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TOPOLOGICAL CROSS SECTION FOR PI+ P INTERACTIONS.

TOPOLOGICAL CROSS SECTION FOR P P INTERACTIONS.

DISPERSION IS SQRT(MEAN(N**2)-MEAN(N)**2. CORRELATION PARAMETER IS MEAN(N(N-1)-MEAN(N)**2.

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Two-parameter fit. The matrix of correlation coeffocients.

Two-parameter fit. The matrix of correlation coeffocients.

Two-parameter fit. The matrix of correlation coeffocients.

The errors are statistical. Three-parameter fit.

The errors are statistical. Three-parameter fit.

Three-parameter fit. The matrix of correlation coeffocients.

Three-parameter fit. The matrix of correlation coeffocients.

The errors are statistical. Three-parameter fit.

Three-parameter fit. The matrix of correlation coeffocients.

The measured value of F2 and DSIG/DX for the SW data sample in the Q**2 range 15 to 30 GeV**2.

The measured value of F2 and DSIG/DX for the FD data sample in the Q**2 range 30 to 50 GeV**2.

The measured value of F2 and DSIG/DX for the FD data sample in the Q**2 range 50 to 150 GeV**2.

The measured value of F2 and DSIG/DX for the EE data sample in the Q**2 range 400 to 2350 GeV**2.

Statistical correlation between the bins for mean Q**2 value 12.1 GeV**2.

Statistical correlation between the bins for mean Q**2 value 19.9 GeV**2.

Statistical correlation between the bins for mean Q**2 value 39.7 GeV**2.

Statistical correlation between the bins for mean Q**2 value 76.4 GeV**2.

Statistical correlation between the bins for mean Q**2 value 780 GeV**2.

F2 and DSIG/DX over the full X range 0.10 to 0.60 as a function of Q**2.

Correlation matrix of negative systematic uncertainties.

Projections of the correlation function C.

Projections of the correlation function C.

Projections of the correlation function C.

Projections of the correlation function C.

Pion HBT radii for the 5% most central collisions.

Pion HBT radii for the 5% most central collisions from the STAR experiment at 200 GeV taken from Adams et al. PR C71(2005)044906.

Ratio of Pion HBT radii for the OUT projection to that for the SIDE projection for the 5% most central collisions.

Ratio of Pion HBT radii for the OUT projection to that for the SIDE projection for the 5% most central collisions from the STAR experiment at 200 GeV taken from Adams et al. PR C71(2005)044906.;.

Pion HBT radii at KT=0.3 for the 5% most central collisions as a function of the central charged multiplicity. Data from other experiments is shown for comparison.

Product of the three HBT radii at KT=0.3 for the 5% most central collisions as a function of the central charged multiplicity. Data from other experiments is shown for comparison.

The decoupling time extracted from R_long(KT) as a function of the central charged multiplicity. Data from other experiments is shown for comparison.

V1Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 0-2% having the associated particle PT in the range 0.25-0.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V1Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 0-2% having the associated particle PT in the range 1-1.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V1Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 0-10% having the associated particle PT in the range 0.25-0.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V1Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 0-10% having the associated particle PT in the range 1-1.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V1Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 0-10% having the associated particle PT in the range 2-2.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V1Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 40-50% having the associated particle PT in the range 0.25-0.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V1Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 40-50% having the associated particle PT in the range 1-1.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V1Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 40-50% having the associated particle PT in the range 2-2.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V2Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 0-2% having the associated particle PT in the range 0.25-0.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V2Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 0-2% having the associated particle PT in the range 1-1.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V2Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 0-10% having the associated particle PT in the range 0.25-0.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V2Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 0-10% having the associated particle PT in the range 1-1.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V2Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 0-10% having the associated particle PT in the range 2-2.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V2Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 40-50% having the associated particle PT in the range 0.25-0.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V2Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 40-50% having the associated particle PT in the range 1-1.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V2Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 40-50% having the associated particle PT in the range 2-2.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V3Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 0-2% having the associated particle PT in the range 0.25-0.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V3Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 0-2% having the associated particle PT in the range 1-1.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V3Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 0-10% having the associated particle PT in the range 0.25-0.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V3Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 0-10% having the associated particle PT in the range 1-1.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V3Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 0-10% having the associated particle PT in the range 2-2.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V3Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 40-50% having the associated particle PT in the range 0.25-0.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V3Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 40-50% having the associated particle PT in the range 1-1.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V3Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 40-50% having the associated particle PT in the range 2-2.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V4Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 0-2% having the associated particle PT in the range 0.25-0.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V4Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 0-2% having the associated particle PT in the range 1-1.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V4Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 0-10% having the associated particle PT in the range 0.25-0.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V4Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 0-10% having the associated particle PT in the range 1-1.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V4Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 0-10% having the associated particle PT in the range 2-2.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V4Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 40-50% having the associated particle PT in the range 0.25-0.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V4Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 40-50% having the associated particle PT in the range 1-1.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V4Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 40-50% having the associated particle PT in the range 2-2.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V5Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 0-2% having the associated particle PT in the range 0.25-0.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V5Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 0-2% having the associated particle PT in the range 1-1.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V5Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 0-10% having the associated particle PT in the range 0.25-0.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V5Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 0-10% having the associated particle PT in the range 1-1.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V5Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 0-10% having the associated particle PT in the range 2-2.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V5Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 40-50% having the associated particle PT in the range 0.25-0.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V5Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 40-50% having the associated particle PT in the range 1-1.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V5Delta coefficients as a function of the trigger particle PT for events in the centrality class 40-50% having the associated particle PT in the range 2-2.5 GeV. Note that in the paper the data are plotted multiplied by 100.

