We observe evidence for the production of b-flavoured baryons in decays of the Z 0 boson with the OPAL detector at LEP. We find 68 Λl − , Λ l + candidates in 458 583 hadronic Z 0 decays. We interpret this as a signal of 55 ± 9 +0.3 −3.1 events from the semi-leptonic decays of b baryons. Assuming weakly decaying b baryons produced in Z 0 decays are mostly Λ b particles, we measure the product branching ratio (Γ b b /Γ had ) f ( b →Λ b ) B (Λ b →Λl − v X ) , averaged over the electron and muon channels, to be (6.2±1.0±1.5)×10 −4 .
FD is considered as a quark fragmentation fraction. Charge conjugated state is understood.
Distributions of event shape variables obtained from 120600 hadronicZ decays measured with the DELPHI detector are compared to the predictions of QCD based event generators. Values of the strong coupling constant αs are derived as a function of the renormalization scale from a quantitative analysis of eight hadronic distributions. The final result, αs(MZ), is based on second order perturbation theory and uses two hadronization corrections, one computed with a parton shower model and the other with a QCD matrix element model.
Experimental differential Thrust distributions.
Experimental differential Oblateness distributions.
Experimental differential C-parameter distributions.
Meson production in proton, oxygen and sulphur interactions with uranium targets at 200 GeV/nucleon is studied. We measure the inclusive meson cross-section d σ/dPT2 and its evolution fromp+U to S+U. The cross-section fitted with an exponential gives an inverse slopePT0 of the order of 210 MeV/c. As a function of the neutral transverse energy,PT0 values show a slight rise followed by a plateau. The normalized difference (σ+−σ−)/σ− between positive and negative meson cross-sections is found to increase withET.
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Data collected in the experiment R704 at the CERN ISR are used to study the annihilation process p p → π 0 π 0 at several centre-of-mass energies between 2.97 and 3.56 GeV. A total sample of 7359 events has been identified, from which cross sections and angular distributions in the interval 0 < | cos θ ∗ | < 0.5 have been measured.
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Oxygen and sulfur nuclei with energies of 200 GeV/nucleon have been allowed to interact in nuclear emulsions exposed at CERN. These emulsions have been scanned with a minimum bias so that essentially all the interactions occurring were detected. Nearly 1000 interactions of each projectile have been analyzed. We present results on the multiplicity distributions, the pseudorapidity distributions, and the fragmentation of the projectile and target nuclei. It is shown that the mean number of intranuclear collisions in each interaction, calculated from a superposition model, provides a useful parameter for organizing the data. We conclude that there are no significant deviations even at these energies from models, such as the venus model, describing the interactions as being the superposition of individual nucleon-nucleon collisions.
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The B0 B¯ 0 average mixing parameter χ has been extracted from eμ and ee events produced in pp¯ collisions at √s =1.8 TeV. In a sample of 900 eμ events, the like-sign to opposite-sign charge ratio R is measured to be 0.556±0.048(stat)−0.042+0.035(syst). In the absence of mixing, the expected value of R would be 0.23±0.06. The corresponding number for 212 ee events is 0.573±0.116(stat)±0.047(syst) with an expected nonmixing value of 0.24±0.07. The observed excess in R leads to a combined determination of χ=0.176±0.031(stat+syst) ±0.032 (model), where the last uncertainty is due to Monte Carlo modeling.
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Antiproton induced fission probabilities of U238, Bi209, Pb208 and Au177 are reported together with the mass distribution of the fission fragments in the U238 and Bi209 cases. The charged particles multiplicities observed in co-incidence with fission have, also, been measured for U and Bi and are presented.
TOTAL AVERAGE MASSES AND KINETIC ENERGIES OF FISSION FRAGMENTS. Mean mass is in proton mass units.
We report measurements of the ratios K+π+, pπ+, K−π−, p¯π−, π−π+, K−K+, and p¯p for hadrons with 0.19<xt<0.62 produced in p−Be and p−W collisions at s=38.8 GeV. The K+π+ ratio at high xt gives the fragmentation-function ratio DuK+Duπ+ at high z. The high-xt K−π− ratio gives an upper limit for DdK−Ddπ− at high z. The pt dependence of pπ+ suggests that scattered constituent diquarks are the primary source of protons with pt<6 GeV/c. We also present species correlations in high-mass h+h− pairs. Strong K+K− and pp¯ correlations were observed.
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We present a high-statistics, species-identified measurement of the W-to-Be per-nucleon cross-section ratio, RW/Be, for high-xt hadrons and high-τ h+h− pairs produced in p-A collisions at √s =38.8 GeV. The data extend to 0.62 in xt and 0.39 in √τ . For single hadrons, RW/Be peaks at pt≊5 GeV/c and decreases to ≊1 for mesons with pt>8 GeV/c. At fixed pt, RW/Be falls with √s . For symmetric pairs with √τ >0.28, RW/Be=0.84±0.02±0.07, suggesting a nuclear suppression of high-z fragmentation. RW/Be increases with pout, indicative of constituent multiple scattering.
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This letter reports the full reconstruction of B mesons through the decay chain B±→J/ψ K±, J/ψ→μ+μ−, using data obtained at the Collider Detector at Fermilab in p¯p collisions at √s =1.8 TeV. This exclusive sample, the first observed at a hadron collider, is then used to measure the B-meson cross section, from which we extract the b-quark cross section. We obtain σ=2.8±0.9 (stat) ±1.1(syst) μb for B− mesons with PT>9.0 GeV/c and rapidity ‖y‖<1.0. We obtain σ=6.1±1.9(stat) ±2.4(syst) μb, for b quarks with transverse momentum PT>11.5 GeV/c and rapidity ‖y‖<1.0.
B-meson cross section.
B-quark cross section.
Forum