The invariant yields $d^2N/(2\pi p_T dp_T dy)$ of $K + p(\bar{p})$ in central Au+Au collisions, and NLO calculations with AKK [9] and DSS [10] FF. The uncertainty of yields due to the scale dependence as evaluated in [10] is about a factor of 2. Bars and boxes (bands) represent statistical and systematic uncertainties, respectively.

The invariant yields $d^2N/(2\pi p_T dp_T dy)$ of $\rho^0$ in central Au+Au collisions, and NLO calculations with AKK [9] and DSS [10] FF. The uncertainty of yields due to the scale dependence as evaluated in [10] is about a factor of 2. Bars and boxes (bands) represent statistical and systematic uncertainties, respectively.

The invariant yields $d^2N/(2\pi p_T dp_T dy)$ of $K^0_S$ in central Au+Au collisions, and NLO calculations with AKK [9] and DSS [10] FF. The uncertainty of yields due to the scale dependence as evaluated in [10] is about a factor of 2. Bars and boxes (bands) represent statistical and systematic uncertainties, respectively.

Yield ratios $\pi^−/\pi^+$, $\bar{p}/p$, $K^−/K^+$, $p/\pi^+$, $\bar{p}/\pi^−$, and $K^{\pm}/\pi^{\pm}$ versus $p_T$ in p+p collisions, and nominal NLO calculations with AKK [9] and DSS [10] FFs without theoretical uncertainties. Bars and boxes (bands) represent statistical and systematic uncertainties, respectively.

Yield ratio $K^0_S$)/$\pi^{\pm}$ versus $p_T$ in p+p collisions, and nominal NLO calculations with AKK [9] and DSS [10] FFs without theoretical uncertainties. Bars and boxes (bands) represent statistical and systematic uncertainties, respectively.

Yield ratios $p/\pi^+$ and $\bar{p}/\pi^−$ versus $p_T$ in central Au+Au collisions [14] with updated uncertainties at high $p_T$. Bars and boxes (bands) represent statistical and systematic uncertainties, respectively.

$R_{AA}$ of $\pi^{\pm} in central Au+Au collisions as a function of $p_T$. Bars and boxes (bands) represent statistical and systematic uncertainties, respectively. The height of the band at unity represents the normalization uncertainty.

$R_{AA}$ of $K^{\pm}+p(\bar{p})$ in central Au+Au collisions as a function of $p_T$. Bars and boxes (bands) represent statistical and systematic uncertainties, respectively. The height of the band at unity represents the normalization uncertainty.

$R_{AA}$ of $K^0_S$ in central Au+Au collisions as a function of $p_T$. The curves are the calculations for $K^0_S$ $R_{AA}$ with and without jet conversion in medium [15]. Bars and boxes (bands) represent statistical and systematic uncertainties, respectively. The height of the band at unity represents the normalization uncertainty.

$R_{AA}$ of $\rho^0$ in central Au+Au collisions as a function of $p_T$. Bars and boxes (bands) represent statistical and systematic uncertainties, respectively. The height of the band at unity represents the normalization uncertainty.

The ratios of $R_{AA}[K^{\pm} + p(\bar{p})]$ to $R_{AA}(\pi^{\pm})$. The boxes and shaded bands represent the systematic uncertainties for $R_{AA}[K^{\pm} +p(\bar{p})]/R_{AA}(\pi^{\pm})$, respectively.

The ratios of $R_{AA}(K^− + \bar{p})$ to $R_{AA}(K^+ p)$. The systematic uncertainties for $R_{AA}(K^− + \bar{p})/R_{AA}(K^+ +p)$ are 2–12% and left off for clarity.

The ratios of $R_{AA}[\rho^0]$ to $R_{AA}(\pi^{\pm})$. The boxes and shaded bands represent the systematic uncertainties for $R_{AA}(\rho^0)/R_{AA}(\pi^{\pm})$, respectively.