V1Delta for all pt combinations for the centrality classes 0-10% and 40-50%.

V2Delta for all pt combinations for the centrality classes 0-10% and 40-50%.

V3Delta for all pt combinations for the centrality classes 0-10% and 40-50%.

V4Delta for all pt combinations for the centrality classes 0-10% and 40-50%.

V5Delta for all pt combinations for the centrality classes 0-10% and 40-50%.

The global fit paramter v_2{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 0-2%.

The global fit paramter v_2{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 2-10%.

The global fit paramter v_2{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 10-20%.

The global fit paramter v_2{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 20-30%.

The global fit paramter v_2{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 30-40%.

The global fit paramter v_2{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 40-50%.

The global fit paramter v_3{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 0-2%.

The global fit paramter v_3{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 2-10%.

The global fit paramter v_3{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 10-20%.

The global fit paramter v_3{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 20-30%.

The global fit paramter v_3{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 30-40%.

The global fit paramter v_3{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 40-50%.

The global fit paramter v_4{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 0-2%.

The global fit paramter v_4{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 2-10%.

The global fit paramter v_4{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 10-20%.

The global fit paramter v_4{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 20-30%.

The global fit paramter v_4{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 30-40%.

The global fit paramter v_4{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 40-50%.

The global fit paramter v_5{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 0-2%.

The global fit paramter v_5{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 2-10%.

The global fit paramter v_5{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 10-20%.

The global fit paramter v_5{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 20-30%.

The global fit paramter v_5{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 30-40%.

The global fit paramter v_5{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 40-50%.

The global fit paramter v_1{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-5 GeV/c for the centrality class 0-20%.

The global fit paramter v_1{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-5 GeV/c for the centrality class 40-50%.

The global fit paramter v_2{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-5 GeV/c for the centrality class 0-20%.

The global fit paramter v_2{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-5 GeV/c for the centrality class 40-50%.

The global fit paramter v_3{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-5 GeV/c for the centrality class 0-20%.

The global fit paramter v_3{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-5 GeV/c for the centrality class 40-50%.

The global fit paramter v_4{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-5 GeV/c for the centrality class 0-20%.

The global fit paramter v_4{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-5 GeV/c for the centrality class 40-50%.

The global fit paramter v_5{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-5 GeV/c for the centrality class 0-20%.

The global fit paramter v_5{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-5 GeV/c for the centrality class 40-50%.

The global fit paramter v_1{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 5-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 0-20%.

The global fit paramter v_1{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 5-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 40-50%.

The global fit paramter v_2{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 5-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 0-20%.

The global fit paramter v_2{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 5-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 40-50%.

The global fit paramter v_3{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 5-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 0-20%.

The global fit paramter v_3{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 5-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 40-50%.

The global fit paramter v_4{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 5-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 0-20%.

The global fit paramter v_4{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 5-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 40-50%.

The global fit paramter v_5{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 5-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 0-20%.

The global fit paramter v_5{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 5-15 GeV/c for the centrality class 40-50%.

The global fit paramter v_1{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-1 GeV/c for the centrality class 0-10%.

The global fit paramter v_1{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-1 GeV/c for the centrality class 40-50%.

The global fit paramter v_2{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-1 GeV/c for the centrality class 0-10%.

The global fit paramter v_2{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 0.25-1 GeV/c for the centrality class 40-50%.

The global fit paramter v_1{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 2-4 GeV/c for the centrality class 0-10%.

The global fit paramter v_1{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 2-4 GeV/c for the centrality class 40-50%.

