. The solid black (dashed colored) lines represent the observed (median expected) limits at 95% CL. The thin black lines represent the variation of the observed limit within theoretical uncertainties of the signal cross section. The thin dashed colored lines represent the region containing 68% of the expected limit distribution under the background-only hypothesis. The observed limits from the CMS displaced jets search (CMS-EXO-19-021) are also shown in teal for comparison.

Observed and expected 95% CL upper limits on the product of cross section and branching fraction squared, as a function of mass for multijet signals, for a fixed $c\tau$ of 300um in the full Run-2 data set. The neutralino and gluino pair production cross sections are shown for the multijet signals.

Observed and expected 95% CL upper limits on the product of cross section and branching fraction squared, as a function of mass for dijet signals, for a fixed $c\tau$ of 300um in the full Run-2 data set. The top squark pair-production cross section is shown for the dijet signals.

Observed and expected 95% CL upper limits on the product of cross section and branching fraction squared, as a function of mass for multijet signals, for a fixed $c\tau$ of 1 mm in the full Run-2 data set. The neutralino and gluino pair production cross sections are shown for the multijet signals.

Observed and expected 95% CL upper limits on the product of cross section and branching fraction squared, as a function of mass for dijet signals, for a fixed $c\tau$ of 1 mm in the full Run-2 data set. The top squark pair-production cross section is shown for the dijet signals.

Observed and expected 95% CL upper limits on the product of cross section and branching fraction squared, as a function of mass for multijet signals, for a fixed $c\tau$ of 10 mm in the full Run-2 data set. The neutralino and gluino pair production cross sections are shown for the multijet signals.

Observed and expected 95% CL upper limits on the product of cross section and branching fraction squared, as a function of mass for dijet signals, for a fixed $c\tau$ of 10 mm in the full Run-2 data set. The top squark pair-production cross section is shown for the dijet signals.

Observed and expected 95% CL upper limits on the product of cross section and branching fraction squared, as a function of $c\tau$ for multijet signals, for a fixed mass of 800 GeV in the full Run-2 data set. The neutralino and gluino pair production cross sections are shown for the multijet signals.

Observed and expected 95% CL upper limits on the product of cross section and branching fraction squared, as a function of $c\tau$ for dijet signals, for a fixed mass of 800 GeV in the full Run-2 data set. The top squark pair-production cross section is shown for the dijet signals.

Observed and expected 95% CL upper limits on the product of cross section and branching fraction squared, as a function of $c\tau$ for multijet signals, for a fixed mass of 1600 GeV in the full Run-2 data set. The neutralino and gluino pair production cross sections are shown for the multijet signals.

Observed and expected 95% CL upper limits on the product of cross section and branching fraction squared, as a function of $c\tau$ for dijet signals, for a fixed mass of 1600 GeV in the full Run-2 data set. The top squark pair-production cross section is shown for the dijet signals.

Observed and expected 95% CL upper limits on the product of cross section and branching fraction squared, as a function of $c\tau$ for multijet signals, for a fixed mass of 2400 GeV in the full Run-2 data set. The neutralino and gluino pair production cross sections are shown for the multijet signals. For $m$ = 2400 GeV, the expected neutralino cross section is $\approx 8\times 10^{-5}$ fb and is not shown.

Observed and expected 95% CL upper limits on the product of cross section and branching fraction squared, as a function of $c\tau$ for dijet signals, for a fixed mass of 2400 GeV in the full Run-2 data set. The top squark pair-production cross section is shown for the dijet signals.

Data-to-simulation efficiency correction factors, shown for multijet and dijet signal topologies in several ranges of $c\tau$. Note that these correction factors account for the two long-lived particles in the simulated events, and are therefore the total correction factors used to scale event yields rather than the correction factors one would apply to individual vertices.

Distribution of the azimuthal angle between vertices, $\Delta\phi_{\mathrm{VV}}$, for 2017 and 2018 data. The background distribution (blue continuous line) is constructed from 3-track one-vertex events in data, and is normalized to the number of 3-track two-vertex events in data.

Distribution of the azimuthal angle between vertices, $\Delta\phi_{\mathrm{VV}}$, for 2017 and 2018 data. The background distribution (blue continuous line) is constructed from 4-track and 3-track one-vertex events in data, and is normalized to the number of two-vertex events in data which have exactly one 4-track vertex and one 3-track vertex.

Distribution of the azimuthal angle between vertices, $\Delta\phi_{\mathrm{VV}}$, for 2017 and 2018 data. The background distribution (blue continuous line) is constructed from 4-track one-vertex events in data, and is normalized to the number of 4-track two-vertex events in data.

Distribution of the azimuthal angle between vertices, $\Delta\phi_{\mathrm{VV}}$, for 2017 and 2018 data. The background distribution (blue continuous line) is constructed from $\geq$5-track one-vertex events in data, and is normalized using one-vertex event information. No $\geq$5-track two-vertex data events pass the selection.

The observed DNN output distribution for data collected in 2016 in the VBF-SB region compared to the post-fit background estimate from SM processes. The predicted backgrounds are obtained from a S+B fit performed across analysis regions and years. The total post-fit and pre-fit uncertainties on the background prediction are also reported.