V1Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 0-2% having the associated particle PT in the range 0.25-0.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V1Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 0-2% having the associated particle PT in the range 1-1.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V1Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 0-10% having the associated particle PT in the range 0.25-0.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V1Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 0-10% having the associated particle PT in the range 1-1.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V1Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 0-10% having the associated particle PT in the range 2-2.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V1Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 40-50% having the associated particle PT in the range 0.25-0.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V1Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 40-50% having the associated particle PT in the range 1-1.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V1Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 40-50% having the associated particle PT in the range 2-2.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V2Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 0-2% having the associated particle PT in the range 0.25-0.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V2Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 0-2% having the associated particle PT in the range 1-1.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V2Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 0-10% having the associated particle PT in the range 0.25-0.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V2Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 0-10% having the associated particle PT in the range 1-1.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V2Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 0-10% having the associated particle PT in the range 2-2.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V2Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 40-50% having the associated particle PT in the range 0.25-0.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V2Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 40-50% having the associated particle PT in the range 1-1.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V2Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 40-50% having the associated particle PT in the range 2-2.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V3Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 0-2% having the associated particle PT in the range 0.25-0.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V3Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 0-2% having the associated particle PT in the range 1-1.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V3Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 0-10% having the associated particle PT in the range 0.25-0.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V3Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 0-10% having the associated particle PT in the range 1-1.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V3Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 0-10% having the associated particle PT in the range 2-2.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V3Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 40-50% having the associated particle PT in the range 0.25-0.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V3Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 40-50% having the associated particle PT in the range 1-1.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V3Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 40-50% having the associated particle PT in the range 2-2.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V4Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 0-2% having the associated particle PT in the range 0.25-0.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V4Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 0-2% having the associated particle PT in the range 1-1.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V4Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 0-10% having the associated particle PT in the range 0.25-0.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V4Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 0-10% having the associated particle PT in the range 1-1.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V4Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 0-10% having the associated particle PT in the range 2-2.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V4Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 40-50% having the associated particle PT in the range 0.25-0.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V4Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 40-50% having the associated particle PT in the range 1-1.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V4Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 40-50% having the associated particle PT in the range 2-2.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V5Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 0-2% having the associated particle PT in the range 0.25-0.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V5Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 0-2% having the associated particle PT in the range 1-1.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V5Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 0-10% having the associated particle PT in the range 0.25-0.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V5Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 0-10% having the associated particle PT in the range 1-1.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V5Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 0-10% having the associated particle PT in the range 2-2.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V5Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 40-50% having the associated particle PT in the range 0.25-0.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V5Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 40-50% having the associated particle PT in the range 1-1.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V5Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 40-50% having the associated particle PT in the range 2-2.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V1Delta for all pt combinations for the centrality classes 0-10% and 40-50%.

V2Delta for all pt combinations for the centrality classes 0-10% and 40-50%.

V3Delta for all pt combinations for the centrality classes 0-10% and 40-50%.

V4Delta for all pt combinations for the centrality classes 0-10% and 40-50%.

V5Delta for all pt combinations for the centrality classes 0-10% and 40-50%.

The global fit paramter v_2{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 0-2%.

The global fit paramter v_2{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 2-10%.

The global fit paramter v_2{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 10-20%.

The global fit paramter v_2{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 20-30%.

The global fit paramter v_2{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 30-40%.

The global fit paramter v_2{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 40-50%.

The global fit paramter v_3{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 0-2%.

The global fit paramter v_3{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 2-10%.

The global fit paramter v_3{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 10-20%.

The global fit paramter v_3{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 20-30%.

The global fit paramter v_3{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 30-40%.

The global fit paramter v_3{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 40-50%.

The global fit paramter v_4{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 0-2%.

The global fit paramter v_4{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 2-10%.

The global fit paramter v_4{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 10-20%.

The global fit paramter v_4{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 20-30%.

The global fit paramter v_4{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 30-40%.

The global fit paramter v_4{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 40-50%.

The global fit paramter v_5{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 0-2%.

The global fit paramter v_5{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 2-10%.

The global fit paramter v_5{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 10-20%.

The global fit paramter v_5{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 20-30%.

The global fit paramter v_5{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 30-40%.

The global fit paramter v_5{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 40-50%.

The global fit paramter v_1{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-5 GeV/c for the centrality class 0-20%.

The global fit paramter v_1{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-5 GeV/c for the centrality class 40-50%.

The global fit paramter v_2{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-5 GeV/c for the centrality class 0-20%.

The global fit paramter v_2{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-5 GeV/c for the centrality class 40-50%.

The global fit paramter v_3{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-5 GeV/c for the centrality class 0-20%.

The global fit paramter v_3{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-5 GeV/c for the centrality class 40-50%.

The global fit paramter v_4{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-5 GeV/c for the centrality class 0-20%.

The global fit paramter v_4{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-5 GeV/c for the centrality class 40-50%.

The global fit paramter v_5{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-5 GeV/c for the centrality class 0-20%.

The global fit paramter v_5{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-5 GeV/c for the centrality class 40-50%.

The global fit paramter v_1{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 5-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 0-20%.