The global fit paramter v_2{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 2-4 GeV/c for the centrality class 0-10%.

The global fit paramter v_2{GF} vs. the trigger particle PT for fit range of 2-4 GeV/c for the centrality class 40-50%.

FIG. 1. (Color online) Perspective views of $2 \mathrm{D}$ charge-independent angular correlations $\Delta \rho / \sqrt{\rho_{\mathrm{ref}}}$ on $\left(\eta_{\Delta}, \phi_{\Delta}\right)$ for Au-Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{N N}}=200$ and $62 \mathrm{GeV}$ (top and bottom rows, respectively). Centrality increases left to right from most peripheral to most central. Corrected total cross-section fractions are (left to right) $84 \%-93 \%, 55 \%-64 \%, 18 \%-28 \%,$ and $0 \%-5 \%$ for the $200-\mathrm{GeV}$ data and $84 \%-95 \%, 56 \%-65 \%$ $18 \%-28 \%,$ and $0 \%-5 \%$ for the $62 \mathrm{GeV}$ data (see Tables III and IV).

FIG. 1. (Color online) Perspective views of $2 \mathrm{D}$ charge-independent angular correlations $\Delta \rho / \sqrt{\rho_{\mathrm{ref}}}$ on $\left(\eta_{\Delta}, \phi_{\Delta}\right)$ for Au-Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{N N}}=200$ and $62 \mathrm{GeV}$ (top and bottom rows, respectively). Centrality increases left to right from most peripheral to most central. Corrected total cross-section fractions are (left to right) $84 \%-93 \%, 55 \%-64 \%, 18 \%-28 \%,$ and $0 \%-5 \%$ for the $200-\mathrm{GeV}$ data and $84 \%-95 \%, 56 \%-65 \%$ $18 \%-28 \%,$ and $0 \%-5 \%$ for the $62 \mathrm{GeV}$ data (see Tables III and IV).

FIG. 1. (Color online) Perspective views of $2 \mathrm{D}$ charge-independent angular correlations $\Delta \rho / \sqrt{\rho_{\mathrm{ref}}}$ on $\left(\eta_{\Delta}, \phi_{\Delta}\right)$ for Au-Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{N N}}=200$ and $62 \mathrm{GeV}$ (top and bottom rows, respectively). Centrality increases left to right from most peripheral to most central. Corrected total cross-section fractions are (left to right) $84 \%-93 \%, 55 \%-64 \%, 18 \%-28 \%,$ and $0 \%-5 \%$ for the $200-\mathrm{GeV}$ data and $84 \%-95 \%, 56 \%-65 \%$ $18 \%-28 \%,$ and $0 \%-5 \%$ for the $62 \mathrm{GeV}$ data (see Tables III and IV).

FIG. 1. (Color online) Perspective views of $2 \mathrm{D}$ charge-independent angular correlations $\Delta \rho / \sqrt{\rho_{\mathrm{ref}}}$ on $\left(\eta_{\Delta}, \phi_{\Delta}\right)$ for Au-Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{N N}}=200$ and $62 \mathrm{GeV}$ (top and bottom rows, respectively). Centrality increases left to right from most peripheral to most central. Corrected total cross-section fractions are (left to right) $84 \%-93 \%, 55 \%-64 \%, 18 \%-28 \%,$ and $0 \%-5 \%$ for the $200-\mathrm{GeV}$ data and $84 \%-95 \%, 56 \%-65 \%$ $18 \%-28 \%,$ and $0 \%-5 \%$ for the $62 \mathrm{GeV}$ data (see Tables III and IV).

FIG. 1. (Color online) Perspective views of $2 \mathrm{D}$ charge-independent angular correlations $\Delta \rho / \sqrt{\rho_{\mathrm{ref}}}$ on $\left(\eta_{\Delta}, \phi_{\Delta}\right)$ for Au-Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{N N}}=200$ and $62 \mathrm{GeV}$ (top and bottom rows, respectively). Centrality increases left to right from most peripheral to most central. Corrected total cross-section fractions are (left to right) $84 \%-93 \%, 55 \%-64 \%, 18 \%-28 \%,$ and $0 \%-5 \%$ for the $200-\mathrm{GeV}$ data and $84 \%-95 \%, 56 \%-65 \%$ $18 \%-28 \%,$ and $0 \%-5 \%$ for the $62 \mathrm{GeV}$ data (see Tables III and IV).