The observed DNN output distribution for data collected in 2017 in the VBF-SB region compared to the post-fit background estimate from SM processes. The predicted backgrounds are obtained from a S+B fit performed across analysis regions and years. The total post-fit and pre-fit uncertainties on the background prediction are also reported.

The observed DNN output distribution for data collected in 2018 in the VBF-SB region compared to the post-fit background estimate from SM processes. The predicted backgrounds are obtained from a S+B fit performed across analysis regions and years. The total post-fit and pre-fit uncertainties on the background prediction are also reported.

The observed DNN output distribution in the VBF-SB regions for the combination of 2016, 2017, and 2018 data, compared to the post-fit prediction from SM processes. The total post-fit and pre-fit uncertainties on the background prediction are also reported.

The observed DNN output distribution in the VBF-SR region for the combination of 2016, 2017, and 2018 data, compared to the post-fit prediction from SM processes. The post-fit distributions for the Higgs boson signal produced via ggH and VBF modes with mass of 125.38 GeV, along with the total post-fit and pre-fit uncertainties on the background prediction, are also reported.

The observed BDT output distribution compared to the prediction from the simulation of various SM background processes. Dimuon events passing the event selection requirements of the ggH category, with dimuon mass between 110–150 GeV, are considered. The expected distributions for ggH, VBF, and other signal processes are also reported. The background uncertainty is obtained by summing in quadrature the uncertainty due to the limited size of the simulated samples with those arising from experimental and theoretical sources of systematic uncertainty.

Comparison between the data and the total background extracted from a S+B fit performed in the ggH-cat1 subcategory. The one and two standard deviation bands include the uncertainties in the background component of the fit. The best fit signal contribution with mass of 125.38 GeV is also reported.

Comparison between the data and the total background extracted from a S+B fit performed in the ggH-cat2 subcategory. The one and two standard deviation bands include the uncertainties in the background component of the fit. The best fit signal contribution with mass of 125.38 GeV is also reported.

Comparison between the data and the total background extracted from a S+B fit performed in the ggH-cat3 subcategory. The one and two standard deviation bands include the uncertainties in the background component of the fit. The best fit signal contribution with mass of 125.38 GeV is also reported.

Comparison between the data and the total background extracted from a S+B fit performed in the ggH-cat4 subcategory. The one and two standard deviation bands include the uncertainties in the background component of the fit. The best fit signal contribution with mass of 125.38 GeV is also reported.

Comparison between the data and the total background extracted from a S+B fit performed in the ggH-cat5 subcategory. The one and two standard deviation bands include the uncertainties in the background component of the fit. The best fit signal contribution with mass of 125.38 GeV is also reported.

The observed BDT output distribution compared to the prediction from the simulation of various SM background processes. Dimuon events passing the event selection requirements of the ttH hadronic category, with dimuon mass between 110–150 GeV, are considered. The expected distributions from different production modes of the Higgs boson are also reported. The background uncertainty is obtained by summing in quadrature the uncertainty due to the limited size of the simulated samples with those arising from experimental and theoretical sources of systematic uncertainty.

The observed BDT output distribution compared to the prediction from the simulation of various SM background processes. Dimuon events passing the event selection requirements of the ttH leptonic category, with dimuon mass between 110–150 GeV, are considered. The expected distributions from different production modes of the Higgs boson are also reported. The background uncertainty is obtained by summing in quadrature the uncertainty due to the limited size of the simulated samples with those arising from experimental and theoretical sources of systematic uncertainty.

Comparison between the data and the total background extracted from a S+B fit performed in the ttHhad-cat1 subcategory. The one and two standard deviation bands include the uncertainties in the background component of the fit. The best fit signal contribution with mass of 125.38 GeV is also reported.

Comparison between the data and the total background extracted from a S+B fit performed in the ttHhad-cat2 subcategory. The one and two standard deviation bands include the uncertainties in the background component of the fit. The best fit signal contribution with mass of 125.38 GeV is also reported.

Comparison between the data and the total background extracted from a S+B fit performed in the ttHhad-cat3 subcategory. The one and two standard deviation bands include the uncertainties in the background component of the fit. The best fit signal contribution with mass of 125.38 GeV is also reported.

Comparison between the data and the total background extracted from a S+B fit performed in the ttHlep-cat1 subcategory. The one and two standard deviation bands include the uncertainties in the background component of the fit. The best fit signal contribution with mass of 125.38 GeV is also reported.

Comparison between the data and the total background extracted from a S+B fit performed in the ttHlep-cat2 subcategory. The one and two standard deviation bands include the uncertainties in the background component of the fit. The best fit signal contribution with mass of 125.38 GeV is also reported.

The observed BDT output distribution compared to the prediction from the simulation of various SM background processes. Dimuon events passing the event selection requirements of the WH leptonic category, with dimuon mass between 110–150 GeV, are considered. The expected distributions from different production modes of the Higgs boson are also reported. The background uncertainty is obtained by summing in quadrature the uncertainty due to the limited size of the simulated samples with those arising from experimental and theoretical sources of systematic uncertainty.

