The dependence of the ratio between the B$_\mathrm{s}^0$ and B$^+$ hadron production fractions, $f_\mathrm{s} / f_\mathrm{u}$, on the transverse momentum ($p_\mathrm{T}$) and rapidity of the B mesons is studied using the decay channels B$_\mathrm{s}^0$$\to$ J$/\psi\,\phi$ and B$^+$$\to$ J$/\psi$ K$^+$. The analysis uses a data sample of proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, collected by the CMS experiment in 2018 and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 61.6 fb$^{-1}$. The $f_\mathrm{s} / f_\mathrm{u}$ ratio is observed to depend on the B $p_\mathrm{T}$ and to be consistent with becoming asymptotically constant at large $p_\mathrm{T}$. No rapidity dependence is observed. The ratio of the B$^0$ to B$^+$ hadron production fractions, $f_\mathrm{d} / f_\mathrm{u}$, measured using the B$^0$$\to$ J$/\psi$ K$^{*0}$ decay channel, is found to be consistent with unity and independent of $p_\mathrm{T}$ and rapidity, as expected from isospin invariance.
The $\mathrm{J/\psi \phi}$, $\mathrm{J/\psi K}$, and $\mathrm{J/\psi} \mathrm{K}^{*0}$ invariant mass distributions, for $\mathrm{B}$ meson candidates with $20 < p_T < 23$ GeV, and asociated fits as described in the text.
The $\mathrm{J/\psi \phi}$, $\mathrm{J/\psi K}$, and $\mathrm{J/\psi} \mathrm{K}^{*0}$ invariant mass distributions, for $\mathrm{B}$ meson candidates with $20 < p_T < 23$ GeV, and asociated fits as described in the text.
The $\mathrm{J/\psi \phi}$, $\mathrm{J/\psi K}$, and $\mathrm{J/\psi} \mathrm{K}^{*0}$ invariant mass distributions, for $\mathrm{B}$ meson candidates with $20 < p_T < 23$ GeV, and asociated fits as described in the text.
The measurement of the production of ${\rm f}_{0}(980)$ in inelastic pp collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 5.02$ TeV is presented. This is the first reported measurement of inclusive ${\rm f}_{0}(980)$ yield at LHC energies. The production is measured at midrapidity, $|y| < 0.5$, in a wide transverse momentum range, $0 < p_{\rm T} < 16$ GeV/$c$, by reconstructing the resonance in the ${\rm f}_{0}(980) \rightarrow \pi^{+}\pi^{-}$ hadronic decay channel using the ALICE detector. The $p_{\rm T}$-differential yields are compared to those of pions, protons and $\phi$ mesons as well as to predictions from the HERWIG 7.2 QCD-inspired Monte Carlo event generator and calculations from a coalescence model that uses the AMPT model as an input. The ratio of the $p_{\rm T}$-integrated yield of ${\rm f}_{0}(980)$ relative to pions is compared to measurements in ${\rm e}^{+}{\rm e}^{-}$ and pp collisions at lower energies and predictions from statistical hadronisation models and HERWIG 7.2. A mild collision energy dependence of the ${\rm f}_{0}(980)$ to pion production is observed in pp collisions from SPS to LHC energies. All considered models underpredict the $p_{\rm T}$-integrated $2{\rm f}_{0}(980)/(\pi^{+}+\pi^{-})$ ratio. The prediction from the canonical statistical hadronisation model assuming a zero total strangeness content of ${\rm f}_{0}(980)$ is consistent with the data within 1.9$\sigma$ and is the closest to the data. The results provide an essential reference for future measurements of the particle yield and nuclear modification in p$-$Pb and Pb$-$Pb collisions, which have been proposed to be instrumental to probe the elusive nature and quark composition of the ${\rm f}_{0}(980)$ scalar meson.
$p_{\rm T}$-differential yields of $f_{0}(980)$ at midrapidity in the inelastic pp collisions at $\sqrt(s)$ = 5.02 TeV. The uncertainty 'syst' indicates the total systematic uncertainty and 'stat' indicates the statistical uncertainty. The branching ratio correction amounts to BR = (46 $\pm$ 6)% [ Phys. Rev. Lett. 111 no. 6, (2013) 062001] assuming dominance of $\pi\pi$ and KK channel has been applied to the $p_{\rm T}$-differential yields of $f_{0}(980)$. The normalisation and branching ratio relative uncertainties on the yields are independent of $p_{\rm{T}}$ and amount to 2.5% and 13%, respectively and therefore not included in the $p_{\rm T}$-differential yields of $f_{0}(980)$.