The global fit paramter v_1{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 5-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 40-50%.

The global fit paramter v_2{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 5-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 0-20%.

The global fit paramter v_2{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 5-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 40-50%.

The global fit paramter v_3{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 5-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 0-20%.

The global fit paramter v_3{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 5-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 40-50%.

The global fit paramter v_4{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 5-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 0-20%.

The global fit paramter v_4{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 5-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 40-50%.

The global fit paramter v_5{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 5-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 0-20%.

The global fit paramter v_5{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 5-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 40-50%.

The global fit paramter v_1{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-1 GeV/c for the centrality class 0-10%.

The global fit paramter v_1{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-1 GeV/c for the centrality class 40-50%.

The global fit paramter v_2{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-1 GeV/c for the centrality class 0-10%.

The global fit paramter v_2{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-1 GeV/c for the centrality class 40-50%.

The global fit paramter v_1{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 2-4 GeV/c for the centrality class 0-10%.

The global fit paramter v_1{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 2-4 GeV/c for the centrality class 40-50%.

The global fit paramter v_2{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 2-4 GeV/c for the centrality class 0-10%.

The global fit paramter v_2{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 2-4 GeV/c for the centrality class 40-50%.

Elliptic flow versus $p_{T}$ for charged hadrons from Cu+Cu collisions at 0–60% centrality at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 22.4 GeV measured with the subevent method with a pseudorapidity gap of 0.3 units compared with previously published STAR results for 200 and 62.4 GeV Cu+Cu [27] measured with full TPC event plane method $v_{2}${TPC} and full FTPC event plane method $v_{2}${FTPC}. The error bars are statistical. Results are also compared to $v_{2}$($p_{T}$) model calculations.

Elliptic flow $v_{2}(\eta)$ for charged hadrons fromCu+Cu collisions at 0–60% centrality at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 22.4 GeV. The present STAR results are compared to the measurement from the PHOBOS [29] collaboration for Cu+Cu at 22.4 GeV. The PHOBOS results include statistical and systematic errors whereas the STAR results are plotted with statistical uncertainties only, and systematic errors are discussed in Section III C. Results are also compared to $v_{2}(\eta)$ calculations from the indicated models.

Elliptic flow $v_{2}${TPC} and $v_{2}${4} as a function of centrality for charged hadrons from Cu+Cu collisions at 0 − 60% centrality at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 22.4 GeV, compared with previously published results from the STAR collaboration at 200 GeV and 62.4 GeV.

FIG. 1. (Color online) Perspective views of $2 \mathrm{D}$ charge-independent angular correlations $\Delta \rho / \sqrt{\rho_{\mathrm{ref}}}$ on $\left(\eta_{\Delta}, \phi_{\Delta}\right)$ for Au-Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{N N}}=200$ and $62 \mathrm{GeV}$ (top and bottom rows, respectively). Centrality increases left to right from most peripheral to most central. Corrected total cross-section fractions are (left to right) $84 \%-93 \%, 55 \%-64 \%, 18 \%-28 \%,$ and $0 \%-5 \%$ for the $200-\mathrm{GeV}$ data and $84 \%-95 \%, 56 \%-65 \%$ $18 \%-28 \%,$ and $0 \%-5 \%$ for the $62 \mathrm{GeV}$ data (see Tables III and IV).

FIG. 1. (Color online) Perspective views of $2 \mathrm{D}$ charge-independent angular correlations $\Delta \rho / \sqrt{\rho_{\mathrm{ref}}}$ on $\left(\eta_{\Delta}, \phi_{\Delta}\right)$ for Au-Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{N N}}=200$ and $62 \mathrm{GeV}$ (top and bottom rows, respectively). Centrality increases left to right from most peripheral to most central. Corrected total cross-section fractions are (left to right) $84 \%-93 \%, 55 \%-64 \%, 18 \%-28 \%,$ and $0 \%-5 \%$ for the $200-\mathrm{GeV}$ data and $84 \%-95 \%, 56 \%-65 \%$ $18 \%-28 \%,$ and $0 \%-5 \%$ for the $62 \mathrm{GeV}$ data (see Tables III and IV).