The observed BDT output distribution compared to the prediction from the simulation of various SM background processes. Dimuon events passing the event selection requirements of the ZH leptonic category, with dimuon mass between 110–150 GeV, are considered. The expected distributions from different production modes of the Higgs boson are also reported. The background uncertainty is obtained by summing in quadrature the uncertainty due to the limited size of the simulated samples with those arising from experimental and theoretical sources of systematic uncertainty.

Comparison between the data and the total background extracted from a S+B fit performed in the WH-cat1 subcategory. The one and two standard deviation bands include the uncertainties in the background component of the fit. The best fit signal contribution with mass of 125.38 GeV is also reported.

Comparison between the data and the total background extracted from a S+B fit performed in the WH-cat2 subcategory. The one and two standard deviation bands include the uncertainties in the background component of the fit. The best fit signal contribution with mass of 125.38 GeV is also reported.

Comparison between the data and the total background extracted from a S+B fit performed in the WH-cat3 subcategory. The one and two standard deviation bands include the uncertainties in the background component of the fit. The best fit signal contribution with mass of 125.38 GeV is also reported.

Comparison between the data and the total background extracted from a S+B fit performed in the ZH-cat1 subcategory. The one and two standard deviation bands include the uncertainties in the background component of the fit. The best fit signal contribution with mass of 125.38 GeV is also reported.

Comparison between the data and the total background extracted from a S+B fit performed in the ZH-cat2 subcategory. The one and two standard deviation bands include the uncertainties in the background component of the fit. The best fit signal contribution with mass of 125.38 GeV is also reported.

Observed local p-values as a function of the Higgs boson mass hypothesis extracted from the combined fit across event categories as well as from each individual production category.

Expected local p-values as a function of the Higgs boson mass hypothesis extracted from the combined fit across event categories as well as from each individual production category. They are calculated using the background-only expectation obtained from the S+B fit and injecting a signal with mass of 125.38 GeV and strenght of one.

Signal strength modifiers measured for a Higgs boson with mass of 125.38 GeV in each production category as well as from the combined fit.

Scan of the profiled likelihood ratio as a function of $\mu_{ggH,t\overline{t}H}$ and $\mu_{VBF,VH}$.

The 68% CL contour for the profiled likelihood scan as a function of $\mu_{ggH,t\overline{t}H}$ and $\mu_{VBF,VH}$.

The 95% CL contour for the profiled likelihood scan as a function of $\mu_{ggH,t\overline{t}H}$ and $\mu_{VBF,VH}$.

The mass distribution for the weighted combination of VBF-SB and VBF-SR events. Each event is weighted proportionally to the S/(S+B) ratio, calculated as a function of the mass-decorrelated DNN output. The total post-fit and pre-fit uncertainties on the background prediction, along with the best fit signal contribution, are also reported.

Comparison between the data and the total background extracted for the S/(S+B) weighted combination of all event categories. The one and two standard deviation bands include the uncertainties in the background component of the fit. The best fit signal contribution with mass of 125.38 GeV is also reported.

Observed and expected local p-values as a function of the Higgs boson mass hypothesis extracted from the combined fit performed on data recorded at centre-of-mass energies of 7, 8, and 13 TeV. The expected p-values are calculated using the background-only expectation obtained from the S+B fit and injecting a signal with mass of 125.38 GeV and strenght of one.

The observed profile likelihood ratio as a function of $\kappa_{\mu}$ for a Higgs boson mass of 125.38 GeV, obtained from a combined fit with Ref.[10] in the resolved $\kappa$-framework. The best fit value for $\kappa_{\mu}$ is 1.07 and the corresponding observed 68% CL interval is $0.85 < \kappa_{\mu} < 1.29$.

The best fit estimates for the reduced coupling modifiers extracted for fermions and weak bosons from the resolved $\kappa$-framework compared to their corresponding prediction from the SM. The error bars represent 68% CL intervals for the measured parameters.

Differential cross sections normalized to the fiducial cross section for the combined 4e, 2e2µ, and 4µ decay channels as a function of the invariant mass of the ZZ system

Differential cross sections normalized to the fiducial cross section for the combined 4e, 2e2µ, and 4µ decay channels as a function of azimuthal separation of the two Z bosons

Differential cross sections normalized to the fiducial cross section for the combined 4e, 2e2µ, and 4µ decay channels as a function of ∆R separation of the two Z bosons

The product of signal acceptance and efficiency in the 2l categories for the signal produced via vector boson fusion.

$m_{X}^{T}$ distribution in data in the 0l 2b non-VBF category. The data is shown as Events/10 GeV. The distribution is shown up 4000 GeV, which corresponds to the event with the highest $m_{X}^{T}$ observed in the SR.

$m_{X}^{T}$ distribution in data in the 0l $\leq$1b non-VBF category. The data is shown as Events/10 GeV. The distribution is shown up 4000 GeV, which corresponds to the event with the highest $m_{X}^{T}$ observed in the SR.

