Results are presented from an experiment with a large acceptance spectrometer that measured the production cross section of high mass muon pairs from the collision of 225 GeV/c hadron beams with a nuclear target including, for the first time, measurements using positive and negative pion beams. Various features of the data, such as the helicity anqle of the muon pairs and the ratio of the cross sections for positive and negative pions provide conclusive evidence for the quark-antiquark annihilation model for the production of muon pairs. This model is then used to determine the momentum distribution for valence quarks in pion. our best fit to the distribution,$\bar{\mu} (x) = (.73 \pm .11) x^{-1/2} [1-x] ^{(1.28 \pm .15)}$ , shows that the pion's structure! is clearly different from the proton's structure.
DATA ON (E/2*PI*PMAX(RF=CM))*D2(SIG)/D(XL)/D(PT)/PT WHERE THE CENTER OF MASS DEFINITION OF THE XL ASSUMED THAT THE TARGET WAS A SINGLE NUCLEON OF MASS 0.938 GEV. Axis error includes +- 0.0/0.0 contribution (?////SYSTEMATIC ERRORS NOT GIVENFERMI//COULOMBRES-DEF(RES=J/PSI,BACK=UNCORRECTED,DEF=2.7 < M(MU+ MU-) IN GEV < 3.5)).
DATA ON (E/2*PI*PMAX(RF=CM))*D2(SIG)/D(XL)/D(PT)/PT WHERE THE CENTER OF MASS DEFINITION OF THE XL ASSUMED THAT THE TARGET WAS A SINGLE NUCLEON OF MASS 0.938 GEV. Axis error includes +- 0.0/0.0 contribution (?////SYSTEMATIC ERRORS NOT GIVENFERMI//COULOMBRES-DEF(RES=J/PSI,BACK=UNCORRECTED,DEF=2.7 < M(MU+ MU-) IN GEV < 3.5)).
DATA ON (E/2*PI*PMAX(RF=CM))*D2(SIG)/D(XL)/D(PT)/PT WHERE THE CENTER OF MASS DEFINITION OF THE XL ASSUMED THAT THE TARGET WAS A SINGLE NUCLEON OF MASS 0.938 GEV. Axis error includes +- 0.0/0.0 contribution (?////SYSTEMATIC ERRORS NOT GIVENFERMI//COULOMBRES-DEF(RES=J/PSI,BACK=UNCORRECTED,DEF=2.7 < M(MU+ MU-) IN GEV < 3.5)).
Using a double arm electromagnetic calorimeter we have searched for narrow states produced in the exclusive reaction π − p→γγn at 13 GeV/c. No enhancements were observed in the mass range 2.0–4.0 GeV/c 2 . For example, the 90% confidence limit on η c production is σ ( π − p→ η c n)× B ( η c → γγ ) < 44 pb.
UPPER LIMIT (90 PCT CL) FOR SIG*BR(ETA/C --> 2 GAMMA).
Differential cross sections as a function of momentum are presented for the production of K+ mesons in p−p collisions at incident proton energies of 2.54, 2.88, and 3.03 GeV. The measurements were made at 20°, 30°, and 40° relative to the direction of the internal proton beam of the Princeton-Pennsylvania accelerator. At 2.54 GeV, the results follow closely the predictions from phase space (with 60% K+ΣN and 40% K+Λp in the final state). At 2.88 and 3.03 GeV, however, there is a definite disagreement with phase space. The data are compared to the predictions of three models: (1) a model based on the assumption that K's are produced via p+p→K++X+, where X+ is a B=2, S=−1 resonance which decays into a nucleon+hyperon; (2) the isobar model; and (3) the one-pion-exchange model. Model (1) is found to be inconclusive, model (2) is inadequate, and model (3) is partly successful in predicting total cross sections, but not in interpreting the detailed experimental observations.
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Differential cross sections as a function of momentum are presented for the production of π mesons, K mesons, protons, deuterons, tritons, and He3 at various laboratory angles by 2.9-BeV protons striking Be and Pt targets. The Be data were taken at 13°, 30°, 60°, and 93° relative to the direction of the Princeton-Pennsylvania Accelerator internal proton beam; the Pt data were taken at 13° and 93° only. The results are compared with the corresponding data in hydrogen in order to investigate the role of the complex nucleus in particle production at this energy.
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The ratio of sea to valence quarks for nucleons in tungsten has been measured for the fractional momentum range 0.04<xN<0.36. The determination is based on the relative production rate of muon pairs by π+ and π− beams on a tungsten target. The results provide the most accurate determination to date of this ratio in the region xN<0.1 and Q2>20 GeV2, and are in good agreement with earlier measurements.
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We report the first measurement of a structure dependent component in the decay K^+ -> mu^+ nu gamma. Using the kinematic region where the muon kinetic energy is greater than 137 MeV and the photon energy is greater than 90 MeV, we find that the absolute value of the sum of the vector and axial-vector form factors is |F_V+F_A| =0.165 \pm 0.007 \pm 0.011. This corresponds to a branching ratio of BR(SD^+) = (1.33 \pm 0.12 \pm 0.18) \times 10^{-5}. We also set the limit -0.04 < F_V-F_A < 0.24 at 90% c.l.
Q2 independence of the formfactors is assumed.
The distributions of quarks in the pion and nucleon are extracted from measurements of the reaction π−N→μ+μ−X at 253 GeV/c in a naive Drell-Yan analysis, as well as QCD-corrected analyses at leading-log and next-to-leading-log order. As xπ→1 the pion structure function shows a term that varies as 1mμμ4, which we interpret as a higher-twist effect. Additionally, the angular distribution of the μ+ in the muon-pair rest frame tends towards sin2θ as xπ→1 and as mμμ→0 in a manner consistent with higher-twist effects. When the strongly mass-dependent higher-twist effects are included as part of the pion structure function, the nucleon structure function agrees well with leading-twist results from deeply inelastic lepton-hadron scattering. A significant advance of the present work is the extension of the analysis to low masses by the subtraction of the Jψ and ψ′ resonances from the continuum. Our analysis covers the kinematic range 0.4<xπ<1.0 and 0.02<xN<0.33 with 3.0<mμμ<8.55 GeV/c2. Cross sections for ψ′ production are presented in an appendix.
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Data on muon-pair production by pions are used to determine the momentum distribution for valence quarks in the pion. The shape of a nucleon structure function is also obtained and is compared with a calculation based on existing data.
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Data from a study of muon pairs produced in hadron-nucleus collisions are compared with the Drell-Yan model. Comparison of dimuon production by π+ and π− mesons on an isoscalar target shows evidence for a charge asymmetry characteristic of an isospin-nonconserving electromagnetic process. The average transverse momentum of the pairs increases smoothly with pair mass. Data taken on carbon and tin targets are used to extract the dependence on target atomic weight.
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We present the results of a study of muon pairs with invariant masses greater than 4.05 GeV/c2 produced in high-energy pion-nucleon interactions. The production cross section together with the inferred pion and nucleon structure functions are reported and compared with other experiments and with QCD predictions. The transverse-momentum distributions are also presented. Finally, the full angular distribution in cosθ and φ is given as a function of mass, Feynman x, and transverse momentum. Longitudinal photon polarization is seen in the lower portion of the mass range at high xπ. This result is compared with a higher-twist model.
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