FIG. 1. (Color online) Perspective views of $2 \mathrm{D}$ charge-independent angular correlations $\Delta \rho / \sqrt{\rho_{\mathrm{ref}}}$ on $\left(\eta_{\Delta}, \phi_{\Delta}\right)$ for Au-Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{N N}}=200$ and $62 \mathrm{GeV}$ (top and bottom rows, respectively). Centrality increases left to right from most peripheral to most central. Corrected total cross-section fractions are (left to right) $84 \%-93 \%, 55 \%-64 \%, 18 \%-28 \%,$ and $0 \%-5 \%$ for the $200-\mathrm{GeV}$ data and $84 \%-95 \%, 56 \%-65 \%$ $18 \%-28 \%,$ and $0 \%-5 \%$ for the $62 \mathrm{GeV}$ data (see Tables III and IV).

FIG. 1. (Color online) Perspective views of $2 \mathrm{D}$ charge-independent angular correlations $\Delta \rho / \sqrt{\rho_{\mathrm{ref}}}$ on $\left(\eta_{\Delta}, \phi_{\Delta}\right)$ for Au-Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{N N}}=200$ and $62 \mathrm{GeV}$ (top and bottom rows, respectively). Centrality increases left to right from most peripheral to most central. Corrected total cross-section fractions are (left to right) $84 \%-93 \%, 55 \%-64 \%, 18 \%-28 \%,$ and $0 \%-5 \%$ for the $200-\mathrm{GeV}$ data and $84 \%-95 \%, 56 \%-65 \%$ $18 \%-28 \%,$ and $0 \%-5 \%$ for the $62 \mathrm{GeV}$ data (see Tables III and IV).

FIG. 1. (Color online) Perspective views of $2 \mathrm{D}$ charge-independent angular correlations $\Delta \rho / \sqrt{\rho_{\mathrm{ref}}}$ on $\left(\eta_{\Delta}, \phi_{\Delta}\right)$ for Au-Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{N N}}=200$ and $62 \mathrm{GeV}$ (top and bottom rows, respectively). Centrality increases left to right from most peripheral to most central. Corrected total cross-section fractions are (left to right) $84 \%-93 \%, 55 \%-64 \%, 18 \%-28 \%,$ and $0 \%-5 \%$ for the $200-\mathrm{GeV}$ data and $84 \%-95 \%, 56 \%-65 \%$ $18 \%-28 \%,$ and $0 \%-5 \%$ for the $62 \mathrm{GeV}$ data (see Tables III and IV).

FIG. 2. (Color online) Fit decomposition of the $46 \%-56 \%$ centrality data for 62 -GeV Au-Au collisions. The top panels show from left to right the corrected data, model fit, fit residuals (data - model), and same-side 2D Gaussian. The bottom panels similarly show the away-side azimuth dipole, the nonjet azimuth quadrupole, the 1D $\eta_{\Delta}$ Gaussian, and the 2D exponential. This centrality is just below the sharp transition at $v_{\text {trans }}=3$. Fit residuals (c) are scaled up eightfold relative to the data.

FIG. 3. Fit parameters for $\left(\eta_{\Delta}, \phi_{\Delta}\right)$ correlation data from Au-Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{N N}}=62$ (open symbols) and 200 GeV (solid symbols) versus centrality measure $\nu$ computed at fixed energy $(200 \mathrm{GeV})$. The SS $2 \mathrm{D}$ Gaussian amplitudes, $\eta_{\Delta}$ widths, and $\phi_{\Delta}$ widths are shown in the left, center, and right panels, respectively of the top row. The bottom row shows from left to right the amplitudes for the dipole, quadrupole, and SS peak width aspect ratio $\sigma_{\eta_{\Delta}} / \sigma_{\phi_{\Delta}} .$ Fitting errors are indicated by error bars where larger than the symbols. Solid lines connect the points for clarity. The dotted and dashed curves indicate Glauber linear superposition estimates for 62 - and 200 -GeV peak amplitudes respectively, as discussed in the text. The quadrupole data are consistent with Ref. [60]. The hatched regions indicate the full range of systematic uncertainties listed in Appendix F. The vertical dark bands indicate estimated $v$ equivalents for $N-N$ collisions and $b=0$ Au-Au collisions.

