An example of the measured energy distribution in a single OHCal tower, showing the MIP distribution from a GEANT-4 simulation of cosmic-ray muons from EcoMug.

$\frac{dE_T}{d\eta}$ measurements in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{_{NN}}} = 200$ GeV over the pseudorapidity range $\left|\eta\right| < 1.1$.

Measurement of $\frac{dE_T}{d\eta}$ in 0-5% central Au+Au events as a function of $\eta$ over the range $\left|\eta\right| < 1.1$.

Measured $\frac{dE_T}{d\eta}$ normalized by the estimated number of participant pairs ($0.5$$N_{part}$), as a function of $N_{part}$, using the full calorimeter system.

Measured $\frac{dE_T}{d\eta}$ normalized by the estimated number of participant pairs ($0.5$$N_{part}$), as a function of $N_{part}$, predictions from AMPT.

Measured $\frac{dE_T}{d\eta}$ normalized by the estimated number of participant pairs ($0.5$$N_{part}$), as a function of $N_{part}$, predictions from EPOS.

Measured $\frac{dE_T}{d\eta}$ normalized by the estimated number of participant pairs ($0.5$$N_{part}$), as a function of $N_{part}$, predictions from HIJING.

$p_{T}$ dependence of $v_{2}$ for $\pi^{+}$ in Au+Au collisions at 3.9 GeV

$p_{T}$ dependence of $v_{2}$ for $\pi^{+}$ in Au+Au collisions at 4.5 GeV

$p_{T}$ dependence of $v_{2}$ for $\pi^{-}$ in Au+Au collisions at 3 GeV

$p_{T}$ dependence of $v_{2}$ for $\pi^{-}$ in Au+Au collisions at 3.2 GeV

$p_{T}$ dependence of $v_{2}$ for $\pi^{-}$ in Au+Au collisions at 3.5 GeV

$p_{T}$ dependence of $v_{2}$ for $\pi^{-}$ in Au+Au collisions at 3.9 GeV

$p_{T}$ dependence of $v_{2}$ for $\pi^{-}$ in Au+Au collisions at 4.5 GeV

$p_{T}$ dependence of $v_{2}$ for $K^{+}$ in Au+Au collisions at 3 GeV

$p_{T}$ dependence of $v_{2}$ for $K^{+}$ in Au+Au collisions at 3.2 GeV

$p_{T}$ dependence of $v_{2}$ for $K^{+}$ in Au+Au collisions at 3.5 GeV

$p_{T}$ dependence of $v_{2}$ for $K^{+}$ in Au+Au collisions at 3.9 GeV

$p_{T}$ dependence of $v_{2}$ for $K^{+}$ in Au+Au collisions at 4.5 GeV

$p_{T}$ dependence of $v_{2}$ for $K^{-}$ in Au+Au collisions at 3 GeV

$p_{T}$ dependence of $v_{2}$ for $K^{-}$ in Au+Au collisions at 3.2 GeV

$p_{T}$ dependence of $v_{2}$ for $K^{-}$ in Au+Au collisions at 3.5 GeV

$p_{T}$ dependence of $v_{2}$ for $K^{-}$ in Au+Au collisions at 3.9 GeV

$p_{T}$ dependence of $v_{2}$ for $K^{-}$ in Au+Au collisions at 4.5 GeV

$p_{T}$ dependence of $v_{2}$ for $K^{0}_{S}$ in Au+Au collisions at 3 GeV

$p_{T}$ dependence of $v_{2}$ for $K^{0}_{S}$ in Au+Au collisions at 3.2 GeV

$p_{T}$ dependence of $v_{2}$ for $K^{0}_{S}$ in Au+Au collisions at 3.5 GeV

$p_{T}$ dependence of $v_{2}$ for $K^{0}_{S}$ in Au+Au collisions at 3.9 GeV

$p_{T}$ dependence of $v_{2}$ for $K^{0}_{S}$ in Au+Au collisions at 4.5 GeV

$p_{T}$ dependence of $v_{2}$ for $p$ in Au+Au collisions at 3 GeV

$p_{T}$ dependence of $v_{2}$ for $p$ in Au+Au collisions at 3.2 GeV

$p_{T}$ dependence of $v_{2}$ for $p$ in Au+Au collisions at 3.5 GeV

$p_{T}$ dependence of $v_{2}$ for $p$ in Au+Au collisions at 3.9 GeV

$p_{T}$ dependence of $v_{2}$ for $p$ in Au+Au collisions at 4.5 GeV

$p_{T}$ dependence of $v_{2}$ for $\Lambda$ in Au+Au collisions at 3 GeV

$p_{T}$ dependence of $v_{2}$ for $\Lambda$ in Au+Au collisions at 3.2 GeV

$p_{T}$ dependence of $v_{2}$ for $\Lambda$ in Au+Au collisions at 3.5 GeV

$p_{T}$ dependence of $v_{2}$ for $\Lambda$ in Au+Au collisions at 3.9 GeV

$p_{T}$ dependence of $v_{2}$ for $\Lambda$ in Au+Au collisions at 4.5 GeV

The number of constituent quarks $n_q$ scaled $v_2$ as a function of $n_q$ scaled transverse kinetic energy for $\pi^{+}$ at 3 GeV

The number of constituent quarks $n_q$ scaled $v_2$ as a function of $n_q$ scaled transverse kinetic energy for $\pi^{+}$ at 3.2 GeV

The number of constituent quarks $n_q$ scaled $v_2$ as a function of $n_q$ scaled transverse kinetic energy for $\pi^{+}$ at 3.5 GeV

