Cross sections for the photoproduction of neutral pions have been measured at the 1.1-GeV Frascati electron synchrotron for bombarding photon energies k between 400 and 800 MeV and for π0 c.m. angles of θπ*=90∘, 120∘, and 135∘. The main feature of the experiment is good resolution in incident photon energy. The results are in good agreement with the existing theories in the energy range of 450 to 550 MeV. The cross sections exhibit a smooth behavior as a function of energy for k=400−600 MeV. No immediate evidence is found of a contribution of the P11 resonance. An anomaly at the limit of statistical significance appears for k≃700−740 MeV, indicating a possible structure of the so-called second resonance. We attempt to interpret the observed anomaly as a reflection of the sharp opening of the η production channel (η cusp effect).
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Measurements of the differential cross section for the process γ+p→π0+p have been made at eight pion center-of-mass angles in the range 51-135° and for incident photon energies from approximately 600-1200 MeV. The bremsstrahlung photon beam used was obtained from the California Institute of Technology electron synchrotron. Both the recoil proton and one γ ray from the decay of the π0 were detected. The incident photon energy was determined by measuring the laboratory angle and time of flight of the recoil proton. The angular distributions obtained indicate that the third pion-nucleon resonance is predominantly a D(52) resonance excited by a magnetic quadrupole transition. It can also be concluded that any contribution to the π0 photoproduction cross section from a virtual vector-meson exchange process is probably negligible in the region of the second and third pion-nucleon resonances.
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The cross section for inelastic electron-proton scattering was measured at incident electron energies of 1.5 to 6 GeV by magnetic analysis of the scattered electrons at angles between 10° and 35°. For invariant masses of the hardonic final state W ⩽ 1.4 GeV. the measured spectra are compared with theoretical predictions for electroproduction of the Δ(1236) isobar. The magnetic dipole transition form factor G ∗ M ( q 2 ) of the (γ N Δ)-vertex is derived for momentum transfers q 2 = 0.2 − 2.34 (GeV/ c ) 2 ard found to decrease more rapidly with q 2 than the proton form factors.
Axis error includes +- 0.0/0.0 contribution.
We have measured differential cross sections of γ + p → p + η 0 at several energies. The angular distributions show that S 11 production is predominant in the energy range investigated and that the other resonant terms seen in π-production of η are absent or very low. Finally, experimental data are theoretically interpreted and the S 11 parameters deduced.
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π ° photoproduction cross sections on proton have been measured at π° c.m. angles between 115° and 180° and between 700 MeV and 1150 MeV photon energies by detecting only the recoil proton. Our results show clearly a peak at 135° around 1000 MeV energies as predicted by Walker's partial wave analysis.
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The π+ photoproduction cross section in hydrogen has been measured at 180° for photon energies from 0.22 to 3.1 GeV by detecting the pion in the backward direction. The statistical accuracy of the measurements varies typically from 3 to 10% depending on the energy. The data are compared with other recent experimental results and predictions of phenomenological theories.
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We measured the elastic and inelastic scattering of electrons on deuterium at 180° for four incident energies (70, 140, 210 and 280 MeV). The data were analysed with a technique allowing an accurate comparison between experiment and theory. We observed a good agreement for the inelastic data with the expected cross section, using the presently available models and nucleon form factors. The experimental elastic cross section is systematically larger than the predicted cross sections.
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Differential cross sections for single photoproduction of neutral pion on neutron have been measured at different c.m. angles for photon energies, between 450–800 MeV.
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Photoproduction of π−-mesons on deuteron has been studied in the first resonance region with an annihilation photon beam with adjustable peak energy (from 250 MeV to 400 MeV). A coincidence detection of both outgoing π−-meson and forward proton has been performed with a set of 9 multiwire proportional chambers (1700 wires) inside the gap of a spectrometer. The momentum of the second proton is computed from three-body kinematics; their distribution is found in excellent agreement with the spectator model, even at the top of the resonance. The differential cross-sections of π− have been measured from 100° to 180° (center of mass); they are in reasonable agreement with conventional multipole calculations and do not indicate an appreciable isotensor term.
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