$m_{X}$ distribution in data in the 2e 2b non-VBF category. The data is shown as Events/10 GeV. The distribution is shown up 4000 GeV, which corresponds to the event with the highest $m_{X}$ observed in the SR.

$m_{X}$ distribution in data in the 2e $\leq$1b non-VBF category. The data is shown as Events/10 GeV. The distribution is shown up 4000 GeV, which corresponds to the event with the highest $m_{X}$ observed in the SR.

$m_{X}$ distribution in data in the 2$\mu$ 2b non-VBF category. The data is shown as Events/10 GeV. The distribution is shown up 4000 GeV, which corresponds to the event with the highest $m_{X}$ observed in the SR.

$m_{X}$ distribution in data in the 2$\mu$ $\leq$1b non-VBF category. The data is shown as Events/10 GeV. The distribution is shown up 4000 GeV, which corresponds to the event with the highest $m_{X}$ observed in the SR.

$m_{X}^{T}$ distribution in data in the 0l 2b VBF category. The data is shown as Events/10 GeV. The distribution is shown up 4000 GeV, which corresponds to the event with the highest $m_{X}^{T}$ observed in the SR.

$m_{X}^{T}$ distribution in data in the 0l $\leq$1b VBF category. The data is shown as Events/10 GeV. The distribution is shown up 4000 GeV, which corresponds to the event with the highest $m_{X}^{T}$ observed in the SR.

$m_{X}$ distribution in data in the 2e 2b VBF category. The data is shown as Events/10 GeV. The distribution is shown up 4000 GeV, which corresponds to the event with the highest $m_{X}$ observed in the SR.

$m_{X}$ distribution in data in the 2e $\leq$1b VBF category. The data is shown as Events/10 GeV. The distribution is shown up 4000 GeV, which corresponds to the event with the highest $m_{X}$ observed in the SR.

$m_{X}$ distribution in data in the 2$\mu$ 2b VBF category. The data is shown as Events/10 GeV. The distribution is shown up 4000 GeV, which corresponds to the event with the highest $m_{X}$ observed in the SR.

$m_{X}$ distribution in data in the 2$\mu$ $\leq$1b VBF category. The data is shown as Events/10 GeV. The distribution is shown up 4000 GeV, which corresponds to the event with the highest $m_{X}$ observed in the SR.

Observed and expected 95% CL upper limit on $\sigma \mathcal{B}$(Z'-> ZH) with all categories combined for the non-VBF signal, including all statistical and systematic uncertainties. The inner green band and the outer yellow band indicate the regions containing 68 and 95%, respectively, of the distribution of expected limits under the background-only hypothesis. The CMS search for a heavy resonance using 2016 data and the same final state [JHEP 11 (2018) 172] is shown as a comparison.

Observed and expected 95% CL upper limit on $\sigma \mathcal{B}$(Z'-> ZH) with all categories combined for the VBF signal, including all statistical and systematic uncertainties. The inner green band and the outer yellow band indicate the regions containing 68 and 95%, respectively, of the distribution of expected limits under the background-only hypothesis.

Observed exclusion limit in the space of the HVT model parameters [$g_{V}c_{H}$, $g^{2}c_{F}/g_{V}$] for mass hypotheses of 2 TeV for the non-VBF signal.

Observed exclusion limit in the space of the HVT model parameters [$g_{V}c_{H}$, $g^{2}c_{F}/g_{V}$] for mass hypotheses of 3 TeV for the non-VBF signal.

Observed exclusion limit in the space of the HVT model parameters [$g_{V}c_{H}$, $g^{2}c_{F}/g_{V}$] for mass hypotheses of 4 TeV for the non-VBF signal.

The number of background events obtained from the 1- and 2-leg predictions derived from data, together with the direct observation in data, in bins in ChF, where either the leading or subleading jet has a ChF within the bin edges, and both have a ChF below the upper bin threshold. The bottom panel shows the ratios of the observation in data to the 1-leg and the 2-leg background predictions.

The expected and observed 95% CL upper limits on the production cross section for SIMPs with masses between 1 and 1000 GeV, with the assumption that the SIMP interaction in the detector can be approximated as neutron-like. The theoretical prediction of a simplified model incorporating this approximation and including a scalar mediator with couplings g_chi = -1 and g_q = 1 is also shown (red line). For masses above 100 GeV, where the modelling of the SIMP-nucleon interaction becomes more speculative, the obtained cross section upper limits are increasingly uncertain (shaded area).

Reconstructed VLQ mass distributions for simulated signal events with a generated VLQ mass $m_{B} = 1200\GeV$. A moderate requirement of $\chi^{2}$/ndf < 2$ is applied to the events. Mass distributions for 4-jet (left), 5-jet (center), and 6-jet (right) events are shown for the three decay modes: bHbH (upper row), bHbZ (middle row), and bZbZ (lower row).

Reconstructed VLQ mass distributions for simulated signal events with a generated VLQ mass $m_{B} = 1200\GeV$. A moderate requirement of $\chi^{2}$/ndf < 2$ is applied to the events. Mass distributions for 4-jet (left), 5-jet (center), and 6-jet (right) events are shown for the three decay modes: bHbH (upper row), bHbZ (middle row), and bZbZ (lower row).