$p_{\rm T}$-integrated yield of $f_{0}(980)$, dN/dy at midrapidity as a function of $\langle {\rm d}N_{\rm ch}/{\rm d}\eta \rangle$. The uncertainty 'syst' indicates the total systematic uncertainty on the measurement. The branching ratio correction amounts to BR = (46 $\pm$ 6)% [ Phys. Rev. Lett. 111 no. 6, (2013) 062001] assuming dominance of $\pi\pi$ and KK channel has been applied to the $p_{\rm T}$-differential yields of $f_{0}(980)$. Here, the branching ratio relative uncertainty (13%) for $f_{0}(980)$ is not included.
mean-$p_{\rm{T}}$ of $f_{0}(980)$, (<$p_{\rm{T}}$>) at midrapidity as a function of $\langle {\rm d}N_{\rm ch}/{\rm d}\eta \rangle$. The uncertainty 'syst' indicates the total systematic uncertainty on the measurement.
The measurement of the production of charm jets, identified by the presence of a ${\rm D^0}$ meson in the jet constituents, is presented in proton-proton collisions at centre-of-mass energies of $\sqrt{s}$ = 5.02 and 13 TeV with the ALICE detector at the CERN LHC. The ${\rm D^0}$ mesons were reconstructed from their hadronic decay ${\rm D^0} \rightarrow {\rm K^-}\pi^+$ and the respective charge conjugate. Jets were reconstructed from ${\rm D^0}$-meson candidates and charged particles using the anti-$k_{\rm T}$ algorithm, in the jet transverse momentum range $5<p_{\rm T;chjet}<50$ GeV/$c$, pseudorapidity $|\eta_{\rm jet}| <0.9-R$, and with the jet resolution parameters $R$ = 0.2, 0.4, 0.6. The distribution of the jet momentum fraction carried by a ${\rm D^0}$ meson along the jet axis ($z^{\rm ch}_{||}$) was measured in the range $0.4 < z^{\rm ch}_{||} < 1.0$ in four ranges of the jet transverse momentum. Comparisons of results for different collision energies and jet resolution parameters are also presented. The measurements are compared to predictions from Monte Carlo event generators based on leading-order and next-to-leading-order perturbative quantum chromodynamics calculations. A generally good description of the main features of the data is obtained in spite of a few discrepancies at low $p_{\rm T;chjet}$. Measurements were also done for $R = 0.3$ at $\sqrt{s}$ = 5.02 TeV and are shown along with their comparisons to theoretical predictions in an appendix to this paper.
$p_{\mathrm{T,ch\ jet}}$-differential cross section of charm jets tagged with $\mathrm{D^{0}}$ mesons for $R=0.2$, $0.4$, and $0.6$ in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV.
$p_{\mathrm{T,ch\ jet}}$-differential cross section of charm jets tagged with $\mathrm{D^{0}}$ mesons for $R=0.2$, $0.4$, and $0.6$ in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=5.02$ TeV.
Ratio of $p_{\mathrm{T,ch\ jet}}$-differential cross section of charm jets tagged with $\mathrm{D^{0}}$ mesons in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV to $\sqrt{s}=5.02$ TeV for $R=0.2$, $0.4$, and $0.6$.
The production cross-sections of $J/\psi$ mesons in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}=5$ TeV are measured using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $9.13\pm0.18~\text{pb}^{-1}$, collected by the LHCb experiment. The cross-sections are measured differentially as a function of transverse momentum, $p_{\text{T}}$, and rapidity, $y$, and separately for $J/\psi$ mesons produced promptly and from beauty hadron decays (nonprompt). With the assumption of unpolarised $J/\psi$ mesons, the production cross-sections integrated over the kinematic range $0<p_{\text{T}}<20~\text{GeV}/c$ and $2.0<y<4.5$ are $8.154\pm0.010\pm0.283~\mu\text{b}$ for prompt $J/\psi$ mesons and $0.820\pm0.003\pm0.034~\mu\text{b}$ for nonprompt $J/\psi$ mesons, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second systematic. These cross-sections are compared with those at $\sqrt{s}=8$ TeV and $13$ TeV, and are used to update the measurement of the nuclear modification factor in proton-lead collisions for $J/\psi$ mesons at a centre-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of $\sqrt{s_{\text{NN}}}=5$ TeV. The results are compared with theoretical predictions.