FIG. 2. (Color online) Fit decomposition of the $46 \%-56 \%$ centrality data for 62 -GeV Au-Au collisions. The top panels show from left to right the corrected data, model fit, fit residuals (data - model), and same-side 2D Gaussian. The bottom panels similarly show the away-side azimuth dipole, the nonjet azimuth quadrupole, the 1D $\eta_{\Delta}$ Gaussian, and the 2D exponential. This centrality is just below the sharp transition at $v_{\text {trans }}=3$. Fit residuals (c) are scaled up eightfold relative to the data.

FIG. 3. Fit parameters for $\left(\eta_{\Delta}, \phi_{\Delta}\right)$ correlation data from Au-Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{N N}}=62$ (open symbols) and 200 GeV (solid symbols) versus centrality measure $\nu$ computed at fixed energy $(200 \mathrm{GeV})$. The SS $2 \mathrm{D}$ Gaussian amplitudes, $\eta_{\Delta}$ widths, and $\phi_{\Delta}$ widths are shown in the left, center, and right panels, respectively of the top row. The bottom row shows from left to right the amplitudes for the dipole, quadrupole, and SS peak width aspect ratio $\sigma_{\eta_{\Delta}} / \sigma_{\phi_{\Delta}} .$ Fitting errors are indicated by error bars where larger than the symbols. Solid lines connect the points for clarity. The dotted and dashed curves indicate Glauber linear superposition estimates for 62 - and 200 -GeV peak amplitudes respectively, as discussed in the text. The quadrupole data are consistent with Ref. [60]. The hatched regions indicate the full range of systematic uncertainties listed in Appendix F. The vertical dark bands indicate estimated $v$ equivalents for $N-N$ collisions and $b=0$ Au-Au collisions.

FIG. 3. Fit parameters for $\left(\eta_{\Delta}, \phi_{\Delta}\right)$ correlation data from Au-Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{N N}}=62$ (open symbols) and 200 GeV (solid symbols) versus centrality measure $\nu$ computed at fixed energy $(200 \mathrm{GeV})$. The SS $2 \mathrm{D}$ Gaussian amplitudes, $\eta_{\Delta}$ widths, and $\phi_{\Delta}$ widths are shown in the left, center, and right panels, respectively of the top row. The bottom row shows from left to right the amplitudes for the dipole, quadrupole, and SS peak width aspect ratio $\sigma_{\eta_{\Delta}} / \sigma_{\phi_{\Delta}} .$ Fitting errors are indicated by error bars where larger than the symbols. Solid lines connect the points for clarity. The dotted and dashed curves indicate Glauber linear superposition estimates for 62 - and 200 -GeV peak amplitudes respectively, as discussed in the text. The quadrupole data are consistent with Ref. [60]. The hatched regions indicate the full range of systematic uncertainties listed in Appendix F. The vertical dark bands indicate estimated $v$ equivalents for $N-N$ collisions and $b=0$ Au-Au collisions.

FIG. 3. Fit parameters for $\left(\eta_{\Delta}, \phi_{\Delta}\right)$ correlation data from Au-Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{N N}}=62$ (open symbols) and 200 GeV (solid symbols) versus centrality measure $\nu$ computed at fixed energy $(200 \mathrm{GeV})$. The SS $2 \mathrm{D}$ Gaussian amplitudes, $\eta_{\Delta}$ widths, and $\phi_{\Delta}$ widths are shown in the left, center, and right panels, respectively of the top row. The bottom row shows from left to right the amplitudes for the dipole, quadrupole, and SS peak width aspect ratio $\sigma_{\eta_{\Delta}} / \sigma_{\phi_{\Delta}} .$ Fitting errors are indicated by error bars where larger than the symbols. Solid lines connect the points for clarity. The dotted and dashed curves indicate Glauber linear superposition estimates for 62 - and 200 -GeV peak amplitudes respectively, as discussed in the text. The quadrupole data are consistent with Ref. [60]. The hatched regions indicate the full range of systematic uncertainties listed in Appendix F. The vertical dark bands indicate estimated $v$ equivalents for $N-N$ collisions and $b=0$ Au-Au collisions.