Reconstructed VLQ mass distributions for simulated signal events with a generated VLQ mass $m_{B} = 1200\GeV$. A moderate requirement of $\chi^{2}$/ndf < 2$ is applied to the events. Mass distributions for 4-jet (left), 5-jet (center), and 6-jet (right) events are shown for the three decay modes: bHbH (upper row), bHbZ (middle row), and bZbZ (lower row).

Reconstructed VLQ mass distributions for simulated signal events with a generated VLQ mass $m_{B} = 1200\GeV$. A moderate requirement of $\chi^{2}$/ndf < 2$ is applied to the events. Mass distributions for 4-jet (left), 5-jet (center), and 6-jet (right) events are shown for the three decay modes: bHbH (upper row), bHbZ (middle row), and bZbZ (lower row).

Reconstructed VLQ mass distributions for simulated signal events with a generated VLQ mass $m_{B} = 1200\GeV$. A moderate requirement of $\chi^{2}$/ndf < 2$ is applied to the events. Mass distributions for 4-jet (left), 5-jet (center), and 6-jet (right) events are shown for the three decay modes: bHbH (upper row), bHbZ (middle row), and bZbZ (lower row).

Reconstructed VLQ mass distributions for simulated signal events with a generated VLQ mass $m_{B} = 1200\GeV$. A moderate requirement of $\chi^{2}$/ndf < 2$ is applied to the events. Mass distributions for 4-jet (left), 5-jet (center), and 6-jet (right) events are shown for the three decay modes: bHbH (upper row), bHbZ (middle row), and bZbZ (lower row).

Distribution of $\chi^{2}$/ndf for the best jet combination for simulated 1200\GeV VLQ events (red histogram) and data (black points), for 4-jet events (left), 5-jet events (center), and 6-jet events (right). The simulated signal events and data events are normalized to the same value within the displayed $\chi^{2}$/ndf range.

Distribution of $\chi^{2}$/ndf for the best jet combination for simulated 1200\GeV VLQ events (red histogram) and data (black points), for 4-jet events (left), 5-jet events (center), and 6-jet events (right). The simulated signal events and data events are normalized to the same value within the displayed $\chi^{2}$/ndf range.

Distribution of $\chi^{2}$/ndf for the best jet combination for simulated 1200\GeV VLQ events (red histogram) and data (black points), for 4-jet events (left), 5-jet events (center), and 6-jet events (right). The simulated signal events and data events are normalized to the same value within the displayed $\chi^{2}$/ndf range.

Distributions of the average reconstructed mass of VLQ candidates for the jet combination with the least $\chi^{2}$ in 4-jet (left), 5-jet (center), and 6-jet (right) multiplicity events. The red lines show the exponential fit in the range 1000-2000 GeV. The lower panels show the fractional difference, (data-fit)/fit

Distributions of the average reconstructed mass of VLQ candidates for the jet combination with the least $\chi^{2}$ in 4-jet (left), 5-jet (center), and 6-jet (right) multiplicity events. The red lines show the exponential fit in the range 1000-2000 GeV. The lower panels show the fractional difference, (data-fit)/fit

Distributions of the average reconstructed mass of VLQ candidates for the jet combination with the least $\chi^{2}$ in 4-jet (left), 5-jet (center), and 6-jet (right) multiplicity events. The red lines show the exponential fit in the range 1000-2000 GeV. The lower panels show the fractional difference, (data-fit)/fit

Dependence of the BJTF on the average reconstructed VLQ mass in the control region, 12 < $\chi^{2}$/ndf < 48 for 4-jet (left column), 5-jet (center column), and 6-jet (right column) multiplicities and for the bHbH (upper row), bHbZ (middle row), and bZbZ (lower row) event modes. The data is shown in black points, and the linear fit and its uncertainty are shown as the red line and the pale red band.

Dependence of the BJTF on the average reconstructed VLQ mass in the control region, 12 < $\chi^{2}$/ndf < 48 for 4-jet (left column), 5-jet (center column), and 6-jet (right column) multiplicities and for the bHbH (upper row), bHbZ (middle row), and bZbZ (lower row) event modes. The data is shown in black points, and the linear fit and its uncertainty are shown as the red line and the pale red band.

Dependence of the BJTF on the average reconstructed VLQ mass in the control region, 12 < $\chi^{2}$/ndf < 48 for 4-jet (left column), 5-jet (center column), and 6-jet (right column) multiplicities and for the bHbH (upper row), bHbZ (middle row), and bZbZ (lower row) event modes. The data is shown in black points, and the linear fit and its uncertainty are shown as the red line and the pale red band.

Dependence of the BJTF on the average reconstructed VLQ mass in the control region, 12 < $\chi^{2}$/ndf < 48 for 4-jet (left column), 5-jet (center column), and 6-jet (right column) multiplicities and for the bHbH (upper row), bHbZ (middle row), and bZbZ (lower row) event modes. The data is shown in black points, and the linear fit and its uncertainty are shown as the red line and the pale red band.