The number of constituent quarks $n_q$ scaled $v_2$ as a function of $n_q$ scaled transverse kinetic energy for $\pi^{+}$ at 3.9 GeV

The number of constituent quarks $n_q$ scaled $v_2$ as a function of $n_q$ scaled transverse kinetic energy for $\pi^{+}$ at 4.5 GeV

The number of constituent quarks $n_q$ scaled $v_2$ as a function of $n_q$ scaled transverse kinetic energy for $\pi^{-}$ at 3 GeV

The number of constituent quarks $n_q$ scaled $v_2$ as a function of $n_q$ scaled transverse kinetic energy for $\pi^{-}$ at 3.2 GeV

The number of constituent quarks $n_q$ scaled $v_2$ as a function of $n_q$ scaled transverse kinetic energy for $\pi^{-}$ at 3.5 GeV

The number of constituent quarks $n_q$ scaled $v_2$ as a function of $n_q$ scaled transverse kinetic energy for $\pi^{-}$ at 3.9 GeV

The number of constituent quarks $n_q$ scaled $v_2$ as a function of $n_q$ scaled transverse kinetic energy for $\pi^{-}$ at 4.5 GeV

The number of constituent quarks $n_q$ scaled $v_2$ as a function of $n_q$ scaled transverse kinetic energy for $K^{+}$ at 3 GeV

The number of constituent quarks $n_q$ scaled $v_2$ as a function of $n_q$ scaled transverse kinetic energy for $K^{+}$ at 3.2 GeV

The number of constituent quarks $n_q$ scaled $v_2$ as a function of $n_q$ scaled transverse kinetic energy for $K^{+}$ at 3.5 GeV

The number of constituent quarks $n_q$ scaled $v_2$ as a function of $n_q$ scaled transverse kinetic energy for $K^{+}$ at 3.9 GeV

The number of constituent quarks $n_q$ scaled $v_2$ as a function of $n_q$ scaled transverse kinetic energy for $K^{+}$ at 4.5 GeV

The number of constituent quarks $n_q$ scaled $v_2$ as a function of $n_q$ scaled transverse kinetic energy for $K^{-}$ at 3 GeV

The number of constituent quarks $n_q$ scaled $v_2$ as a function of $n_q$ scaled transverse kinetic energy for $K^{-}$ at 3.2 GeV

The number of constituent quarks $n_q$ scaled $v_2$ as a function of $n_q$ scaled transverse kinetic energy for $K^{-}$ at 3.5 GeV

The number of constituent quarks $n_q$ scaled $v_2$ as a function of $n_q$ scaled transverse kinetic energy for $K^{-}$ at 3.9 GeV

The number of constituent quarks $n_q$ scaled $v_2$ as a function of $n_q$ scaled transverse kinetic energy for $K^{-}$ at 4.5 GeV

The number of constituent quarks $n_q$ scaled $v_2$ as a function of $n_q$ scaled transverse kinetic energy for $K^{0}_{S}$ at 3 GeV

The number of constituent quarks $n_q$ scaled $v_2$ as a function of $n_q$ scaled transverse kinetic energy for $K^{0}_{S}$ at 3.2 GeV

The number of constituent quarks $n_q$ scaled $v_2$ as a function of $n_q$ scaled transverse kinetic energy for $K^{0}_{S}$ at 3.5 GeV

The number of constituent quarks $n_q$ scaled $v_2$ as a function of $n_q$ scaled transverse kinetic energy for $K^{0}_{S}$ at 3.9 GeV

The number of constituent quarks $n_q$ scaled $v_2$ as a function of $n_q$ scaled transverse kinetic energy for $K^{0}_{S}$ at 4.5 GeV

The number of constituent quarks $n_q$ scaled $v_2$ as a function of $n_q$ scaled transverse kinetic energy for $p$ at 3 GeV

The number of constituent quarks $n_q$ scaled $v_2$ as a function of $n_q$ scaled transverse kinetic energy for $p$ at 3.2 GeV

The number of constituent quarks $n_q$ scaled $v_2$ as a function of $n_q$ scaled transverse kinetic energy for $p$ at 3.5 GeV

The number of constituent quarks $n_q$ scaled $v_2$ as a function of $n_q$ scaled transverse kinetic energy for $p$ at 3.9 GeV

The number of constituent quarks $n_q$ scaled $v_2$ as a function of $n_q$ scaled transverse kinetic energy for $p$ at 4.5 GeV

The number of constituent quarks $n_q$ scaled $v_2$ as a function of $n_q$ scaled transverse kinetic energy for $\Lambda$ at 3 GeV

The number of constituent quarks $n_q$ scaled $v_2$ as a function of $n_q$ scaled transverse kinetic energy for $\Lambda$ at 3.2 GeV

The number of constituent quarks $n_q$ scaled $v_2$ as a function of $n_q$ scaled transverse kinetic energy for $\Lambda$ at 3.5 GeV

The number of constituent quarks $n_q$ scaled $v_2$ as a function of $n_q$ scaled transverse kinetic energy for $\Lambda$ at 3.9 GeV

The number of constituent quarks $n_q$ scaled $v_2$ as a function of $n_q$ scaled transverse kinetic energy for $\Lambda$ at 4.5 GeV

The energy dependence of $p_T$ integrated $v_2$ for $\pi^{\pm}$, $K^{\pm}$, $K^{0}_{S}$, $p$, and $\Lambda$ in 10-40\% centrality from Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\text{NN}}}$ = 3.0, 3.2, 3.5, 3.9, and 4.5 GeV.