FIG. 3. Fit parameters for $\left(\eta_{\Delta}, \phi_{\Delta}\right)$ correlation data from Au-Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{N N}}=62$ (open symbols) and 200 GeV (solid symbols) versus centrality measure $\nu$ computed at fixed energy $(200 \mathrm{GeV})$. The SS $2 \mathrm{D}$ Gaussian amplitudes, $\eta_{\Delta}$ widths, and $\phi_{\Delta}$ widths are shown in the left, center, and right panels, respectively of the top row. The bottom row shows from left to right the amplitudes for the dipole, quadrupole, and SS peak width aspect ratio $\sigma_{\eta_{\Delta}} / \sigma_{\phi_{\Delta}} .$ Fitting errors are indicated by error bars where larger than the symbols. Solid lines connect the points for clarity. The dotted and dashed curves indicate Glauber linear superposition estimates for 62 - and 200 -GeV peak amplitudes respectively, as discussed in the text. The quadrupole data are consistent with Ref. [60]. The hatched regions indicate the full range of systematic uncertainties listed in Appendix F. The vertical dark bands indicate estimated $v$ equivalents for $N-N$ collisions and $b=0$ Au-Au collisions.

FIG. 3. Fit parameters for $\left(\eta_{\Delta}, \phi_{\Delta}\right)$ correlation data from Au-Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{N N}}=62$ (open symbols) and 200 GeV (solid symbols) versus centrality measure $\nu$ computed at fixed energy $(200 \mathrm{GeV})$. The SS $2 \mathrm{D}$ Gaussian amplitudes, $\eta_{\Delta}$ widths, and $\phi_{\Delta}$ widths are shown in the left, center, and right panels, respectively of the top row. The bottom row shows from left to right the amplitudes for the dipole, quadrupole, and SS peak width aspect ratio $\sigma_{\eta_{\Delta}} / \sigma_{\phi_{\Delta}} .$ Fitting errors are indicated by error bars where larger than the symbols. Solid lines connect the points for clarity. The dotted and dashed curves indicate Glauber linear superposition estimates for 62 - and 200 -GeV peak amplitudes respectively, as discussed in the text. The quadrupole data are consistent with Ref. [60]. The hatched regions indicate the full range of systematic uncertainties listed in Appendix F. The vertical dark bands indicate estimated $v$ equivalents for $N-N$ collisions and $b=0$ Au-Au collisions.

FIG. 3. Fit parameters for $\left(\eta_{\Delta}, \phi_{\Delta}\right)$ correlation data from Au-Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{N N}}=62$ (open symbols) and 200 GeV (solid symbols) versus centrality measure $\nu$ computed at fixed energy $(200 \mathrm{GeV})$. The SS $2 \mathrm{D}$ Gaussian amplitudes, $\eta_{\Delta}$ widths, and $\phi_{\Delta}$ widths are shown in the left, center, and right panels, respectively of the top row. The bottom row shows from left to right the amplitudes for the dipole, quadrupole, and SS peak width aspect ratio $\sigma_{\eta_{\Delta}} / \sigma_{\phi_{\Delta}} .$ Fitting errors are indicated by error bars where larger than the symbols. Solid lines connect the points for clarity. The dotted and dashed curves indicate Glauber linear superposition estimates for 62 - and 200 -GeV peak amplitudes respectively, as discussed in the text. The quadrupole data are consistent with Ref. [60]. The hatched regions indicate the full range of systematic uncertainties listed in Appendix F. The vertical dark bands indicate estimated $v$ equivalents for $N-N$ collisions and $b=0$ Au-Au collisions.

FIG. 4. (Color online) (a) 2D data histogram from $0 \%-5 \%$ central 200 GeV Au-Au collisions $[(0,0)$ bin suppressed]. (b) Additional model component fitted to the $2 \mathrm{D}$ histogram and consisting of an AS azimuth dipole modulated by function $F\left(\eta_{\Delta}\right)$ described in the text. (c) Fit residuals including the new model component. (d) Data histogram in the first panel minus the additional model component and fitted offset. Remaining structure is described accurately by an AS dipole and SS 2D Gaussian.

FIG. 9. (a) Amplitude of SS 2D peak (jet-correlated pairs per final-state hadron) for data (solid points), GLS extrapolation from $p$ - $p$ data (dashed curve) and from the HIJING Monte Carlo (open points, dotted curve). (b) Single-particle production extrapolated from $p-p$ data (dashed curve, GLS), and from more-central Au-Au data (solid line) and HIJING (dash-dotted line, open points). (c) Single-particle hard-component production per $N-N$ binary collision from $p-p$ data, from more-central Au-Au data and from HIJING (open points). (d) Jet-correlated pair production (SS 2D peak) per $N-N$ binary collision extrapolated from $p-p$ data (GLS), and from Au-Au data (solid points) and HIJING (open points).

