$p_{\rm T}$-differential yields of $\Lambda$(1520) (sum of particle and anti-particle states) in p--Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ $\mathrm{=}$ 5.02 TeV in multiplicity interval 20--40\%. The uncertainty 'sys,$p_{\rm T}$-correlated' indicates the systematic uncertainty after removing the contributions of $p_{\rm T}$-uncorrelated uncertainty.

$p_{\rm T}$-differential yields of $\Lambda$(1520) (sum of particle and anti-particle states) in p--Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ $\mathrm{=}$ 5.02 TeV in multiplicity interval 40--60\%. The uncertainty 'sys,$p_{\rm T}$-correlated' indicates the systematic uncertainty after removing the contributions of $p_{\rm T}$-uncorrelated uncertainty.

$p_{\rm T}$-differential yields of $\Lambda$(1520) (sum of particle and anti-particle states) in p--Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ $\mathrm{=}$ 5.02 TeV in multiplicity interval 60--100\%. The uncertainty 'sys,$p_{\rm T}$-correlated' indicates the systematic uncertainty after removing the contributions of $p_{\rm T}$-uncorrelated uncertainty.

Ratio of $p_{\rm T}$-integrated yields of $\Lambda$(1520) (sum of particle and anti-particle states) to charged $\pi$ ($\pi^{+} + \pi^{-}$) at midrapidity as a function of $\langle {\rm d}N_{\rm ch}/{\rm d} \eta_{\rm lab} \rangle$ in inelastic pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ $\mathrm{=}$ 7 TeV.

Ratio of $p_{\rm T}$-integrated yields of $\Lambda$(1520) (sum of particle and anti-particle states) to charged $\pi$ ($\pi^{+} + \pi^{-}$) as a function of $\langle {\rm d}N_{\rm ch}/{\rm d} \eta_{\rm lab} \rangle$ in p--Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ $\mathrm{=}$ 5.02 TeV. The uncertainty 'sys,uncorrelated' indicates the multiplicity uncorrelated systematic uncertainty.

Ratio of $p_{\rm T}$-integrated yields of $\Lambda$(1520) (sum of particle and anti-particle states) to K$^{-}$ at midrapidity as a function of $\langle {\rm d}N_{\rm ch}/{\rm d} \eta_{\rm lab} \rangle$ in inelastic pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ $\mathrm{=}$ 7 TeV.

Ratio of $p_{\rm T}$-integrated yields of $\Lambda$(1520) (sum of particle and anti-particle states) to K$^{-}$ as a function of $\langle {\rm d}N_{\rm ch}/{\rm d} \eta_{\rm lab} \rangle$ in p--Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ $\mathrm{=}$ 5.02 TeV. The uncertainty 'sys,uncorrelated' indicates the multiplicity uncorrelated systematic uncertainty.

Ratio of $p_{\rm T}$-integrated yields of $\Lambda$(1520) (sum of particle and anti-particle states) to its ground state particle $\Lambda$ ($\Lambda + \bar{\Lambda}$) at midrapidity as a function of $\langle {\rm d}N_{\rm ch}/{\rm d} \eta_{\rm lab} \rangle$ in inelastic pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ $\mathrm{=}$ 7 TeV.

Ratio of $p_{\rm T}$-integrated yields of $\Lambda$(1520) (sum of particle and anti-particle states) to its ground state particle $\Lambda$ ($\Lambda + \bar{\Lambda}$) as a function of $\langle {\rm d}N_{\rm ch}/{\rm d} \eta_{\rm lab} \rangle$ in p--Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ $\mathrm{=}$ 5.02 TeV. The uncertainty 'sys,uncorrelated' indicates the multiplicity uncorrelated systematic uncertainty.

Direct photon spectra(Nucl. Part. Phys. 23, A1 (1997)) normalized by $(dN_{ch}/d\eta)^{1.25}$ for in p+p at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$= 63 GeV.

Direct photon spectra(Sov. J. Nucl. Phys. 51, 836 (1990)) normalized by $(dN_{ch}/d\eta)^{1.25}$ for in p+p at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$= 63 GeV.

Direct photon spectra normalized by $(dN_{ch}/d\eta)^{1.25}$ for in Au+Au at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$= 62.4 GeV.

Direct photon spectra normalized by $(dN_{ch}/d\eta)^{1.25}$ for in Au+Au at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$= 39.0 GeV.