The energy dependence of $n_{q}$ scaled $v_{2}$ ratios of $v_{2}^{q}(\pi^{+}) / v_{2}^{q}(K^{+})$ and $v_{2}^{q}(p) / v_{2}^{q}(K^{+})$ at ($m_T - m_0$)/$n_q$ = 0.4 GeV/$c^2$

$r_{q}$, Gluon jets, $500~\text{GeV} \leq p_T < 600~\text{GeV}$, Gluon $\eta$, Fig 5

$r_{q}$, Gluon jets, $600~\text{GeV} \leq p_T < 800~\text{GeV}$, Gluon $\eta$, Fig 5

$r_{q}$, Gluon jets, $800~\text{GeV} \leq p_T < 1200~\text{GeV}$, Gluon $\eta$, Fig 5

$r_{q}$, Gluon jets, $1200~\text{GeV} \leq p_T < 2500~\text{GeV}$, Gluon $\eta$, Fig 5

$r_{q}$, Quark jets, $240\text{GeV} \leq p_T < 300~\text{GeV}$, Quark $\eta$, Fig 5

$r_{q}$, Quark jets, $300~\text{GeV} \leq p_T < 400~\text{GeV}$, Quark $\eta$, Fig 5

$r_{q}$, Quark jets, $400~\text{GeV} \leq p_T < 500~\text{GeV}$, Quark $\eta$, Fig 5

$r_{q}$, Quark jets, $500~\text{GeV} \leq p_T < 600~\text{GeV}$, Quark $\eta$, Fig 5

$r_{q}$, Quark jets, $600~\text{GeV} \leq p_T < 800~\text{GeV}$, Quark $\eta$, Fig 5

$r_{q}$, Quark jets, $800~\text{GeV} \leq p_T < 1200~\text{GeV}$, Quark $\eta$, Fig 5

$r_{q}$, Quark jets, $1200~\text{GeV} \leq p_T < 2500~\text{GeV}$, Quark $\eta$, Fig 5

$r_{q}$, mixed, $240\text{GeV} \leq p_T < 300~\text{GeV}$, Central $\eta$, Fig 1

$r_{q}$, mixed, $240\text{GeV} \leq p_T < 300~\text{GeV}$, Forward $\eta$, Fig 1

$r_{q}$, mixed, $300~\text{GeV} \leq p_T < 400~\text{GeV}$, Central $\eta$, Fig 1

$r_{q}$, mixed, $300~\text{GeV} \leq p_T < 400~\text{GeV}$, Forward $\eta$, Fig 1

$r_{q}$, mixed, $400~\text{GeV} \leq p_T < 500~\text{GeV}$, Central $\eta$, Fig 1

$r_{q}$, mixed, $400~\text{GeV} \leq p_T < 500~\text{GeV}$, Forward $\eta$, Fig 1

$r_{q}$, mixed, $500~\text{GeV} \leq p_T < 600~\text{GeV}$, Central $\eta$, Fig 1

$r_{q}$, mixed, $500~\text{GeV} \leq p_T < 600~\text{GeV}$, Forward $\eta$, Fig 1

$r_{q}$, mixed, $600~\text{GeV} \leq p_T < 800~\text{GeV}$, Central $\eta$, Fig 1

$r_{q}$, mixed, $600~\text{GeV} \leq p_T < 800~\text{GeV}$, Forward $\eta$, Fig 1

$Moment1$, 240\text{GeV} \leq p_T < 800~\text{GeV}, Central $\eta$, Fig 2(a)

$Moment1$, 240\text{GeV} \leq p_T < 800~\text{GeV}, Forward $\eta$, Fig 2(b)

$Moment1$, 240\text{GeV} \leq p_T < 800~\text{GeV}, Gluon $\eta$, Fig 6(a)

$Moment1$, 240\text{GeV} \leq p_T < 800~\text{GeV}, Quark $\eta$, Fig 6(b)

$Moment2$, 240\text{GeV} \leq p_T < 800~\text{GeV}, Central $\eta$, Fig 2(a)

$Moment2$, 240\text{GeV} \leq p_T < 800~\text{GeV}, Forward $\eta$, Fig 2(b)

$Moment2$, 240\text{GeV} \leq p_T < 800~\text{GeV}, Gluon $\eta$, Fig 6(a)

$Moment2$, 240\text{GeV} \leq p_T < 800~\text{GeV}, Quark $\eta$, Fig 6(b)

$Moment3$, 240\text{GeV} \leq p_T < 800~\text{GeV}, Central $\eta$, Fig 2(a)

$Moment3$, 240\text{GeV} \leq p_T < 800~\text{GeV}, Forward $\eta$, Fig 2(b)

$Moment3$, 240\text{GeV} \leq p_T < 800~\text{GeV}, Gluon $\eta$, Fig 6(a)

$Moment3$, 240\text{GeV} \leq p_T < 800~\text{GeV}, Quark $\eta$, Fig 6(b)

$Moment4$, 240\text{GeV} \leq p_T < 800~\text{GeV}, Central $\eta$, Fig 2(a)

$Moment4$, 240\text{GeV} \leq p_T < 800~\text{GeV}, Forward $\eta$, Fig 2(b)

$Moment4$, 240\text{GeV} \leq p_T < 800~\text{GeV}, Gluon $\eta$, Fig 6(a)

$Moment4$, 240\text{GeV} \leq p_T < 800~\text{GeV}, Quark $\eta$, Fig 6(b)

