We have measured the total and differential cross sections of the reaction e + e − → γγ ( γ ) at center-of-mass energies around 91 GeV, with an integrated luminosity of 14.2 pb −1 . The results are in good agreement with QED predictions. We set lower limits, at 95% confidence level, on the QED cutoff parameters of Λ + > 139 GeV, Λ − > 108 GeV and on the mass of an excited electron of m e∗ > 127 GeV . We searched for Z 0 rare decays with photonic signitures in the final state. Upper limits, at 95% confidence level, for branching ratio of Z 0 decaying into π 0 γ / γγ , νγ and γγγ are 1.2 × 10 −4 , 1.8 × 10 −4 , 3.3 × 10 −5 respectively.
Measured cross section for the 1991 data.
Measured cross section for the 1990 data.
Measured differential cross sections of combined 1990 and 1991 data.
Cross sections were determined in the Δ(1232) excitation region for the reactions 3 He( γ , π + ) 3 H, 3 He (γ, π + ) nd,nnp and 3 He (γ, π − ) ppp at several photon energies and pion emission angles. Inclusive charged-pion photoproduction spectra were measured with a magnetic spectrometer using quasi-monochromatic positron-annihilation photons. Quasi-free mechanisms have been clearly observed, but pion-nucleon and nucleon-nucleon rescattering and Pauli exclusion mechanisms must be considered to explain the trend of the data for the different channels.
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We have measured the cross section for γγ production with the TOPAZ detector in the energy region √ s =50.0–61.4 GeV. The observed cross section for γγ production integrated over |cos θ | ⩽ 0.77 is 50.2±0.8±2.2 pb at 〈√ s 〉=57.6 GeV and the ratio of this value to the QED prediction is 1.01±0.02±0.04. The angular distribution is in good agreement with the QED predictions, thereby setting limits on the compositeness scales, Λ L+R + =168 GeV, Λ L+R − =97 GeV, Λ L,R =141 GeV, Λ L,R − =81 GeV, and Λ L−R ± =68 GeV, at the 95% confidence level. The reaction e + e − → γγγ was also studied and was found consistent with the QED prediction.
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Data collected in the experiment R704 at the CERN ISR are used to study the annihilation process p p → π 0 π 0 at several centre-of-mass energies between 2.97 and 3.56 GeV. A total sample of 7359 events has been identified, from which cross sections and angular distributions in the interval 0 < | cos θ ∗ | < 0.5 have been measured.
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The total and differential cross-sections for the reaction e + e − → γγ ( γ ) are measured at centre of mass energies around 91 GeV using an integrated luminosity of 4.7 pb −1 . The aggreement with QED prediction is good. Consequently there is no evidence for non-standard channels which would have the same experimental signature. The lower limits on the QED cuttoff parameters are Λ + > 113 GeV and Λ − > 95 GeV. An upper limit on the effective coupling between a possible excited electron and the gamma is derived. At 95% confidence level the branching ratios for Z 0 decay into π 0 γ, ηψ and γγγ are below 1.5 × 10 −4 , 2.8 × 10 −4 and 1.4 × 10 −4 respectively.
Radiative effects are subtracted.
Radiative effects subtracted.
The charge asymmetry of quark jets produced in e + e − annihilations at 〈√ s 〉=57.9 GeV was measured with the TOPAZ detector at TRISTAN. The observed charge asymmetry is +0.091±0.014(stat.)±0.016(sys.). From the measured differential cross section, the axial vector coupling constant averaged over all quark flavors was determined to be 1.09 −0.21 +0.27 . These values are consistent with the standard model predictions. Possible deviations from the standard model were examined in terms of contact interactions, and the lower limits on the compositeness scale parameters were obtained to be 1.2–7.1 TeV at the 95% confidence level.
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The angular distributions of the analyzing power A y and of the differential cross section d σ/ d Ω in p p elastic scattering have been measured at 439 and 544 MeV/c. The results of A y are compared with various theoretical models.
Data requested from authors.
Legendre fit polynomials.
Normalized Legendre fit polynomials.
The reaction p + d → π − + X has been studied at Saturne at 1.45, 2.10 and 2.70 GeV, using the spectrometer SPES III. The analysing power and the differential cross sections show no evidence for narrow structures which could be interpreted as a resonance in the three baryon system. At the lowest incident energy, the shapes of the experimental cross sections are well reproduced by phase-space distributions.
Axis error includes +- 0.0/0.0 contribution (?////).
Inclusive π − spectra have been measured for 14 N+C collisions at 41 A , 67 A , 80 A and 135 A MeV, the lowest energies measured for the charged pion. The cross sections fall exponentially with T π and the exponential slope factors at 90° in the nucleon-nucleon center of mass frame are determined. Energy distributions below a beam energy of 100 A MeV are less steep than expected from the monotonic decrease of the slope factor down to 100 A MeV. The production mechanism of energetic pions far below threshold is discussed for several models.
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The cross section of the pure QED process e + e − → γγ has been measured using data accumulated during the 1989 and 1990 scans of the Z 0 resonance at LEP. Both the energy dependence and the angular distribution are in good agreement with the QED prediction. Upper limits on the branching ratios of Z 0 → γγ , Z 0 → π 0 γ and Z 0 → ηγ have been set at 1.4×10 −4 , 1.4×10 −4 and 2.0×10 −4 respectively. Lower limits on the cutoff parameters of the modified electron propagator have been found to be Λ + > 117 GeV and Λ − > 110 GeV. The reaction e + e − → γγγ has also been studied and was found to be consistent with the QED prediction. An upper limit on the branching ratio of Z 0 → γγγ has been set at 6.6 × 10 −5 . All the limits are given at 95% confidence level.
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