Dependence of the BJTF on the average reconstructed VLQ mass in the control region, 12 < $\chi^{2}$/ndf < 48 for 4-jet (left column), 5-jet (center column), and 6-jet (right column) multiplicities and for the bHbH (upper row), bHbZ (middle row), and bZbZ (lower row) event modes. The data is shown in black points, and the linear fit and its uncertainty are shown as the red line and the pale red band.

Dependence of the BJTF on the average reconstructed VLQ mass in the control region, 12 < $\chi^{2}$/ndf < 48 for 4-jet (left column), 5-jet (center column), and 6-jet (right column) multiplicities and for the bHbH (upper row), bHbZ (middle row), and bZbZ (lower row) event modes. The data is shown in black points, and the linear fit and its uncertainty are shown as the red line and the pale red band.

Dependence of the BJTF on the average reconstructed VLQ mass in the control region, 12 < $\chi^{2}$/ndf < 48 for 4-jet (left column), 5-jet (center column), and 6-jet (right column) multiplicities and for the bHbH (upper row), bHbZ (middle row), and bZbZ (lower row) event modes. The data is shown in black points, and the linear fit and its uncertainty are shown as the red line and the pale red band.

Dependence of the BJTF on the average reconstructed VLQ mass in the control region, 12 < $\chi^{2}$/ndf < 48 for 4-jet (left column), 5-jet (center column), and 6-jet (right column) multiplicities and for the bHbH (upper row), bHbZ (middle row), and bZbZ (lower row) event modes. The data is shown in black points, and the linear fit and its uncertainty are shown as the red line and the pale red band.

Dependence of the BJTF on the average reconstructed VLQ mass in the control region, 12 < $\chi^{2}$/ndf < 48 for 4-jet (left column), 5-jet (center column), and 6-jet (right column) multiplicities and for the bHbH (upper row), bHbZ (middle row), and bZbZ (lower row) event modes. The data is shown in black points, and the linear fit and its uncertainty are shown as the red line and the pale red band.

Dependence of the BJTF on $\chi^{2}$/ndf in the low-mass VLQ region, for 4-jet (left column), 5-jet, (center column) and 6-jet (right column) multiplicities and for the bHbH (upper row), bHbZ (middle row), and bZbZ (lower row) event modes. The data is shown in black points, and the linear fit and its uncertainty are shown as the red line and the pale red band.

Dependence of the BJTF on $\chi^{2}$/ndf in the low-mass VLQ region, for 4-jet (left column), 5-jet, (center column) and 6-jet (right column) multiplicities and for the bHbH (upper row), bHbZ (middle row), and bZbZ (lower row) event modes. The data is shown in black points, and the linear fit and its uncertainty are shown as the red line and the pale red band.

Dependence of the BJTF on $\chi^{2}$/ndf in the low-mass VLQ region, for 4-jet (left column), 5-jet, (center column) and 6-jet (right column) multiplicities and for the bHbH (upper row), bHbZ (middle row), and bZbZ (lower row) event modes. The data is shown in black points, and the linear fit and its uncertainty are shown as the red line and the pale red band.

Dependence of the BJTF on $\chi^{2}$/ndf in the low-mass VLQ region, for 4-jet (left column), 5-jet, (center column) and 6-jet (right column) multiplicities and for the bHbH (upper row), bHbZ (middle row), and bZbZ (lower row) event modes. The data is shown in black points, and the linear fit and its uncertainty are shown as the red line and the pale red band.

Dependence of the BJTF on $\chi^{2}$/ndf in the low-mass VLQ region, for 4-jet (left column), 5-jet, (center column) and 6-jet (right column) multiplicities and for the bHbH (upper row), bHbZ (middle row), and bZbZ (lower row) event modes. The data is shown in black points, and the linear fit and its uncertainty are shown as the red line and the pale red band.

Dependence of the BJTF on $\chi^{2}$/ndf in the low-mass VLQ region, for 4-jet (left column), 5-jet, (center column) and 6-jet (right column) multiplicities and for the bHbH (upper row), bHbZ (middle row), and bZbZ (lower row) event modes. The data is shown in black points, and the linear fit and its uncertainty are shown as the red line and the pale red band.

Dependence of the BJTF on $\chi^{2}$/ndf in the low-mass VLQ region, for 4-jet (left column), 5-jet, (center column) and 6-jet (right column) multiplicities and for the bHbH (upper row), bHbZ (middle row), and bZbZ (lower row) event modes. The data is shown in black points, and the linear fit and its uncertainty are shown as the red line and the pale red band.

Dependence of the BJTF on $\chi^{2}$/ndf in the low-mass VLQ region, for 4-jet (left column), 5-jet, (center column) and 6-jet (right column) multiplicities and for the bHbH (upper row), bHbZ (middle row), and bZbZ (lower row) event modes. The data is shown in black points, and the linear fit and its uncertainty are shown as the red line and the pale red band.