$Moment5$, 240\text{GeV} \leq p_T < 800~\text{GeV}, Central $\eta$, Fig 2(a)

$Moment5$, 240\text{GeV} \leq p_T < 800~\text{GeV}, Forward $\eta$, Fig 2(b)

$Moment5$, 240\text{GeV} \leq p_T < 800~\text{GeV}, Gluon $\eta$, Fig 6(a)

$Moment5$, 240\text{GeV} \leq p_T < 800~\text{GeV}, Quark $\eta$, Fig 6(b)

$Moment6$, 240\text{GeV} \leq p_T < 800~\text{GeV}, Central $\eta$, Fig 2(a)

$Moment6$, 240\text{GeV} \leq p_T < 800~\text{GeV}, Forward $\eta$, Fig 2(b)

$Moment6$, 240\text{GeV} \leq p_T < 800~\text{GeV}, Gluon $\eta$, Fig 6(a)

$Moment6$, 240\text{GeV} \leq p_T < 800~\text{GeV}, Quark $\eta$, Fig 6(b)

$Cumulant4$, 240\text{GeV} \leq p_T < 800~\text{GeV}, Central $\eta$, Fig 3(a)

$Cumulant5$, 240\text{GeV} \leq p_T < 800~\text{GeV}, Central $\eta$, Fig 3(b)

$Cumulant6$, 240\text{GeV} \leq p_T < 800~\text{GeV}, Central $\eta$, Fig 3(c) and 3(d)

$Cumulant22$, 240\text{GeV} \leq p_T < 800~\text{GeV}, Central $\eta$, Fig 3(a)

$Cumulant23$, 240\text{GeV} \leq p_T < 800~\text{GeV}, Central $\eta$, Fig 3(b)

$Cumulant222$, 240\text{GeV} \leq p_T < 800~\text{GeV}, Central $\eta$, Fig 3(c)

$Cumulant33$, 240\text{GeV} \leq p_T < 800~\text{GeV}, Central $\eta$, Fig 3(d)

Observed and expected 95 % CL exclusion limits on $\tan\beta$ as a function of $m_{H^{\pm}}$, shown in the context of the mh125 scenario, for $m_{H^{\pm}}>150$ GeV and $(1 \leq \tan\beta \leq 60)$. The surrounding shaded bands correspond to the 1$\sigma$ and 2$\sigma$ confidence intervals around the expected limit.

Observed and expected 95 % CL exclusions on $\tan\beta$ as a function of $m_{H^{\pm}}$ derived from exclusion limits on $\mathrm{\cal{B}}(t\to bH^+)\times \mathrm{\cal{B}}(H^+ \to \tau \nu)$, for Type I 2HDM low mass scenario. The surrounding shaded bands correspond to the 1$\sigma$ and 2$\sigma$ confidence intervals around the expected limit.

Observed and expected 95 % CL exclusions on $\tan\beta$ as a function of $m_{H^{\pm}}$ derived from exclusion limits on $\mathrm{\cal{B}}(t\to bH^+)\times \mathrm{\cal{B}}(H^+ \to \tau \nu)$, for Lepton Specific 2HDM low mass scenario. The surrounding shaded bands correspond to the 1$\sigma$ and 2$\sigma$ confidence intervals around the expected limit.

The measured differential cross-sections and the predictions from the GM-VFNS calculation for the $D_s^\pm$ meson in bins of $p_T$ for $|\eta| < 2.5$. The statistical, systematic (excluding branching ratio) and branching ratio uncertainties are shown separately for data, while the total theory uncertainties are shown for GM-VFNS.

Inclusive $D^\pm$ meson production cross-sections in different fiducial volumes defined by $|\eta|<2.5$ and different $p_T$ regions. For the ATLAS measurements, the statistical, systematic (excluding branching ratio) and branching ratio uncertainties are shown separately; for the theoretical predictions, the total theoretical uncertainties are shown.

Inclusive $D_s^\pm$ meson production cross-sections in different fiducial volumes defined by $|\eta|<2.5$ and different $p_T$ regions. For the ATLAS measurements, the statistical, systematic (excluding branching ratio) and branching ratio uncertainties are shown separately; for the theoretical predictions, the total theoretical uncertainties are shown.

The distribution of the $p_\mathrm{T}{}_{\mu\mathrm{-had}}^\mathrm{col}$ in the VR. `$Z(\rightarrow\tau\tau)+\text{jets}$' represents the contributions from the signal process. `Diboson' indicates the contributions from $WW$, $WZ$, and $ZZ$ processes. `Top' represents the predicted contributions from the $t\bar{t}$, single-top-quark, and $tW$ processes. `Other' includes the contributions from the $Z(\rightarrow\ell\ell)$+jets, $W$+jets, and Higgs boson processes. The uncertainties shown include both statistical and systematic sources.

The distributions of $m_{\mu\mathrm{-had}}^\mathrm{col}$ corresponding to the SR selection criteria defined in the text. `$Z(\rightarrow\tau\tau)+\text{jets}$' represents the contributions from the signal process. `Diboson' indicates the contributions from $WW$, $WZ$, and $ZZ$ processes. `Top' represents the predicted contributions from the $t\bar{t}$, single-top-quark, and $tW$ processes. `Other' includes the contributions from the $Z(\rightarrow\ell\ell)$+jets, $W$+jets, and Higgs boson processes. The uncertainties shown include both statistical and systematic sources.