Direct photon spectra(Physical Review C91, 064904 (2015)) normalized by $(dN_{ch}/d\eta)^{1.25}$ for in Au+Au at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$= 200 GeV.

Direct photon spectra(Physical Review Letters 104, 132301 (2010)) normalized by $(dN_{ch}/d\eta)^{1.25}$ for in Au+Au at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$= 200 GeV.

Direct photon spectra(Physical Review Letters 109, 152302 (2012)) normalized by $(dN_{ch}/d\eta)^{1.25}$ for in Au+Au at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$= 200 GeV.

Direct photon spectra(Physical Review C98, 054902 (2018)) normalized by $(dN_{ch}/d\eta)^{1.25}$ for in Cu+Cu at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$= 200 GeV.

Direct photon spectra(Physics Letters B754 235 (2016)) normalized by $(dN_{ch}/d\eta)^{1.25}$ for in Pb+Pb at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$= 2760 GeV.

Number of binary collisions N_{coll} vs. Charged particle multiplicity in Au+Au at various cm energies.

Charged particle multiplicity vs. centrality in Au+Au at various cm energies.

Number of binary collisions N_{coll} vs. centrality in Au+Au at various cm energies.

Integrated direct photon yield vs. Charged particle multiplicity in various systems at various cm energies.

Charged particle multiplicity vs. centrality in various systems at various cm energies.

Integrated direct photon yield vs. centrality in various systems at various cm energies.

Integrated direct photon yield vs. Charged particle multiplicity in various systems at various cm energies.

Charged particle multiplicity vs. centrality in various systems at various cm energies.

Integrated direct photon yield vs. centrality in various systems at various cm energies.

Differential cross section of J/psi mesons from b hadrons as a function of dimuon pT in pp and PbPb collisions. The PbPb cross sections are normalised by TAA for direct comparison. Global uncertainties arise from the integrated luminosity uncertainty in pp collisions, and the number of minimum bias events and TAA uncertainties for PbPb collisions.

Differential cross section of prompt J/psi mesons as a function of dimuon rapidty in pp and PbPb collisions. The PbPb cross sections are normalised by TAA for direct comparison. Global uncertainties arise from the integrated luminosity uncertainty in pp collisions, and the number of minimum bias events and TAA uncertainties for PbPb collisions.

Differential cross section of J/psi mesons from b hadrons as a function of dimuon rapidty in pp and PbPb collisions. The PbPb cross sections are normalised by TAA for direct comparison. Global uncertainties arise from the integrated luminosity uncertainty in pp collisions, and the number of minimum bias events and TAA uncertainties for PbPb collisions.

Nuclear modification factor of prompt J/psi mesons as a function of dimuon rapidity. Global uncertainties arise from the integrated luminosity uncertainty of the pp data, and the number of minimum bias events and TAA uncertainties of the PbPb data.

Nuclear modification factor of prompt J/psi mesons as a function of collision centrality. Global uncertainties arise from the full pp statistical and systematic uncertainties (including integrated luminosity uncertainty), and the number of minimum bias events uncertainty of the PbPb data.

Nuclear modification factor of prompt J/psi mesons as a function of dimuon pT. Global uncertainties arise from the integrated luminosity uncertainty of the pp data, and the number of minimum bias events and TAA uncertainties of the PbPb data.

Nuclear modification factor of prompt J/psi mesons as a function of dimuon pT in the mid-rapidity interval. Global uncertainties arise from the integrated luminosity uncertainty of the pp data, and the number of minimum bias events and TAA uncertainties of the PbPb data.

Nuclear modification factor of prompt J/psi mesons as a function of dimuon pT in the most forward rapidity interval. Global uncertainties arise from the integrated luminosity uncertainty of the pp data, and the number of minimum bias events and TAA uncertainties of the PbPb data.

Nuclear modification factor of prompt J/psi mesons as a function of collision centrality in the mid- and most forward rapidity intervals. Global uncertainties arise from the full pp statistical and systematic uncertainties (including integrated luminosity uncertainty), and the number of minimum bias events uncertainty of the PbPb data.

Nuclear modification factor of prompt J/psi mesons as a function of pT in three centrality bins. Global uncertainties arise from the integrated luminosity uncertainty of the pp data, and the number of minimum bias events and TAA uncertainties of the PbPb data.

Nuclear modification factor of prompt J/psi mesons as a function of collision centrality in the most forward rapidity range at moderate and high pT. Global uncertainties arise from the full pp statistical and systematic uncertainties (including integrated luminosity uncertainty), and the number of minimum bias events uncertainty of the PbPb data.

Nuclear modification factor of prompt J/psi mesons as a function of collision centrality in the mid-rapidity range. Global uncertainties arise from the full pp statistical and systematic uncertainties (including integrated luminosity uncertainty), and the number of minimum bias events uncertainty of the PbPb data.

Nuclear modification factor of prompt psi(2S) mesons as a function of collision centrality in the mid-rapidity range. Global uncertainties arise from the full pp statistical and systematic uncertainties (including integrated luminosity uncertainty), and the number of minimum bias events uncertainty of the PbPb data.

95% CL intervals on the nuclear modification factor of prompt psi(2S) mesons as a function of collision centrality in the mid-rapidity range. Global uncertainties arise from the full pp statistical and systematic uncertainties (including integrated luminosity uncertainty), and the number of minimum bias events uncertainty of the PbPb data.

Nuclear modification factor of prompt J/psi and psi(2S) mesons as a function of dimuon pT in the mid-rapidity range. Global uncertainties arise from the integrated luminosity uncertainty of the pp data, and the number of minimum bias events and TAA uncertainties of the PbPb data.

Nuclear modification factor of prompt J/psi mesons as a function of collision centrality in the forward rapidity range. Global uncertainties arise from the full pp statistical and systematic uncertainties (including integrated luminosity uncertainty), and the number of minimum bias events uncertainty of the PbPb data.

Nuclear modification factor of prompt psi(2S) mesons as a function of collision centrality in the forward rapidity range. Global uncertainties arise from the full pp statistical and systematic uncertainties (including integrated luminosity uncertainty), and the number of minimum bias events uncertainty of the PbPb data.

95% CL intervals on the nuclear modification factor of prompt psi(2S) mesons as a function of collision centrality in the forward rapidity range. Global uncertainties arise from the full pp statistical and systematic uncertainties (including integrated luminosity uncertainty), and the number of minimum bias events uncertainty of the PbPb data.

Nuclear modification factor of prompt J/psi mesons as a function of dimuon pT in the forward rapidity range. Global uncertainties arise from the integrated luminosity uncertainty of the pp data, and the number of minimum bias events and TAA uncertainties of the PbPb data.

Nuclear modification factor of prompt psi(2S) mesons as a function of dimuon pT in the forward rapidity range. Global uncertainties arise from the integrated luminosity uncertainty of the pp data, and the number of minimum bias events and TAA uncertainties of the PbPb data.

95% CL intervals on the nuclear modification factor of prompt psi(2S) mesons as a function of dimuon pT in the forward rapidity range. Global uncertainties arise from the integrated luminosity uncertainty of the pp data, and the number of minimum bias events and TAA uncertainties of the PbPb data.

Nuclear modification factor of nonprompt J/psi mesons as a function of dimuon rapidity. Global uncertainties arise from the integrated luminosity uncertainty of the pp data, and the number of minimum bias events and TAA uncertainties of the PbPb data.

Nuclear modification factor of nonprompt J/psi mesons as a function of collision centrality. Global uncertainties arise from the full pp statistical and systematic uncertainties (including integrated luminosity uncertainty), and the number of minimum bias events uncertainty of the PbPb data.

Nuclear modification factor of nonprompt J/psi mesons as a function of dimuon pT. Global uncertainties arise from the integrated luminosity uncertainty of the pp data, and the number of minimum bias events and TAA uncertainties of the PbPb data.

Nuclear modification factor of nonprompt J/psi mesons as a function of dimuon pT in the mid-rapidity interval. Global uncertainties arise from the integrated luminosity uncertainty of the pp data, and the number of minimum bias events and TAA uncertainties of the PbPb data.

Nuclear modification factor of nonprompt J/psi mesons as a function of dimuon pT in the most forward rapidity interval. Global uncertainties arise from the integrated luminosity uncertainty of the pp data, and the number of minimum bias events and TAA uncertainties of the PbPb data.

Nuclear modification factor of nonprompt J/psi mesons as a function of collision centrality in the mid- and most forward rapidity intervals. Global uncertainties arise from the full pp statistical and systematic uncertainties (including integrated luminosity uncertainty), and the number of minimum bias events uncertainty of the PbPb data.

Nuclear modification factor of nonprompt J/psi mesons as a function of pT in three centrality bins. Global uncertainties arise from the integrated luminosity uncertainty of the pp data, and the number of minimum bias events and TAA uncertainties of the PbPb data.

Nuclear modification factor of nonprompt J/psi mesons as a function of collision centrality in the most forward rapidity range at moderate and high pT. Global uncertainties arise from the full pp statistical and systematic uncertainties (including integrated luminosity uncertainty), and the number of minimum bias events uncertainty of the PbPb data.

The ratio of $\psi(2S)$ to $J/\psi(1S)$ cross sections, as measured in the dimuon decay channel in pp collisions at 200 GeV over the rapidity interval $1.2<|y|<2.2$, as a function of transverse momentum $p_{T}$.

The double ratios $[\sigma_{\psi(2S)}/\sigma_{\psi(1S)}]_{pA}/[\sigma_{\psi(2S)}/\sigma_{\psi(1S)}]_{pp}$. The global systematic uncertainty is $\pm 14\%$.

The charged-particle multiplicity $dN_{ch}/d\eta$ determined from AMPT simulations and the nuclear overlap $S_T$ from Glauber simulations for the data shown in Fig. 5. Here we assume $dN/d\eta$ = $\frac{3}{2}dN_{ch}/d\eta$.

The charged-particle multiplicity $dN_{ch}/d\eta$ determined from AMPT simulations and the nuclear overlap $S_T$ from Glauber simulations for the data shown in Fig. 5. Here we assume $dN/d\eta$ = $\frac{3}{2}dN_{ch}/d\eta$.

The charged-particle multiplicity $dN_{ch}/d\eta$ determined from AMPT simulations and the nuclear overlap $S_T$ from Glauber simulations for the data shown in Fig. 5. Here we assume $dN/d\eta$ = $\frac{3}{2}dN_{ch}/d\eta$.

Data table for $\sigma_{\psi(2S)}/\sigma_{\psi(1S)}$ ratios, measured in the dimuon decay channel. Here "fwd" refers to the forward rapidity interval $1.2<y<2.2$, "bwd" refers to the backward rapidity interval $-2.2<y<-1.2$, and "comb" refers to the rapidity interval $1.2<|y|<2.2$.

Global variables for Pb+Pb collisions at the LHC from ALICE.

$p^{pp}_T$ dependence of $S_{loss}$ for $\pi^0$ in 200 GeV Au+Au collisions from 2007 data from the PHENIX experiment at RHIC.

$p^{pp}_T$ dependence of $S_{loss}$ for $\pi^0$ in 200 GeV Au+Au collisions from 2004 data from the PHENIX experiment at RHIC for $p_T$ <10 GeV/$c$.

$p^{pp}_T$ dependence of $S_{loss}$ for $\pi^0$ in 200 GeV Cu+Cu collisions using the spectra measured by PHENIX at RHIC in 2005.

$p^{pp}_T$ dependence of $S_{loss}$ for $\pi^0$ in 62 GeV Au+Au collisions using the spectra measured by PHENIX in 2010.

$p^{pp}_T$ dependence of $S_{loss}$ for $\pi^0$ in 62.4 GeV Cu+Cu collisions using the spectra measured by PHENIX in 2005.

$p^{pp}_T$ dependence of $S_{loss}$ for $\pi^0$ in 2.76 TeV Pb+Pb collisions using the result from the ALICE experiment.

Parameters from fitting the indicated power-law functions for $\delta p_T/p_T$ to the data as a function of $p^{pp}_T$ for Au+Au collisions from 2004 data at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV.

Parameters from fitting the indicated power-law functions for $\delta p_T/p_T$ to the data as a function of $p^{pp}_T$ for Au+Au collisions from 2007 data at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV.

Parameters from fitting the indicated power-law functions for $\delta p_T/p_T$ to the data as a function of $p^{pp}_T$ for Cu+Cu collisions from 2005 data at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV.

Parameters from fitting the indicated power-law functions for $\delta p_T/p_T$ to the data as a function of $p^{pp}_T$ for Pb+Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 2.76 TeV.

Production rate for the $\pi^{0}$ production in the rapidity range $9.2 < y < 9.4$ in $p+p$ collisions and in the rapidity range $-9.2 > y_\rm{lab} > -9.4$ in $p+\rm{Pb}$ collisions.

Production rate for the $\pi^{0}$ production in the rapidity range $9.4 < y < 9.6$ in $p+p$ collisions and in the rapidity range $-9.4 > y_\rm{lab} > -9.6$ in $p+\rm{Pb}$ collisions.

Production rate for the $\pi^{0}$ production in the rapidity range $9.6 < y < 9.8$ in $p+p$ collisions and in the rapidity range $-9.6 > y_\rm{lab} > -9.8$ in $p+\rm{Pb}$ collisions.

Production rate for the $\pi^{0}$ production in the rapidity range $9.8 < y < 10.0$ in $p+p$ collisions and in the rapidity range $-9.8 > y_\rm{lab} > -10.0$ in $p+\rm{Pb}$ collisions.

Production rate for the $\pi^{0}$ production in the rapidity range $10.0 < y < 10.2$ in $p+p$ collisions and in the rapidity range $-10.0 > y_\rm{lab} > -10.2$ in $p+\rm{Pb}$ collisions.

Production rate for the $\pi^{0}$ production in the rapidity range $10.2 < y < 10.4$ in $p+p$ collisions and in the rapidity range $-10.2 > y_\rm{lab} > -10.4$ in $p+\rm{Pb}$ collisions.

Production rate for the $\pi^{0}$ production in the rapidity range $10.4 < y < 10.6$ in $p+p$ collisions and in the rapidity range $-10.4 > y_\rm{lab} > -10.6$ in $p+\rm{Pb}$ collisions.

Production rate for the $\pi^{0}$ production in the rapidity range $10.6 < y < 10.8$ in $p+p$ collisions and in the rapidity range $-10.6 > y_\rm{lab} > -10.8$ in $p+\rm{Pb}$ collisions.

Production rate for the $\pi^{0}$ production in the $p_\rm{T}$ range $0.0 < p_\rm{T} < 0.2$ GeV in $p+p$ and $p+\rm{Pb}$ collisions.

Production rate for the $\pi^{0}$ production in the $p_\rm{T}$ range $0.2 < p_\rm{T} < 0.4$ GeV in $p+p$ and $p+\rm{Pb}$ collisions.

Production rate for the $\pi^{0}$ production in the $p_\rm{T}$ range $0.4 < p_\rm{T} < 0.6$ GeV in $p+p$ and $p+\rm{Pb}$ collisions.

Production rate for the $\pi^{0}$ production in the $p_\rm{T}$ range $0.6 < p_\rm{T} < 0.8$ GeV in $p+p$ and $p+\rm{Pb}$ collisions.

Production rate for the $\pi^{0}$ production in the $p_\rm{T}$ range $0.8 < p_\rm{T} < 1.0$ GeV in $p+p$ and $p+\rm{Pb}$ collisions.

Nuclear modification factor for the $\pi^{0}$s in the rapidity ranges $-8.8>y_\rm{lab}>-9.0$, $-9.0>y_\rm{lab}>-9.2$, and $-9.2>y_\rm{lab}>-9.4$ in $p+\rm{Pb}$ collisions at $\sqrt{s_\rm{NN}}=5.02$ TeV. The uncertainties include both statistical and systematic uncertainties.

Nuclear modification factor for the $\pi^{0}$s in the rapidity ranges $-9.4>y_\rm{lab}>-9.6$, $-9.6>y_\rm{lab}>-9.8$, and $-9.8>y_\rm{lab}>-10.0$ in $p+\rm{Pb}$ collisions at $\sqrt{s_\rm{NN}}=5.02$ TeV. The uncertainties include both statistical and systematic uncertainties.

Nuclear modification factor for the $\pi^{0}$s in the rapidity ranges $-10.0>y_\rm{lab}>-10.2$, $-10.2>y_\rm{lab}>-10.4$, and $-10.4>y_\rm{lab}>-10.6$ in $p+\rm{Pb}$ collisions at $\sqrt{s_\rm{NN}}=5.02$ TeV. The uncertainties include both statistical and systematic uncertainties.

Nuclear modification factor for the $\pi^{0}$s in the rapidity ranges $-10.6>y_\rm{lab}>-10.8$ in $p+\rm{Pb}$ collisions at $\sqrt{s_\rm{NN}}=5.02$ TeV. The uncertainties include both statistical and systematic uncertainties.