Double-differential production cross-sections for prompt $J/\psi$ mesons in ($p_\text{T},y$) intervals. The first uncertainties are statistical, the second are correlated systematic uncertainties shared between intervals, the third are uncorrelated systematic uncertainties, and the last are correlated between $p_\text{T}$ intervals and uncorrelated between $y$ intervals.
Double-differential production cross-sections for nonprompt $J/\psi$ mesons in ($p_\text{T},y$) intervals. The first uncertainties are statistical, the second are correlated systematic uncertainties shared between intervals, the third are uncorrelated systematic uncertainties, and the last are correlated between $p_\text{T}$ intervals and uncorrelated between $y$ intervals.
Single-differential production cross-sections for prompt $J/\psi$ mesons as a function of $p_\text{T}$. The first uncertainties are statistical, the second are correlated systematic uncertainties shared between intervals, and the last are uncorrelated systematic uncertainties.
The production yield of the $\Lambda(1520)$ baryon resonance is measured at mid-rapidity in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = 2.76 TeV with the ALICE detector at the LHC. The measurement is performed in the $\Lambda(1520)\rightarrow {\rm pK}^{-}$ (and charge conjugate) hadronic decay channel as a function of the transverse momentum ($p_{\rm T}$) and collision centrality. The $p_{\rm T}$-integrated production rate of $\Lambda(1520)$ relative to $\Lambda$ in central collisions is suppressed by about a factor of 2 with respect to peripheral collisions. This is the first observation of the suppression of a baryonic resonance at LHC and the first evidence of $\Lambda(1520)$ suppression in heavy-ion collisions. The measured $\Lambda(1520)/\Lambda$ ratio in central collisions is smaller than the value predicted by the statistical hadronisation model calculations. The shape of the measured $p_{\rm T}$ distribution and the centrality dependence of the suppression are reproduced by the EPOS3 Monte Carlo event generator. The measurement adds further support to the formation of a dense hadronic phase in the final stages of the evolution of the fireball created in heavy-ion collisions, lasting long enough to cause a significant reduction in the observable yield of short-lived resonances.
$p_{\rm T}$-differential yields of $\Lambda$(1520) (sum of particle and anti-particle states) at midrapidity in the 0-20% centrality class. The uncertainty 'syst,uncorrelated' indicates the systematic uncertainty after removing the contributions common to all centrality classes
$p_{\rm T}$-differential yields of $\Lambda$(1520) (sum of particle and anti-particle states) at midrapidity in the 20-50% centrality class. The uncertainty 'syst,uncorrelated' indicates the systematic uncertainty after removing the contributions common to all centrality classes
$p_{\rm T}$-differential yields of $\Lambda$(1520) (sum of particle and anti-particle states) at midrapidity in the 50-80% centrality class. The uncertainty 'syst,uncorrelated' indicates the systematic uncertainty after removing the contributions common to all centrality classes
The production of Upsilon(1S), Upsilon(2S) and Upsilon(3S) mesons in proton-proton collisions at the centre-of-mass energy of sqrt(s)=7 TeV is studied with the LHCb detector. The analysis is based on a data sample of 25 pb-1 collected at the Large Hadron Collider. The Upsilon mesons are reconstructed in the decay mode Upsilon -> mu+ mu- and the signal yields are extracted from a fit to the mu+ mu- invariant mass distributions. The differential production cross-sections times dimuon branching fractions are measured as a function of the Upsilon transverse momentum pT and rapidity y, over the range pT < 15 GeV/c and 2.0 < y < 4.5. The cross-sections times branching fractions, integrated over these kinematic ranges, are measured to be sigma(pp -> Upsilon(1S) X) x B(Upsilon(1S)->mu+ mu-) = 2.29 {\pm} 0.01 {\pm} 0.10 -0.37 +0.19 nb, sigma(pp -> Upsilon(2S) X) x B(Upsilon(2S)->mu+ mu-) = 0.562 {\pm} 0.007 {\pm} 0.023 -0.092 +0.048 nb, sigma(pp -> Upsilon(3S) X) x B(Upsilon(3S)->mu+ mu-) = 0.283 {\pm} 0.005 {\pm} 0.012 -0.048 +0.025 nb, where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic and the third is due to the unknown polarisation of the three Upsilon states.