Dependence of the BJTF on $\chi^{2}$/ndf in the low-mass VLQ region, for 4-jet (left column), 5-jet, (center column) and 6-jet (right column) multiplicities and for the bHbH (upper row), bHbZ (middle row), and bZbZ (lower row) event modes. The data is shown in black points, and the linear fit and its uncertainty are shown as the red line and the pale red band.

The reduction factor in data events, for 4-jet (left column), 5-jet (center column), and 6-jet (right column) multiplicities, and for the bHbH (upper row), bHbZ (middle row), and bZbZ (lower row) event modes.

The reduction factor in data events, for 4-jet (left column), 5-jet (center column), and 6-jet (right column) multiplicities, and for the bHbH (upper row), bHbZ (middle row), and bZbZ (lower row) event modes.

The reduction factor in data events, for 4-jet (left column), 5-jet (center column), and 6-jet (right column) multiplicities, and for the bHbH (upper row), bHbZ (middle row), and bZbZ (lower row) event modes.

The reduction factor in data events, for 4-jet (left column), 5-jet (center column), and 6-jet (right column) multiplicities, and for the bHbH (upper row), bHbZ (middle row), and bZbZ (lower row) event modes.

The reduction factor in data events, for 4-jet (left column), 5-jet (center column), and 6-jet (right column) multiplicities, and for the bHbH (upper row), bHbZ (middle row), and bZbZ (lower row) event modes.

The reduction factor in data events, for 4-jet (left column), 5-jet (center column), and 6-jet (right column) multiplicities, and for the bHbH (upper row), bHbZ (middle row), and bZbZ (lower row) event modes.

The reduction factor in data events, for 4-jet (left column), 5-jet (center column), and 6-jet (right column) multiplicities, and for the bHbH (upper row), bHbZ (middle row), and bZbZ (lower row) event modes.

The reduction factor in data events, for 4-jet (left column), 5-jet (center column), and 6-jet (right column) multiplicities, and for the bHbH (upper row), bHbZ (middle row), and bZbZ (lower row) event modes.

The reduction factor in data events, for 4-jet (left column), 5-jet (center column), and 6-jet (right column) multiplicities, and for the bHbH (upper row), bHbZ (middle row), and bZbZ (lower row) event modes.

The reduction factor in $m_B$ = 1200 GeV VLQ signal events, for 4-jet (left column), 5-jet (center column), and 6-jet (right column) multiplicities, and for the bHbH (upper row), bHbZ (middle row), and bZbZ (lower row) event modes.

The reduction factor in $m_B$ = 1200 GeV VLQ signal events, for 4-jet (left column), 5-jet (center column), and 6-jet (right column) multiplicities, and for the bHbH (upper row), bHbZ (middle row), and bZbZ (lower row) event modes.

The reduction factor in $m_B$ = 1200 GeV VLQ signal events, for 4-jet (left column), 5-jet (center column), and 6-jet (right column) multiplicities, and for the bHbH (upper row), bHbZ (middle row), and bZbZ (lower row) event modes.

The reduction factor in $m_B$ = 1200 GeV VLQ signal events, for 4-jet (left column), 5-jet (center column), and 6-jet (right column) multiplicities, and for the bHbH (upper row), bHbZ (middle row), and bZbZ (lower row) event modes.

The reduction factor in $m_B$ = 1200 GeV VLQ signal events, for 4-jet (left column), 5-jet (center column), and 6-jet (right column) multiplicities, and for the bHbH (upper row), bHbZ (middle row), and bZbZ (lower row) event modes.

The reduction factor in $m_B$ = 1200 GeV VLQ signal events, for 4-jet (left column), 5-jet (center column), and 6-jet (right column) multiplicities, and for the bHbH (upper row), bHbZ (middle row), and bZbZ (lower row) event modes.

The reduction factor in $m_B$ = 1200 GeV VLQ signal events, for 4-jet (left column), 5-jet (center column), and 6-jet (right column) multiplicities, and for the bHbH (upper row), bHbZ (middle row), and bZbZ (lower row) event modes.

The reduction factor in $m_B$ = 1200 GeV VLQ signal events, for 4-jet (left column), 5-jet (center column), and 6-jet (right column) multiplicities, and for the bHbH (upper row), bHbZ (middle row), and bZbZ (lower row) event modes.

The reduction factor in $m_B$ = 1200 GeV VLQ signal events, for 4-jet (left column), 5-jet (center column), and 6-jet (right column) multiplicities, and for the bHbH (upper row), bHbZ (middle row), and bZbZ (lower row) event modes.

Data (black points), expected background (solid blue histogram), and expected background plus a VLQ signal for different VLQ masses (colored lines). Left column: 4-jet events, center column: 5-jet events, right column: 6-jet events; upper row: bHbH, middle row: bHbZ,lower row: bZbZ. For the signal, a 100% B -> bH branching fraction is assumed. The hatched regions for the background and background plus signal distributions indicate the systematic uncertainties. All three data-taking years are combined.