FIG. 9. (a) Amplitude of SS 2D peak (jet-correlated pairs per final-state hadron) for data (solid points), GLS extrapolation from $p$ - $p$ data (dashed curve) and from the HIJING Monte Carlo (open points, dotted curve). (b) Single-particle production extrapolated from $p-p$ data (dashed curve, GLS), and from more-central Au-Au data (solid line) and HIJING (dash-dotted line, open points). (c) Single-particle hard-component production per $N-N$ binary collision from $p-p$ data, from more-central Au-Au data and from HIJING (open points). (d) Jet-correlated pair production (SS 2D peak) per $N-N$ binary collision extrapolated from $p-p$ data (GLS), and from Au-Au data (solid points) and HIJING (open points).

FIG. 9. (a) Amplitude of SS 2D peak (jet-correlated pairs per final-state hadron) for data (solid points), GLS extrapolation from $p$ - $p$ data (dashed curve) and from the HIJING Monte Carlo (open points, dotted curve). (b) Single-particle production extrapolated from $p-p$ data (dashed curve, GLS), and from more-central Au-Au data (solid line) and HIJING (dash-dotted line, open points). (c) Single-particle hard-component production per $N-N$ binary collision from $p-p$ data, from more-central Au-Au data and from HIJING (open points). (d) Jet-correlated pair production (SS 2D peak) per $N-N$ binary collision extrapolated from $p-p$ data (GLS), and from Au-Au data (solid points) and HIJING (open points).

FIG. 9. (a) Amplitude of SS 2D peak (jet-correlated pairs per final-state hadron) for data (solid points), GLS extrapolation from $p$ - $p$ data (dashed curve) and from the HIJING Monte Carlo (open points, dotted curve). (b) Single-particle production extrapolated from $p-p$ data (dashed curve, GLS), and from more-central Au-Au data (solid line) and HIJING (dash-dotted line, open points). (c) Single-particle hard-component production per $N-N$ binary collision from $p-p$ data, from more-central Au-Au data and from HIJING (open points). (d) Jet-correlated pair production (SS 2D peak) per $N-N$ binary collision extrapolated from $p-p$ data (GLS), and from Au-Au data (solid points) and HIJING (open points).

FIG. 11. (Color online) (Left) Uncorrected angular correlations from 62-GeV $37 \%-46 \%$ central Au-Au collisions showing pileup distortions, especially evident as the W-shaped nonuniformity of the AS ridge on $\eta_{\Delta}$. (Right) The same data with pileup correction applied.

Sample correlations in $\Delta\phi$ ($|\Delta\eta|<$ 1.78) for 3 $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ $<$ 6 GeV/$c$ and 1.5 GeV/$c$ $<$ $p_T^{associated}$ $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ for 0-60% Cu+Cu at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 62.4 GeV, 0-80% Au+Au at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 62.4 GeV, 0-95% $d$+Au at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV, 0-60% Cu+Cu at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV, 40-80% Au+Au at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV, and 0-12% central Au+Au at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV. The data are averaged between positive and negative $\Delta\phi$ and reflected in the plot.

Background subtracted sample correlations for 3 $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ $<$ 6 GeV/$c$ and 1.5 GeV/$c$ $<$ $p_T^{associated}$ $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ on the near-side for 0-60% Cu+Cu at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 62.4 GeV, 0-80% Au+Au at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 62.4 GeV, 0-95% $d$+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV, 0-60% Cu+Cu at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV, 40-80% Au+Au at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV and 0-12% central Au+Au at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV. The dependence of the jet-like correlation is shown as a function of $\Delta\eta$ ($|\Delta\phi|<$ 0.78). The data are averaged between positive and negative $\Delta\eta$.

Background subtracted sample correlations for 3 $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ $<$ 6 GeV/$c$ and 1.5 GeV/$c$ $<$ $p_T^{associated}$ $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ on the near-side for 0-60% Cu+Cu at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 62.4 GeV, 0-80% Au+Au at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 62.4 GeV, 0-95% $d$+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV, 0-60% Cu+Cu at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV, 40-80% Au+Au at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV and 0-12% central Au+Au at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV. The dependence of the jet-like correlation is shown as a function of $\Delta\phi$ ($|\Delta\eta|<$ 1.78). The data are averaged between positive and negative $\Delta\phi$.

Dependence of jet-like yield on $N_{part}$ for 3 $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ $<$ 6 GeV/$c$ and 1.5 GeV/$c$ $<$ $p_T^{associated}$ $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ for Cu+Cu at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 62.4 GeV. 5% systematic error due to the uncertainty on the associated particle's efficiency is not shown.

Dependence of jet-like yield on $N_{part}$ for 3 $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ $<$ 6 GeV/$c$ and 1.5 GeV/$c$ $<$ $p_T^{associated}$ $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ for Au+Au at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 62.4 GeV. 5% systematic error due to the uncertainty on the associated particle's efficiency is not shown.