The distributions of $m_{\mu\mathrm{-had}}^\mathrm{col}$ corresponding to the SR_\text{std} selection criteria defined in the text. `$Z(\rightarrow\tau\tau)+\text{jets}$' represents the contributions from the signal process. `Diboson' indicates the contributions from $WW$, $WZ$, and $ZZ$ processes. `Top' represents the predicted contributions from the $t\bar{t}$, single-top-quark, and $tW$ processes. `Other' includes the contributions from the $Z(\rightarrow\ell\ell)$+jets, $W$+jets, and Higgs boson processes. The uncertainties shown include both statistical and systematic sources.

The distributions of $m_{\mu\mathrm{-had}}^\mathrm{col}$ corresponding to the SR_\text{tight} selection criteria defined in the text. `$Z(\rightarrow\tau\tau)+\text{jets}$' represents the contributions from the signal process. `Diboson' indicates the contributions from $WW$, $WZ$, and $ZZ$ processes. `Top' represents the predicted contributions from the $t\bar{t}$, single-top-quark, and $tW$ processes. `Other' includes the contributions from the $Z(\rightarrow\ell\ell)$+jets, $W$+jets, and Higgs boson processes. The uncertainties shown include both statistical and systematic sources.

The distributions of $m_{\mu\mathrm{-had}}^\mathrm{col}$ corresponding to the SR_\text{tight}^\text{std} selection criteria defined in the text. `$Z(\rightarrow\tau\tau)+\text{jets}$' represents the contributions from the signal process. `Diboson' indicates the contributions from $WW$, $WZ$, and $ZZ$ processes. `Top' represents the predicted contributions from the $t\bar{t}$, single-top-quark, and $tW$ processes. `Other' includes the contributions from the $Z(\rightarrow\ell\ell)$+jets, $W$+jets, and Higgs boson processes. The uncertainties shown include both statistical and systematic sources.

The distribution of $\Delta\phi^\mathrm{signed}_{\mu-MET}$ with all other event selection criteria applied in the SR; the straight lines indicate the positions of the selection requirements. `$Z(\rightarrow\tau\tau)+\text{jets}$' represents the contributions from the signal process. `Diboson' indicates the contributions from $WW$, $WZ$, and $ZZ$ processes. `Top' represents the predicted contributions from the $t\bar{t}$, single-top, and $tW$ processes. `Other' includes the contributions from the $Z(\rightarrow\ell\ell)$+jets, $W$+jets, and Higgs boson processes. The uncertainties shown include both statistical and systematic errors.

The distribution of $\Delta\phi^\mathrm{signed}_{\mu-MET}$ with all other event selection criteria applied in the VR; the straight lines indicate the positions of the selection requirements. `$Z(\rightarrow\tau\tau)+\text{jets}$' represents the contributions from the signal process. `Diboson' indicates the contributions from $WW$, $WZ$, and $ZZ$ processes. `Top' represents the predicted contributions from the $t\bar{t}$, single-top, and $tW$ processes. `Other' includes the contributions from the $Z(\rightarrow\ell\ell)$+jets, $W$+jets, and Higgs boson processes. The uncertainties shown include both statistical and systematic errors.

The distribution of the $m_{\mu\mathrm{-had}}^\mathrm{col}$ in the SR. `$Z(\rightarrow\tau\tau)+\text{jets}$' represents the contributions from the signal process. `Diboson' indicates the contributions from $WW$, $WZ$, and $ZZ$ processes. `Top' represents the predicted contributions from the $t\bar{t}$, single-top, and $tW$ processes. `Other' includes the contributions from the $Z(\rightarrow\ell\ell)$+jets, $W$+jets, and Higgs boson processes. The uncertainties shown include both statistical and systematic errors.

The distribution of the $m_{\mu\mathrm{-had}}^\mathrm{col}$ in the VR. `$Z(\rightarrow\tau\tau)+\text{jets}$' represents the contributions from the signal process. `Diboson' indicates the contributions from $WW$, $WZ$, and $ZZ$ processes. `Top' represents the predicted contributions from the $t\bar{t}$, single-top, and $tW$ processes. `Other' includes the contributions from the $Z(\rightarrow\ell\ell)$+jets, $W$+jets, and Higgs boson processes. The uncertainties shown include both statistical and systematic errors.

The distribution of the $p_\mathrm{T}$ of the $\tau_\mathrm{had}^{\mu\mkern-10mu\backslash}$ in the SR. `$Z(\rightarrow\tau\tau)+\text{jets}$' represents the contributions from the signal process. `Diboson' indicates the contributions from $WW$, $WZ$, and $ZZ$ processes. `Top' represents the predicted contributions from the $t\bar{t}$, single-top, and $tW$ processes. `Other' includes the contributions from the $Z(\rightarrow\ell\ell)$+jets, $W$+jets, and Higgs boson processes. The uncertainties shown include both statistical and systematic errors.

The distribution of the $p_\mathrm{T}$ of the $\tau_\mathrm{had}^{\mu\mkern-10mu\backslash}$ in the VR. `$Z(\rightarrow\tau\tau)+\text{jets}$' represents the contributions from the signal process. `Diboson' indicates the contributions from $WW$, $WZ$, and $ZZ$ processes. `Top' represents the predicted contributions from the $t\bar{t}$, single-top, and $tW$ processes. `Other' includes the contributions from the $Z(\rightarrow\ell\ell)$+jets, $W$+jets, and Higgs boson processes. The uncertainties shown include both statistical and systematic errors.