FIG. 3. Fit parameters for $\left(\eta_{\Delta}, \phi_{\Delta}\right)$ correlation data from Au-Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{N N}}=62$ (open symbols) and 200 GeV (solid symbols) versus centrality measure $\nu$ computed at fixed energy $(200 \mathrm{GeV})$. The SS $2 \mathrm{D}$ Gaussian amplitudes, $\eta_{\Delta}$ widths, and $\phi_{\Delta}$ widths are shown in the left, center, and right panels, respectively of the top row. The bottom row shows from left to right the amplitudes for the dipole, quadrupole, and SS peak width aspect ratio $\sigma_{\eta_{\Delta}} / \sigma_{\phi_{\Delta}} .$ Fitting errors are indicated by error bars where larger than the symbols. Solid lines connect the points for clarity. The dotted and dashed curves indicate Glauber linear superposition estimates for 62 - and 200 -GeV peak amplitudes respectively, as discussed in the text. The quadrupole data are consistent with Ref. [60]. The hatched regions indicate the full range of systematic uncertainties listed in Appendix F. The vertical dark bands indicate estimated $v$ equivalents for $N-N$ collisions and $b=0$ Au-Au collisions.

FIG. 3. Fit parameters for $\left(\eta_{\Delta}, \phi_{\Delta}\right)$ correlation data from Au-Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{N N}}=62$ (open symbols) and 200 GeV (solid symbols) versus centrality measure $\nu$ computed at fixed energy $(200 \mathrm{GeV})$. The SS $2 \mathrm{D}$ Gaussian amplitudes, $\eta_{\Delta}$ widths, and $\phi_{\Delta}$ widths are shown in the left, center, and right panels, respectively of the top row. The bottom row shows from left to right the amplitudes for the dipole, quadrupole, and SS peak width aspect ratio $\sigma_{\eta_{\Delta}} / \sigma_{\phi_{\Delta}} .$ Fitting errors are indicated by error bars where larger than the symbols. Solid lines connect the points for clarity. The dotted and dashed curves indicate Glauber linear superposition estimates for 62 - and 200 -GeV peak amplitudes respectively, as discussed in the text. The quadrupole data are consistent with Ref. [60]. The hatched regions indicate the full range of systematic uncertainties listed in Appendix F. The vertical dark bands indicate estimated $v$ equivalents for $N-N$ collisions and $b=0$ Au-Au collisions.

FIG. 3. Fit parameters for $\left(\eta_{\Delta}, \phi_{\Delta}\right)$ correlation data from Au-Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{N N}}=62$ (open symbols) and 200 GeV (solid symbols) versus centrality measure $\nu$ computed at fixed energy $(200 \mathrm{GeV})$. The SS $2 \mathrm{D}$ Gaussian amplitudes, $\eta_{\Delta}$ widths, and $\phi_{\Delta}$ widths are shown in the left, center, and right panels, respectively of the top row. The bottom row shows from left to right the amplitudes for the dipole, quadrupole, and SS peak width aspect ratio $\sigma_{\eta_{\Delta}} / \sigma_{\phi_{\Delta}} .$ Fitting errors are indicated by error bars where larger than the symbols. Solid lines connect the points for clarity. The dotted and dashed curves indicate Glauber linear superposition estimates for 62 - and 200 -GeV peak amplitudes respectively, as discussed in the text. The quadrupole data are consistent with Ref. [60]. The hatched regions indicate the full range of systematic uncertainties listed in Appendix F. The vertical dark bands indicate estimated $v$ equivalents for $N-N$ collisions and $b=0$ Au-Au collisions.

FIG. 3. Fit parameters for $\left(\eta_{\Delta}, \phi_{\Delta}\right)$ correlation data from Au-Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{N N}}=62$ (open symbols) and 200 GeV (solid symbols) versus centrality measure $\nu$ computed at fixed energy $(200 \mathrm{GeV})$. The SS $2 \mathrm{D}$ Gaussian amplitudes, $\eta_{\Delta}$ widths, and $\phi_{\Delta}$ widths are shown in the left, center, and right panels, respectively of the top row. The bottom row shows from left to right the amplitudes for the dipole, quadrupole, and SS peak width aspect ratio $\sigma_{\eta_{\Delta}} / \sigma_{\phi_{\Delta}} .$ Fitting errors are indicated by error bars where larger than the symbols. Solid lines connect the points for clarity. The dotted and dashed curves indicate Glauber linear superposition estimates for 62 - and 200 -GeV peak amplitudes respectively, as discussed in the text. The quadrupole data are consistent with Ref. [60]. The hatched regions indicate the full range of systematic uncertainties listed in Appendix F. The vertical dark bands indicate estimated $v$ equivalents for $N-N$ collisions and $b=0$ Au-Au collisions.