Data (black points), expected background (solid blue histogram), and expected background plus a VLQ signal for different VLQ masses (colored lines). Left column: 4-jet events, center column: 5-jet events, right column: 6-jet events; upper row: bHbH, middle row: bHbZ,lower row: bZbZ. For the signal, a 100% B -> bH branching fraction is assumed. The hatched regions for the background and background plus signal distributions indicate the systematic uncertainties. All three data-taking years are combined.

Data (black points), expected background (solid blue histogram), and expected background plus a VLQ signal for different VLQ masses (colored lines). Left column: 4-jet events, center column: 5-jet events, right column: 6-jet events; upper row: bHbH, middle row: bHbZ,lower row: bZbZ. For the signal, a 100% B -> bH branching fraction is assumed. The hatched regions for the background and background plus signal distributions indicate the systematic uncertainties. All three data-taking years are combined.

Data (black points), expected background (solid blue histogram), and expected background plus a VLQ signal for different VLQ masses (colored lines). Left column: 4-jet events, center column: 5-jet events, right column: 6-jet events; upper row: bHbH, middle row: bHbZ,lower row: bZbZ. For the signal, a 100% B -> bH branching fraction is assumed. The hatched regions for the background and background plus signal distributions indicate the systematic uncertainties. All three data-taking years are combined.

Data (black points), expected background (solid blue histogram), and expected background plus a VLQ signal for different VLQ masses (colored lines). Left column: 4-jet events, center column: 5-jet events, right column: 6-jet events; upper row: bHbH, middle row: bHbZ,lower row: bZbZ. For the signal, a 100% B -> bH branching fraction is assumed. The hatched regions for the background and background plus signal distributions indicate the systematic uncertainties. All three data-taking years are combined.

Data (black points), expected background (solid blue histogram), and expected background plus a VLQ signal for different VLQ masses (colored lines). Left column: 4-jet events, center column: 5-jet events, right column: 6-jet events; upper row: bHbH, middle row: bHbZ,lower row: bZbZ. For the signal, a 100% B -> bH branching fraction is assumed. The hatched regions for the background and background plus signal distributions indicate the systematic uncertainties. All three data-taking years are combined.

Data (black points), expected background (solid blue histogram), and expected background plus a VLQ signal for different VLQ masses (colored lines). Left column: 4-jet events, center column: 5-jet events, right column: 6-jet events; upper row: bHbH, middle row: bHbZ,lower row: bZbZ. For the signal, a 100% B -> bH branching fraction is assumed. The hatched regions for the background and background plus signal distributions indicate the systematic uncertainties. All three data-taking years are combined.

Data (black points), expected background (solid blue histogram), and expected background plus a VLQ signal for different VLQ masses (colored lines). Left column: 4-jet events, center column: 5-jet events, right column: 6-jet events; upper row: bHbH, middle row: bHbZ,lower row: bZbZ. For the signal, a 100% B -> bH branching fraction is assumed. The hatched regions for the background and background plus signal distributions indicate the systematic uncertainties. All three data-taking years are combined.

Data (black points), expected background (solid blue histogram), and expected background plus a VLQ signal for different VLQ masses (colored lines). Left column: 4-jet events, center column: 5-jet events, right column: 6-jet events; upper row: bHbH, middle row: bHbZ,lower row: bZbZ. For the signal, a 100% B -> bH branching fraction is assumed. The hatched regions for the background and background plus signal distributions indicate the systematic uncertainties. All three data-taking years are combined.

Expected limits on the VLQ mass at 95% CL as a function of the branching fractions $\mathcal{B}$( B -> bH ) and $\mathcal{B}$( B -> bZ)

Observed limits on the VLQ mass at 95% CL as a function of the branching fractions $\mathcal{B}$( B -> bH ) and $\mathcal{B}$( B -> bZ)

The 95% confidence limit on the cross section for VLQ pair production as a function of VLQ mass for three branching fraction hypotheses: B( B -> bH ) = 100% (upper left), B( B -> bZ ) = 100% (upper right), and and B( B -> bH ) = B( B -> bZ ) = 50% (lower). The solid black line indicates the observed limit and the dashed line indicates the expected limit with 1 sigma (green band) and 2 sigma (yellow band) uncertainties. The theoretical cross section and its uncertainty are shown as the red line and pale red band.

The 95% confidence limit on the cross section for VLQ pair production as a function of VLQ mass for three branching fraction hypotheses: B( B -> bH ) = 100% (upper left), B( B -> bZ ) = 100% (upper right), and and B( B -> bH ) = B( B -> bZ ) = 50% (lower). The solid black line indicates the observed limit and the dashed line indicates the expected limit with 1 sigma (green band) and 2 sigma (yellow band) uncertainties. The theoretical cross section and its uncertainty are shown as the red line and pale red band.

The 95% confidence limit on the cross section for VLQ pair production as a function of VLQ mass for three branching fraction hypotheses: B( B -> bH ) = 100% (upper left), B( B -> bZ ) = 100% (upper right), and and B( B -> bH ) = B( B -> bZ ) = 50% (lower). The solid black line indicates the observed limit and the dashed line indicates the expected limit with 1 sigma (green band) and 2 sigma (yellow band) uncertainties. The theoretical cross section and its uncertainty are shown as the red line and pale red band.