Dependence of jet-like yield on $N_{part}$ for 3 $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ $<$ 6 GeV/$c$ and 1.5 GeV/$c$ $<$ $p_T^{associated}$ $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ for $d$+Au at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV. 5% systematic error due to the uncertainty on the associated particle's efficiency is not shown.

Dependence of jet-like yield on $N_{part}$ for 3 $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ $<$ 6 GeV/$c$ and 1.5 GeV/$c$ $<$ $p_T^{associated}$ $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ for Cu+Cu at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV. 5% systematic error due to the uncertainty on the associated particle's efficiency is not shown.

Dependence of jet-like yield on $N_{part}$ for 3 $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ $<$ 6 GeV/$c$ and 1.5 GeV/$c$ $<$ $p_T^{associated}$ $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ for Au+Au at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV. 5% systematic error due to the uncertainty on the associated particle's efficiency is not shown.

Dependence of jet-like yield on $p_T^{\mathrm{trigger}}$ for 0-60% Cu+Cu at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 62.4 GeV, 0-80% Au+Au at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 62.4 GeV, 0-95% $d$+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV, 0-60% Cu+Cu at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV, 40-80% Au+Au at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV and 0-12% central Au+Au at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV. The 5% systematic error due to the uncertainty on the associated particle's efficiency is not shown.

Dependence of jet-like yield on $p_T^{\mathrm{associated}}$ for 3 $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ $<$ 6 GeV/$c$ for 0-60% Cu+Cu and 0-80% Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 62.4 GeV and 0-95% $d$+Au, 0-60% Cu+Cu, 0-12% Au+Au and 40-80% Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV. The 5% systematic error due to the uncertainty on the associated particle's efficiency is not shown.

Dependence of the widths in $\Delta\phi$ on $p_T^{\mathrm{trigger}}$ for 1.5 GeV/$c$ $<$ $p_T^{associated}$ $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ for 0-95% $d$+Au, 0-60% Cu+Cu at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 62.4 GeV and $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV, 0-80% Au+Au at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 62.4 GeV, and 0-12% and 40-80% Au+Au at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV.

Dependence of the widths in $\Delta\phi$ on $p_T^{\mathrm{associated}}$ for 3 $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ $<$ 6 GeV/$c$ for 0-95% $d$+Au, 0-60% Cu+Cu at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 62.4 GeV and $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV, 0-80% Au+Au at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 62.4 GeV, and 0-12% and 40-80% Au+Au at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV.

Dependence of the widths in $\Delta\phi$ on $N_{part}$ for 3 $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ $<$ 6 GeV/$c$ and 1.5 GeV/$c$ $<$ $p_T^{associated}$ $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ for 0-60% Cu+Cu at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 62.4 GeV.

Dependence of the widths in $\Delta\phi$ on $N_{part}$ for 3 $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ $<$ 6 GeV/$c$ and 1.5 GeV/$c$ $<$ $p_T^{associated}$ $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ for 0-80% Au+Au at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 62.4 GeV.

Dependence of the widths in $\Delta\phi$ on $N_{part}$ for 3 $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ $<$ 6 GeV/$c$ and 1.5 GeV/$c$ $<$ $p_T^{associated}$ $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ for 0-95% $d$+Au at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV.

Dependence of the widths in $\Delta\phi$ on $N_{part}$ for 3 $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ $<$ 6 GeV/$c$ and 1.5 GeV/$c$ $<$ $p_T^{associated}$ $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ for 0-60% Cu+Cu at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV.

Dependence of the widths in $\Delta\phi$ on $N_{part}$ for 3 $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ $<$ 6 GeV/$c$ and 1.5 GeV/$c$ $<$ $p_T^{associated}$ $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ for Au+Au at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV.

Dependence of the widths in $\Delta\eta$ on $p_T^{\mathrm{trigger}}$ for 1.5 GeV/$c$ $<$ $p_T^{associated}$ $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ for 0-95% $d$+Au, 0-60% Cu+Cu at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 62.4 GeV and $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV, 0-80% Au+Au at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 62.4 GeV, and 0-12% and 40-80% Au+Au at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV.

Dependence of the widths in $\Delta\eta$ on $p_T^{\mathrm{associated}}$ for 3 $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ $<$ 6 GeV/$c$ for 0-95% $d$+Au, 0-60% Cu+Cu at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 62.4 GeV and $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV, 0-80% Au+Au at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 62.4 GeV, and 0-12% and 40-80% Au+Au at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV.