Integrated cross-sections times dimuon branching fractions in the PT range < 15 GeV/c and rapidity in the range 2.0-4.0. The second systematic (sys) error is due to the unknown polarisation of the three states.
Double differential cross section for UPSI(1S) production times the dimuon branching fraction as a function of PT for the rapidity region 2.0-2.5. The second systematic (sys) error is due to the unknown polarisation of the UPSI(1S).
Double differential cross section for UPSI(1S) production times the dimuon branching fraction as a function of PT for the rapidity region 2.5-3.0. The second systematic (sys) error is due to the unknown polarisation of the UPSI(1S).
The production of jets is studied in deep-inelastic e+p scattering at low negative four momentum transfer squared 5<Q^2<100 GeV^2 and at inelasticity 0.2<y<0.7 using data recorded by the H1 detector at HERA in the years 1999 and 2000, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 43.5 pb^-1. Inclusive jet, 2-jet and 3-jet cross sections as well as the ratio of 3-jet to 2-jet cross sections are measured as a function of Q^2 and jet transverse momentum. The 2-jet cross section is also measured as a function of the proton momentum fraction xi. The measurements are well described by perturbative quantum chromodynamics at next-to-leading order corrected for hadronisation effects and are subsequently used to extract the strong coupling alpha_s.
Inclusive Jet Cross Section ${\rm\frac{d\sigma_{jet}}{dQ^2}}$.
2-Jet Cross Section ${\rm\frac{d\sigma_{2-jet}}{dQ^2}}$.
3-Jet Cross Section ${\rm\frac{d\sigma_{3-jet}}{dQ^2}}$.
The production of neutral strange hadrons is investigated using deep-inelastic scattering events measured with the H1 detector at HERA. The measurements are made in the phase space defined by the negative four-momentum transfer squared of the photon 2 < Q^2 < 100 GeV^2 and the inelasticity 0.1 < y < 0.6. The K_s and Lambda production cross sections and their ratios are determined. K_s production is compared to the production of charged particles in the same region of phase space. The Lambda - anti-Lambda asymmetry is also measured and found to be consistent with zero. Predictions of leading order Monte Carlo programs are compared to the data.
Visible cross section for the production of K0S and LAMBDA(BAR).
Ratio of strange baryon to meson production.
Ratio of K0S to charged hadron production.
Inclusive non-diffractive photoproduction of rho(770)^0, K^*(892)^0 and phi(1020) mesons is investigated with the H1 detector in ep collisions at HERA. The corresponding average \gamma p centre-of-mass energy is 210 GeV. The mesons are measured in the transverse momentum range 0.5<p_T<7 GeV and the rapidity range |y_{lab}|<1. Differential cross sections are presented as a function of transverse momentum and rapidity, and are compared to the predictions of hadroproduction models.
Inclusive non-diffractive photoproduction cross sections in the specified kinematic region.
Ratios of cross sections.
Inclusive non-diffractive photoproduction invariant differential cross sections as a function of PT in the specified kinematic range.
The production of jets is studied in deep-inelastic ep scattering at large negative four momentum transfer squared 150<Q^2<15000 GeV^2 using HERA data taken in 1999-2007, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 395 pb^-1. Inclusive jet, 2-jet and 3-jet cross sections, normalised to the neutral current deep-inelastic scattering cross sections, are measured as functions of Q^2, jet transverse momentum and proton momentum fraction. The measurements are well described by perturbative QCD calculations at next-to-leading order corrected for hadronisation effects. The strong coupling as determined from these measurements is alpha_s(M_Z) = 0.1168 +/-0.0007 (exp.) +0.0046/-0.0030 (th.) +/-0.0016(pdf).
Normalised inclusive jet cross section in bins of $Q^{2}$.
Normalised 2-jet cross section in bins of $Q^{2}$.
Normalised 3-jet cross section in bins of $Q^{2}$.
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