The distribution of the $p_\mathrm{T}$ of the muon removed from the $\tau_\mathrm{had}^{\mu\mkern-10mu\backslash}$ in the SR `$Z(\rightarrow\tau\tau)+\text{jets}$' represents the contributions from the signal process. `Diboson' indicates the contributions from $WW$, $WZ$, and $ZZ$ processes. `Top' represents the predicted contributions from the $t\bar{t}$, single-top, and $tW$ processes. `Other' includes the contributions from the $Z(\rightarrow\ell\ell)$+jets, $W$+jets, and Higgs boson processes. The uncertainties shown include both statistical and systematic errors.

The distribution of the $p_\mathrm{T}$ of the muon removed from the $\tau_\mathrm{had}^{\mu\mkern-10mu\backslash}$ in the VR `$Z(\rightarrow\tau\tau)+\text{jets}$' represents the contributions from the signal process. `Diboson' indicates the contributions from $WW$, $WZ$, and $ZZ$ processes. `Top' represents the predicted contributions from the $t\bar{t}$, single-top, and $tW$ processes. `Other' includes the contributions from the $Z(\rightarrow\ell\ell)$+jets, $W$+jets, and Higgs boson processes. The uncertainties shown include both statistical and systematic errors.

The distribution of the $p_\mathrm{T}$ of the leading jet in the SR. `$Z(\rightarrow\tau\tau)+\text{jets}$' represents the contributions from the signal process. `Diboson' indicates the contributions from $WW$, $WZ$, and $ZZ$ processes. `Top' represents the predicted contributions from the $t\bar{t}$, single-top, and $tW$ processes. `Other' includes the contributions from the $Z(\rightarrow\ell\ell)$+jets, $W$+jets, and Higgs boson processes. The uncertainties shown include both statistical and systematic errors.

The distribution of the $p_\mathrm{T}$ of the leading jet in the VR. `$Z(\rightarrow\tau\tau)+\text{jets}$' represents the contributions from the signal process. `Diboson' indicates the contributions from $WW$, $WZ$, and $ZZ$ processes. `Top' represents the predicted contributions from the $t\bar{t}$, single-top, and $tW$ processes. `Other' includes the contributions from the $Z(\rightarrow\ell\ell)$+jets, $W$+jets, and Higgs boson processes. The uncertainties shown include both statistical and systematic errors.

The distribution of the $\Delta{R}_{\tau\tau}^\mathrm{reco}$ between the muon and the $\tau_\mathrm{had}^{\mu\mkern-10mu\backslash}$ in the SR `$Z(\rightarrow\tau\tau)+\text{jets}$' represents the contributions from the signal process. `Diboson' indicates the contributions from $WW$, $WZ$, and $ZZ$ processes. `Top' represents the predicted contributions from the $t\bar{t}$, single-top, and $tW$ processes. `Other' includes the contributions from the $Z(\rightarrow\ell\ell)$+jets, $W$+jets, and Higgs boson processes. The uncertainties shown include both statistical and systematic errors.

The distribution of the $\Delta{R}_{\tau\tau}^\mathrm{reco}$ between the muon and the $\tau_\mathrm{had}^{\mu\mkern-10mu\backslash}$ in the VR `$Z(\rightarrow\tau\tau)+\text{jets}$' represents the contributions from the signal process. `Diboson' indicates the contributions from $WW$, $WZ$, and $ZZ$ processes. `Top' represents the predicted contributions from the $t\bar{t}$, single-top, and $tW$ processes. `Other' includes the contributions from the $Z(\rightarrow\ell\ell)$+jets, $W$+jets, and Higgs boson processes. The uncertainties shown include both statistical and systematic errors.

The distribution of the reconstructed $E_\mathrm{T}^\mathrm{miss}$ in the SR `$Z(\rightarrow\tau\tau)+\text{jets}$' represents the contributions from the signal process. `Diboson' indicates the contributions from $WW$, $WZ$, and $ZZ$ processes. `Top' represents the predicted contributions from the $t\bar{t}$, single-top, and $tW$ processes. `Other' includes the contributions from the $Z(\rightarrow\ell\ell)$+jets, $W$+jets, and Higgs boson processes. The uncertainties shown include both statistical and systematic errors.

The distribution of the reconstructed $E_\mathrm{T}^\mathrm{miss}$ in the VR `$Z(\rightarrow\tau\tau)+\text{jets}$' represents the contributions from the signal process. `Diboson' indicates the contributions from $WW$, $WZ$, and $ZZ$ processes. `Top' represents the predicted contributions from the $t\bar{t}$, single-top, and $tW$ processes. `Other' includes the contributions from the $Z(\rightarrow\ell\ell)$+jets, $W$+jets, and Higgs boson processes. The uncertainties shown include both statistical and systematic errors.

The modified energy correlation function, for data, background (pre- and post-reweighting) and three $H\rightarrow Za$ signal hypotheses (for $a\rightarrow q\bar{q}/gg$ inclusively). Events are required to pass the complete event selection but not the classification NN requirement. The background normalization is set equal to that of the data for events passing the preselection and being in the $m_{\ell\ell j}$ 100-180 GeV region. The signal normalization assumes the SM Higgs boson inclusive production cross-section, $\mathcal{B}(H\to Za)=100\%$, and it is scaled up by a factor of 100. The error bars (hatched regions) represent the data (MC) sample's statistical uncertainty in the histograms and the ratio plots. Vertical arrows indicate data points that fall outside the displayed $y$-axis range.

$Z$ boson transverse momentum, for data, background (pre- and post-reweighting) and three $H\rightarrow Za$ signal hypotheses (for $a\rightarrow q\bar{q}/gg$ inclusively). Events are required to pass the complete event selection but not the classification NN requirement. The background normalization is set equal to that of the data for events passing the preselection and being in the $m_{\ell\ell j}$ 100-180 GeV region. The signal normalization assumes the SM Higgs boson inclusive production cross-section, $\mathcal{B}(H\to Za)=100\%$, and it is scaled up by a factor of 100. The error bars (hatched regions) represent the data (MC) sample's statistical uncertainty in the histograms and the ratio plots. Vertical arrows indicate data points that fall outside the displayed $y$-axis range.

$Z$ boson transverse momentum, for data, background (pre- and post-reweighting) and three $H\rightarrow Za$ signal hypotheses (for $a\rightarrow q\bar{q}/gg$ inclusively). Events are required to pass the complete event selection but not the classification NN requirement. The background normalization is set equal to that of the data for events passing the preselection and being in the $m_{\ell\ell j}$ 100-180 GeV region. The signal normalization assumes the SM Higgs boson inclusive production cross-section, $\mathcal{B}(H\to Za)=100\%$, and it is scaled up by a factor of 100. The error bars (hatched regions) represent the data (MC) sample's statistical uncertainty in the histograms and the ratio plots. Vertical arrows indicate data points that fall outside the displayed $y$-axis range.

Invariant mass of the lepton pair plus jet system, for data, background (pre- and post-reweighting) and three $H\rightarrow Za$ signal hypotheses (for $a\rightarrow q\bar{q}/gg$ inclusively). Events are required to pass the complete event selection but not the classification NN requirement. The background normalization is set equal to that of the data for events passing the preselection and being in the $m_{\ell\ell j}$ 100-180 GeV region. The signal normalization assumes the SM Higgs boson inclusive production cross-section, $\mathcal{B}(H\to Za)=100\%$, and it is scaled up by a factor of 100. The error bars (hatched regions) represent the data (MC) sample's statistical uncertainty in the histograms and the ratio plots. Vertical arrows indicate data points that fall outside the displayed $y$-axis range.

Invariant mass of the lepton pair plus jet system, for data, background (pre- and post-reweighting) and three $H\rightarrow Za$ signal hypotheses (for $a\rightarrow q\bar{q}/gg$ inclusively). Events are required to pass the complete event selection but not the classification NN requirement. The background normalization is set equal to that of the data for events passing the preselection and being in the $m_{\ell\ell j}$ 100-180 GeV region. The signal normalization assumes the SM Higgs boson inclusive production cross-section, $\mathcal{B}(H\to Za)=100\%$, and it is scaled up by a factor of 100. The error bars (hatched regions) represent the data (MC) sample's statistical uncertainty in the histograms and the ratio plots. Vertical arrows indicate data points that fall outside the displayed $y$-axis range.

Regression NN output variable, for data, reweighted background, and three $H\rightarrow Za$ signal hypotheses ($a\rightarrow q\bar{q}/gg$ inclusively). Events are required to pass the complete event selection, including a $120<m_{\ell\ell j}<140$ GeV requirement, but not the classification NN output variable requirement. The background normalization is set equal to that of the data for events passing the preselection and being in the $m_{\ell\ell j}$ 100-180 GeV region. The signal normalization assumes the SM Higgs boson inclusive production cross-section, $\mathcal{B}(H\to Za)=100\%$, and it is scaled up by a factor of 100. The error bars (hatched regions) represent the data (MC) sample's statistical uncertainty in the histograms and the ratio plots. Vertical arrows indicate data points that fall outside the displayed $y$-axis range.

Regression NN output variable, for data, reweighted background, and three $H\rightarrow Za$ signal hypotheses ($a\rightarrow q\bar{q}/gg$ inclusively). Events are required to pass the complete event selection, including a $120<m_{\ell\ell j}<140$ GeV requirement, but not the classification NN output variable requirement. The background normalization is set equal to that of the data for events passing the preselection and being in the $m_{\ell\ell j}$ 100-180 GeV region. The signal normalization assumes the SM Higgs boson inclusive production cross-section, $\mathcal{B}(H\to Za)=100\%$, and it is scaled up by a factor of 100. The error bars (hatched regions) represent the data (MC) sample's statistical uncertainty in the histograms and the ratio plots. Vertical arrows indicate data points that fall outside the displayed $y$-axis range.

Classification NN output variable, for data, reweighted background, and three $H\rightarrow Za$ signal hypotheses ($a\rightarrow q\bar{q}/gg$ inclusively). Events are required to pass the complete event selection, including a $120<m_{\ell\ell j}<140$ GeV requirement, but not the classification NN output variable requirement. The background normalization is set equal to that of the data for events passing the preselection and being in the $m_{\ell\ell j}$ 100-180 GeV region. The signal normalization assumes the SM Higgs boson inclusive production cross-section, $\mathcal{B}(H\to Za)=100\%$, and it is scaled up by a factor of 100. The error bars (hatched regions) represent the data (MC) sample's statistical uncertainty in the histograms and the ratio plots. Vertical arrows indicate data points that fall outside the displayed $y$-axis range.

Classification NN output variable, for data, reweighted background, and three $H\rightarrow Za$ signal hypotheses ($a\rightarrow q\bar{q}/gg$ inclusively). Events are required to pass the complete event selection, including a $120<m_{\ell\ell j}<140$ GeV requirement, but not the classification NN output variable requirement. The background normalization is set equal to that of the data for events passing the preselection and being in the $m_{\ell\ell j}$ 100-180 GeV region. The signal normalization assumes the SM Higgs boson inclusive production cross-section, $\mathcal{B}(H\to Za)=100\%$, and it is scaled up by a factor of 100. The error bars (hatched regions) represent the data (MC) sample's statistical uncertainty in the histograms and the ratio plots. Vertical arrows indicate data points that fall outside the displayed $y$-axis range.

Invariant mass of the lepton pair plus jet system for data, reweighted background, and various signal hypotheses. Events are required to pass the complete event selection (preselection and classification NN requirement). The pre-fit background distribution is shown along with three $H\rightarrow Za$ signal hypotheses coming from the pure MC sample ($a\rightarrow q\bar{q}/gg$ inclusively). The background normalization is set equal to that of the data for events passing the preselection and being in the region 100-180 GeV. The error bars represent the data sample's statistical uncertainty and the grey bands represent the full background model uncertainty before the fit (assuming all the uncertainties are uncorrelated). The lower panel shows the ratio of the data to the pre-fit background prediction.

Invariant mass of the lepton pair plus jet system for data, reweighted background and its systematic uncertainties (only "up" variations are shown). Events are required to pass the complete event selection (preselection and classification NN requirement). The background normalization is set equal to that of the data for events passing this selection. The experimental uncertainty combines all the relevant jet uncertainties assuming they are completely uncorrelated. The error bars represent the data sample's statistical uncertainty and the grey bands represent the background statistical uncertainty. The lower panel shows the ratio of the data to the pre-fit background prediction.

Invariant mass of the lepton pair plus jet system for data, reweighted background, and 2.0 GeV signal hypotheses. Events are required to pass the complete event selection (preselection and classification NN requirement). The background shape and normalization come from the fit to the data. The signal includes only $gg$ decays, its shape comes from the fit, and it is normalized to $\mathcal{B}(H\rightarrow Za)=100\%$. The error bars represent the data sample's statistical uncertainty and the grey bands represent the full background model uncertainty after the fit. The lower panel shows the per-bin signal significance, $(N_\text{data}-N_\text{MC})\,\text{\Large{/}}\sqrt{\sigma_\text{data}^2+\sigma_\text{MC}^2}$. The post-fit background uncertainty is calculated from a fit under the background-only hypothesis. Vertical arrows indicate data points that fall outside the displayed $y$-axis range.

Invariant mass of the lepton pair plus jet system for data, reweighted background, and 0.5 GeV signal hypotheses. Events are required to pass the complete event selection (preselection and classification NN requirement). The background shape and normalization come from the fit to the data. The signal includes only $gg$ decays, its shape comes from the fit, and it is normalized to $\mathcal{B}(H\rightarrow Za)=100\%$. The error bars represent the data sample's statistical uncertainty and the grey bands represent the full background model uncertainty after the fit. The lower panel shows the per-bin signal significance, $(N_\text{data}-N_\text{MC})\,\text{\Large{/}}\sqrt{\sigma_\text{data}^2+\sigma_\text{MC}^2}$. The post-fit background uncertainty is calculated from a fit under the background-only hypothesis. Vertical arrows indicate data points that fall outside the displayed $y$-axis range.

Observed 95$\%$ CL upper limits on $\mathcal{B}(H \to Za)=100\%$ for $\mathcal{B}(a \to gg)=100\%$, and the expectation under the background-only hypothesis together with its $\pm1\sigma$ and $\pm2\sigma$ intervals. The weaker limits from the previous version of the analysis (PRL 125(2020) 221802) are also shown. Linear interpolation is used to set limits between the mass points for which MC signal samples were generated.

Observed 95$\%$ CL upper limits on $\mathcal{B}(H \to Za)=100\%$ for $\mathcal{B}(a \to gg)=100\%$, and the expectation under the background-only hypothesis together with its $\pm1\sigma$ and $\pm2\sigma$ intervals. The weaker limits from the previous version of the analysis (PRL 125(2020) 221802) are also shown. Linear interpolation is used to set limits between the mass points for which MC signal samples were generated.

Observed 95$\%$ confidence level upper limits on $\mathcal{B}(H \to Za)=100\%$ for $\mathcal{B}(a\rightarrow q\bar{q})=100\%$, and the expectation under the background-only hypothesis together with its $\pm1\sigma$ and $\pm2\sigma$ intervals. The weaker limits from the previous version of the analysis (PRL 125(2020) 221802) are also shown. Linear interpolation is used to set limits between the mass points for which MC signal samples were generated.

Observed 95$\%$ confidence level upper limits on $\mathcal{B}(H \to Za)=100\%$ for $\mathcal{B}(a\rightarrow q\bar{q})=100\%$, and the expectation under the background-only hypothesis together with its $\pm1\sigma$ and $\pm2\sigma$ intervals. The weaker limits from the previous version of the analysis (PRL 125(2020) 221802) are also shown. Linear interpolation is used to set limits between the mass points for which MC signal samples were generated.

Breakdown of relative systematic uncertainties in the measured ${t\bar{t}}$ cross-section. The quoted uncertainties are obtained by repeating the fit with a group of nuisance parameters fixed to their fitted values and subtracting in quadrature the resulting total uncertainty from the uncertainty of the complete fit. However, the total uncertainty is not the quadratic sum of the grouped impacts, as this approach neglects the correlation among the different groups.

The figure shows the measurement of the top quark pair production cross-section, $\sigma_{t\bar{t}}$, in lead-lead (Pb+Pb) collisions at a center-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} = 5.02$ TeV, based on 1.9 nb$^{-1}$ of data.