Dependence of the widths in $\Delta\eta$ on $N_{part}$ for 3 $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ $<$ 6 GeV/$c$ and 1.5 GeV/$c$ $<$ $p_T^{associated}$ $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ for 0-60% Cu+Cu at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 62.4 GeV.

Dependence of the widths in $\Delta\eta$ on $N_{part}$ for 3 $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ $<$ 6 GeV/$c$ and 1.5 GeV/$c$ $<$ $p_T^{associated}$ $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ for 0-80% Au+Au at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 62.4 GeV.

Dependence of the widths in $\Delta\eta$ on $N_{part}$ for 3 $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ $<$ 6 GeV/$c$ and 1.5 GeV/$c$ $<$ $p_T^{associated}$ $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ for 0-95% $d$+Au at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV.

Dependence of the widths in $\Delta\eta$ on $N_{part}$ for 3 $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ $<$ 6 GeV/$c$ and 1.5 GeV/$c$ $<$ $p_T^{associated}$ $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ for 0-60% Cu+Cu at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV.

Dependence of the widths in $\Delta\eta$ on $N_{part}$ for 3 $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ $<$ 6 GeV/$c$ and 1.5 GeV/$c$ $<$ $p_T^{associated}$ $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ for Au+Au at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV.

Dependence of ridge yield on $N_{part}$ for 3 $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ $<$ 6 GeV/$c$ and 1.5 GeV/$c$ $<$ $p_T^{associated}$ $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ for Cu+Cu at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 62.4 GeV.

Dependence of ridge yield on $N_{part}$ for 3 $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ $<$ 6 GeV/$c$ and 1.5 GeV/$c$ $<$ $p_T^{associated}$ $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ for Au+Au at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 62.4 GeV.

Dependence of ridge yield on $N_{part}$ for 3 $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ $<$ 6 GeV/$c$ and 1.5 GeV/$c$ $<$ $p_T^{associated}$ $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ for Cu+Cu at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV.

Dependence of ridge yield on $N_{part}$ for 3 $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ $<$ 6 GeV/$c$ and 1.5 GeV/$c$ $<$ $p_T^{associated}$ $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ for Au+Au at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV.

Ratio of the ridge and jet-like yields on $N_{part}$ for 3 $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ $<$ 6 GeV/$c$ and 1.5 GeV/$c$ $<$ $p_T^{associated}$ $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ for Cu+Cu at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 62.4 GeV.

Ratio of the ridge and jet-like yields on $N_{part}$ for 3 $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ $<$ 6 GeV/$c$ and 1.5 GeV/$c$ $<$ $p_T^{associated}$ $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ for Au+Au at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 62.4 GeV.

Ratio of the ridge and jet-like yields on $N_{part}$ for 3 $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ $<$ 6 GeV/$c$ and 1.5 GeV/$c$ $<$ $p_T^{associated}$ $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ for Cu+Cu at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV.

Ratio of the ridge and jet-like yields on $N_{part}$ for 3 $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ $<$ 6 GeV/$c$ and 1.5 GeV/$c$ $<$ $p_T^{associated}$ $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ for Au+Au at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV.

Dependence of $V_{3\Delta}/V_{2\Delta}$ on $N_{part}$ for 3 $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ $<$ 6 GeV/$c$ and 1.5 GeV/$c$ $<$ $p_T^{associated}$ $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ for Cu+Cu at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 62.4 GeV.

Dependence of $V_{3\Delta}/V_{2\Delta}$ on $N_{part}$ for 3 $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ $<$ 6 GeV/$c$ and 1.5 GeV/$c$ $<$ $p_T^{associated}$ $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ for Au+Au at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 62.4 GeV.

Dependence of $V_{3\Delta}/V_{2\Delta}$ on $N_{part}$ for 3 $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ $<$ 6 GeV/$c$ and 1.5 GeV/$c$ $<$ $p_T^{associated}$ $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ for $d$+Au at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV.

Dependence of $V_{3\Delta}/V_{2\Delta}$ on $N_{part}$ for 3 $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ $<$ 6 GeV/$c$ and 1.5 GeV/$c$ $<$ $p_T^{associated}$ $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ for Cu+Cu at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV.

Dependence of $V_{3\Delta}/V_{2\Delta}$ on $N_{part}$ for 3 $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ $<$ 6 GeV/$c$ and 1.5 GeV/$c$ $<$ $p_T^{associated}$ $<$ $p_T^{trigger}$ for Au+Au at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV.