Nucleon structure functions obtained from neutrino and anti-neutrino scattering on iron nuclei at high energies (Ev=30 to 250 GeV) are presented. These results are compared with the results of other lepton-nucleon scattering experiments. The structure functions are used to test the validity of the Gross-Llewellyn-smith sum rule, which measures the number of valence quarks in the nucleons, and to obtain leading and second order QCD fits.
Measured charged current total cross section.
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The UA2 experiment, running at the CERN SPS\(\bar pp\) Collider, has performed a study of events containing three hard jets in the final state. The angular distributions of the three jets show evidence for gluon bremsstrahlung, in good agreement with a QCD model to leading order in the strong coupling constant αs. The yield of three-jet events relative to that of two-jet events provides a measure of the strong coupling constant: ;3K3/K2=0.23±0.01±0.04, whereK2 andK3 represent the contributions arising from higher order corrections in α3 to the two- and three-jet exclusive cross-sections. A detailed discussion of the systematic and theoretical uncertainties is given.
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Neutral kaon to negative pion production ratios fromvp and\(\bar vp\) charged current interactions in BEBC are presented and compared with LUND fragmentation model predictions. Good agreement is obtained with a strangeness suppression factor λ=0.203±0.014(stat)±0.010(sys). No evidence is seen for an energy dependence of λ in our kinematic region.
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12,100 νD and 10,500\(\bar vD\) charged current interactions in deuterium measured in the BEBC bubble chamber were used to obtain the complete set of structure functions of proton and neutron. Thex andQ2 dependence of the structure functions of up and down valence quarks and antiquarks are presented and discussed. The Adler and Gross-Llewellyn Smith sum rules have been tested at differentQ2 values. A QCD analysis of the four non singlet structure functionsxF3νN,xuv,xdv andF2νn−F2νp has been performed yielding values ofΛLO between 100 and 300 MeV.
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The reactionγγ→3π+3π- has been studied usig the JADE detector at PETRA. The topological cross sectionσ(γγ→3π+3π-) was measured in the CM energy range 1.5–5.5 GeV. The production ofρ0,s was observed and the average number ofρ0,s per event measured. The contributions of the subprocessesγγ→ρ02π+2π-,γγ→ρ0ρ0π+2π- andγγ→ 3π+3π- (phase space) were studied and 95% C.L. upper limits for the cross sectionσ(γγ→ρ0ρ0π+π- determined. Finally the Bose-Einstein correlation for pairs of like signed pions was observed. A fit to a standard parametrization gave results consistent with other studies of this effect in pion systems.
Topological cross section.
Fractions of events for different final states resulting from the extended liklihood fit using incoherent weights.
Fractions of events for different final states resulting from the extended liklihood fit using coherent weights.
An improved measurement of the average b hadron lifetime is performed using a sample of 1.5 million hadronic Z decays, collected during the 1991–1993 runs of ALEPH, with the silicon vertex detector fully operational. This uses the three-dimensional impact parameter distribution of lepton tracks coming from semileptonic b decays and yields an average b hadron lifetime of 1.533 ± 0.013 ± 0.022 ps.
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We present the fractional energy distributions for positive and negative hadrons produced in muon-proton and muon-neutron scattering, and ensuing charge ratios for the photon fragmentation region. Data presented for a center-of-mass energy range 2.8<W<4.5 GeV and a virtual-photon mass-squared range 0.5≤Q2≤4.5 GeV2 indicate an overall equality of summed structure functions for neutron and proton targets, which exhibit approximate independence of Q2 and ω′, Implications in terms of quark-fragmentation ideas are discussed.
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We present inclusive distributions for final-state hadrons produced in inelastic muon-proton scattering. Over the total energy range 2<W<4.7 GeV and the momentum-transfer range 0.3<Q2<4.5 GeV2, the fractional momentum and energy distributions approximately scale. Distributions in transverse momentum display an interesting two-component behavior. They show no dependence on the virtual-photon "mass squared" Q2, and have average values typical of other hadron-initiated reactions. A comparison of our distributions with those seen in e+e− annihilation and neutrino-nucleon scattering shows agreement, in support of quark-parton fragmentation ideas. We further break these distributions down by event topology.
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