FIG. 3. Fit parameters for $\left(\eta_{\Delta}, \phi_{\Delta}\right)$ correlation data from Au-Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{N N}}=62$ (open symbols) and 200 GeV (solid symbols) versus centrality measure $\nu$ computed at fixed energy $(200 \mathrm{GeV})$. The SS $2 \mathrm{D}$ Gaussian amplitudes, $\eta_{\Delta}$ widths, and $\phi_{\Delta}$ widths are shown in the left, center, and right panels, respectively of the top row. The bottom row shows from left to right the amplitudes for the dipole, quadrupole, and SS peak width aspect ratio $\sigma_{\eta_{\Delta}} / \sigma_{\phi_{\Delta}} .$ Fitting errors are indicated by error bars where larger than the symbols. Solid lines connect the points for clarity. The dotted and dashed curves indicate Glauber linear superposition estimates for 62 - and 200 -GeV peak amplitudes respectively, as discussed in the text. The quadrupole data are consistent with Ref. [60]. The hatched regions indicate the full range of systematic uncertainties listed in Appendix F. The vertical dark bands indicate estimated $v$ equivalents for $N-N$ collisions and $b=0$ Au-Au collisions.

FIG. 4. (Color online) (a) 2D data histogram from $0 \%-5 \%$ central 200 GeV Au-Au collisions $[(0,0)$ bin suppressed]. (b) Additional model component fitted to the $2 \mathrm{D}$ histogram and consisting of an AS azimuth dipole modulated by function $F\left(\eta_{\Delta}\right)$ described in the text. (c) Fit residuals including the new model component. (d) Data histogram in the first panel minus the additional model component and fitted offset. Remaining structure is described accurately by an AS dipole and SS 2D Gaussian.

FIG. 9. (a) Amplitude of SS 2D peak (jet-correlated pairs per final-state hadron) for data (solid points), GLS extrapolation from $p$ - $p$ data (dashed curve) and from the HIJING Monte Carlo (open points, dotted curve). (b) Single-particle production extrapolated from $p-p$ data (dashed curve, GLS), and from more-central Au-Au data (solid line) and HIJING (dash-dotted line, open points). (c) Single-particle hard-component production per $N-N$ binary collision from $p-p$ data, from more-central Au-Au data and from HIJING (open points). (d) Jet-correlated pair production (SS 2D peak) per $N-N$ binary collision extrapolated from $p-p$ data (GLS), and from Au-Au data (solid points) and HIJING (open points).

FIG. 9. (a) Amplitude of SS 2D peak (jet-correlated pairs per final-state hadron) for data (solid points), GLS extrapolation from $p$ - $p$ data (dashed curve) and from the HIJING Monte Carlo (open points, dotted curve). (b) Single-particle production extrapolated from $p-p$ data (dashed curve, GLS), and from more-central Au-Au data (solid line) and HIJING (dash-dotted line, open points). (c) Single-particle hard-component production per $N-N$ binary collision from $p-p$ data, from more-central Au-Au data and from HIJING (open points). (d) Jet-correlated pair production (SS 2D peak) per $N-N$ binary collision extrapolated from $p-p$ data (GLS), and from Au-Au data (solid points) and HIJING (open points).

FIG. 9. (a) Amplitude of SS 2D peak (jet-correlated pairs per final-state hadron) for data (solid points), GLS extrapolation from $p$ - $p$ data (dashed curve) and from the HIJING Monte Carlo (open points, dotted curve). (b) Single-particle production extrapolated from $p-p$ data (dashed curve, GLS), and from more-central Au-Au data (solid line) and HIJING (dash-dotted line, open points). (c) Single-particle hard-component production per $N-N$ binary collision from $p-p$ data, from more-central Au-Au data and from HIJING (open points). (d) Jet-correlated pair production (SS 2D peak) per $N-N$ binary collision extrapolated from $p-p$ data (GLS), and from Au-Au data (solid points) and HIJING (open points).

FIG. 9. (a) Amplitude of SS 2D peak (jet-correlated pairs per final-state hadron) for data (solid points), GLS extrapolation from $p$ - $p$ data (dashed curve) and from the HIJING Monte Carlo (open points, dotted curve). (b) Single-particle production extrapolated from $p-p$ data (dashed curve, GLS), and from more-central Au-Au data (solid line) and HIJING (dash-dotted line, open points). (c) Single-particle hard-component production per $N-N$ binary collision from $p-p$ data, from more-central Au-Au data and from HIJING (open points). (d) Jet-correlated pair production (SS 2D peak) per $N-N$ binary collision extrapolated from $p-p$ data (GLS), and from Au-Au data (solid points) and HIJING (open points).

FIG. 11. (Color online) (Left) Uncorrected angular correlations from 62-GeV $37 \%-46 \%$ central Au-Au collisions showing pileup distortions, especially evident as the W-shaped nonuniformity of the AS ridge on $\eta_{\Delta}$. (Right) The same data with pileup correction applied.

Inclusive differential PHI production cross section as a function of PT in the rapidity ranges 3.16-3.34 and 3.34-3.52.

Inclusive differential PHI production cross section as a function of PT in the rapidity ranges 3.52-3.70 and 3.70-3.88.

Inclusive differential PHI production cross section as a function of PT in the rapidity range 3.88-4.06.

Inclusive differential PHI production cross section as a function of PT over the rapidity range 2.44-4.06.

Inclusive differential PHI production cross section as a function of rapidity over the PT range 0.6 to 5.0.

$\bar{\Lambda}$ over $K^{0}_{s}$ production ratio in $pp$ collisions at 900 Gev ($0.25 < p_T < 2.50$ GeV$/c$) in $y$ intervals.

$\bar{\Lambda}$ to $\Lambda$ production ratio in $pp$ collisions at 900 Gev for $2.0 < y < 4.0$ in intervals of $p_T$.

$\bar{\Lambda}$ to $K^{0}_{s}$ production ratio in $pp$ collisions at 900 Gev for $2.0 < y < 4.0$ in intervals of $p_T$.

$\bar{\Lambda}$ to $K^{0}_{s}$ production ratio in $pp$ collisions at 900 Gev ($2.0 < y < 4.0$; $0.25 < p_T < 2.50$ GeV$/c$) in rapidity loss intervals.

$\bar{\Lambda}$ to $K^{0}_{s}$ production ratio in $pp$ collisions at 900 Gev ($2.0 < y < 4.0$; $0.25 < p_T < 2.50$ GeV$/c$) in rapidity loss intervals.

$\bar{\Lambda}$ to $\Lambda$ production ratio in $pp$ collisions at 7 TeV in $y$ intervals for ($0.15 < p_T < 0.65$), ($0.65 < p_T < 1.00$), ($1.00 < p_T < 2.50$) GeV$/c$.

$\bar{\Lambda}$ to $K^{0}_{s}$ production ratio in $pp$ collisions at 7 TeV in $y$ intervals for ($0.15 < p_T < 0.65$), ($0.65 < p_T < 1.00$), ($1.00 < p_T < 2.50$) GeV$/c$.

$\bar{\Lambda}$ to $\Lambda$ production ratio in $pp$ collisions at 7 TeV ($0.15 < p_T < 2.50$ GeV$/c$) in $y$ intervals.

$\bar{\Lambda}$ to $K^{0}_{s}$ production ratio in $pp$ collisions at 7 TeV ($0.15 < p_T < 2.50$ GeV$/c$) in $y$ intervals.

$\bar{\Lambda}$ to $\Lambda$ production ratio in $pp$ collisions at 7 Tev for $2.0 < y < 4.5$ in $p_T$ intervals.

$\bar{\Lambda}$ to $K^{0}_{s}$ production ratio in $pp$ collisions at 7 Tev for $2.0 < y < 4.5$ in $p_T$ intervals.

$\bar{\Lambda}$ to $\Lambda$ production ratio in $pp$ collisions at 7 Tev ($2.0 < y < 4.5$; $0.15 < p_T < 2.50$ GeV$/c$) in rapidity loss intervals.

$\bar{\Lambda}$ to $K^{0}_{s}$ production ratio in $pp$ collisions at 7 Tev ($2.0 < y < 4.5$; $0.15 < p_T < 2.50$ GeV$/c$) in rapidity loss intervals.

$\Omega + \bar{\Omega}$ invariant mass spectra from Cu+Cu $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 200$ GeV collisions, where $|y| < 0.5$. The uncertainties on the spectra points are statistical and systematic combined.

$K^0_S$ invariant mass spectra from Au+Au $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 200$ GeV collisions, where $|y| < 0.5$. The uncertainties on the spectra points are statistical and systematic combined.

$\Lambda$ and $\bar{\Lambda}$ invariant mass spectra from Au+Au $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 200$ GeV collisions, where $|y| < 0.5$. The $\Lambda$ and $\bar{\Lambda}$ yields have not been feed down subtracted from weak decays. The uncertainties on the spectra points are statistical and systematic combined.

$K^0_S$, $\Lambda$, and $\bar{\Lambda}$, spectra divided by $\langle N_{part} \rangle$ for Cu+Cu $0 − 10\%$ ($\langle N_{part} \rangle \sim 99$) and Au+Au $20 − 40\%$ ($\langle N_{part} \rangle \sim 141$) $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 200$ GeV collisions, where $|y| < 0.5$. The $\Lambda$ and $\bar{\Lambda}$ yields have been feed down subtracted from weak decays. The uncertainties on the spectra points are statistical and systematic; for clarity the uncertainty on $\langle N_{part} \rangle$ has not been included. The curves show the functions described in the text used to extract $dN/dy$.

$\Xi + \bar{\Xi}$ spectra divided by $\langle N_{part} \rangle$ for Cu+Cu $0 − 10\%$ ($\langle N_{part} \rangle \sim 99$) $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 200$ GeV collisions, where $|y| < 0.5$. The uncertainties on the spectra points are statistical and systematic; for clarity the uncertainty on $\langle N_{part} \rangle$ has not been included. The curves show the functions described in the text used to extract $dN/dy$.

$\Xi + \bar{\Xi}$ spectra divided by $\langle N_{part} \rangle$ for Au+Au $20 − 40\%$ ($\langle N_{part} \rangle \sim 141$) $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 200$ GeV collisions, where $|y| < 0.5$. The uncertainties on the spectra points are statistical and systematic; for clarity the uncertainty on $\langle N_{part} \rangle$ has not been included. The curves show the functions described in the text used to extract $dN/dy$.

$\Omega + \bar{\Omega}$ spectra divided by $\langle N_{part} \rangle$ for Cu+Cu $0 − 10\%$ ($\langle N_{part} \rangle \sim 99$) $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 200$ GeV collisions, where $|y| < 0.5$. The uncertainties on the spectra points are statistical and systematic; for clarity the uncertainty on $\langle N_{part} \rangle$ has not been included. The curves show the functions described in the text used to extract $dN/dy$.

$\Omega + \bar{\Omega}$ spectra divided by $\langle N_{part} \rangle$ for Au+Au $20 − 40\%$ ($\langle N_{part} \rangle \sim 141$) $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 200$ GeV collisions, where $|y| < 0.5$. The uncertainties on the spectra points are statistical and systematic; for clarity the uncertainty on $\langle N_{part} \rangle$ has not been included. The curves show the functions described in the text used to extract $dN/dy$.

The enhancement factor for (multi-) strange particles in Cu+Cu $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 200$ GeV collisions, where $|y| < 0.5$. The $\Lambda$, and $\bar{\Lambda}$ yields have been feed-down subtracted in all cases. The black bars show the normalization uncertainties, and the uncertainties for the heavy-ion points are the combined statistical and systematic errors. Curves described in the text, where $B_{K} = 2.0$, $B_{\Lambda} = 2.4$, $B_{\Xi} = 5.0$ and $B_{\Omega} = 12.1$.

The enhancement factor for (multi-) strange particles in Au+Au $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 200$ GeV collisions, where $|y| < 0.5$. The $\Lambda$, and $\bar{\Lambda}$ yields have been feed-down subtracted in all cases. The black bars show the normalization uncertainties, and the uncertainties for the heavy-ion points are the combined statistical and systematic errors. Curves described in the text, where $B_{K} = 2.0$, $B_{\Lambda} = 2.4$, $B_{\Xi} = 5.0$ and $B_{\Omega} = 12.1$.

Ratio of particle yields in central Cu+Cu and midcentral Au+Au collisions when $\langle N_{part} \rangle = 99$ in each case for $|y| < 0.5$. $\pi$ yields are from elsewhere [17]. Boxed uncertainties are from the Glauber calculations and are correlated for every particle. $\langle N_{part>1} \rangle$ refers to the parameterization shown by eq. 1, while the EPOS and AMPT models are described in the text. The default settings are used for each model. The vertical lines show the remaining independent statistical and systematic uncertainties.

$\rho^0$ production cross section determined with the data set collected with trigger B, as a function of momentum transfer $t$, fitted with a double exponential fit function in the range $t < 0.1$. The statistical errors are shown. The ratio of incoherent to coherent cross sections is measured to be $0.20 \pm 0.8$. The fit parameters are shown in Table I.

Comparison of theoretical predictions to the measured total cross section for coherent $\rho^0$ production as a functionof $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ . The measured cross section is based on the dataset collected with trigger B. The error bars show the sum of the statistical and systematic uncertainties. See text for details.