The π − p→n γ and π − p→n π ° differential cross sections have been measured for −0.9< cos θ ∗ <−0.45 (θ ∗ c.m. scattering angle) at 475 MeV/ c and 550 MeV/ c incident momenta. The π − p→n γ measurement is a good check of the detailed balance principle in the electromagnetic interactions of hadrons at these energies and is in good agreement with Walker's analysis. On the other hand the π − p→ π °n extrapolated values of 180° allows one to verify that the phases of the A 1 2 and A 3 2 amplitudes are equal.
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BACKWARD CROSS SECTION ESTIMATED BY LEGENDRE POLYNOMIAL FIT.
Experimental results are presented for the available channels in the 1.2 GeV/ c π + p interaction. An isobaric model with incoherent addition of the amplitudes is used to determine the π, Δ and N ∗ abundance rates in the π + π o p final state. The multipole parameters in the density matrix of the Δ ++ are determined as functions of its production angle.
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LEGENDRE POLYNOMIAL FIT USED TO CORRECT FOR ELASTIC EVENTS LOST FROM THE FORWARD BIN.
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Differential cross sections for π−p elastic scattering over the angular range 155° to 177° in the center-of-mass system have been measured at 33 incident pion momenta in the range 600 to 1280 MeV/c. The experiment, which was performed at the Bevatron at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, employed a liquid hydrogen target, a double-arm spectrometer, and standard counter techniques to detect the elastic events. The data from this experiment are compared to all other published data in this momentum region. The over-all agreement is good. The data of this experiment are also compared with the results of the recent phase-shift analysis by Almehed and Lovelace. In the momentum region between 700 and 900 MeV/c, the slope of the backward angular distribution goes rapidly through zero from negative to positive, and the magnitude of the differential cross section falls by more than a factor of 10. Momentum-dependent structure is seen in the extrapolated differential cross sections at 180°. Two prominent dips in the 180° differential cross sections appear at 880 and 1150 MeV/c. This structure is discussed in terms of a direct-channel resonance model that assumes only resonant partial waves are contributing to the cross sections for large scattering angles.
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Electron-proton elastic scattering cross sections were measured at low four-momentum transfers squared ( q 2 from 0.13 to 2.15 fm −2 ) at six different energies between 150 and 275 MeV. The electric ( G E ) and magnetic ( G M ) form factors of the proton have been determined by Rosenbluth plots and independently by using analytical functions for the form factors to fit the cross sections. The electric form factor is found to deviate significantly from the dipole fit. From the slope of the form factor functions at q 2 = 0 the rms radii of the charge and the magnetic moment distribution were determined. The charge rms radius is found to be more than 10% larger than the value given by the dipole fit.
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Results are presented on the elastic scattering of photons by protons. The incident photon energy ranged from 0.55 GeV to 4.5 GeV, and the four-momentum transfer t ranged from 0.12 to 1.0 (GeV/c)2. The data at large angles, 60°<θ*<115°, are characterized by a pronounced excitation of the D13(1518) resonance, a shoulder in the 1688-MeV mass region, and a precipitous drop thereafter in the cross section as a function of incident energy. The low-t data are characterized by a diffraction slope of 5 (GeV/c)−2. The data are inconsistent with the predictions of the vector-dominance model if the latter is restricted to ρ0, ω, and φ vector mesons.
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The reaction e − + p → e − + p + π 0 has been studied in the region of the Δ (1236) resonance at a four-momentum transfer of the virtual photon of 0.3 (GeV/ c ) 2 . Angles and momenta of the secondary electron and of the outgoing proton were measured in coincidence to obtain the angular dependence of the differential cross section. The angular distribution for s- and p-waves of the pion in the πN cm-system was fitted to the cross section for three W -bins around the maximum of the resonance. The contribution of the resonant multipoles M 1+ , E 1+ and S 1+ to the cross section as well as the contribution of the background amplitudes M 1− , E 0+ and S 0+ are given.
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Photoproduction of π + and π − on deuterium has been measured in the photon energy range from 240 to 400 MeV and for pion c.m. angles between 15° and 180°. The pions were analysed in angle and momentum by a magnetic spectrometer. From the measured π − / π + ratio, corrected for Coulomb interactions in the final state, differential cross sections of the reaction γ +n→ π − +p were calculated. Together with the π + photoproduction our data show no isotensor contribution. Comparison of our data with the recent experiments done on the inverse reaction shows no evidence of a violation of time reversal invariance. With the measured π + photoproduction on deuterium, a test of the spectator model has been made. Using the closure-approximation of Chew and Lewis our data agree within a range of ±10%.
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Differential cross sections for the process γ p → p η have been measuredd at c.m. angles of 28°, 35° and 42° at incident energies between 2 GeV and 2.8 GeV. Data from an earlier experiment below 2 GeV have been re-analysed and corrected. The whole set of data is compared with the form ( s − M 2 ) 2 d σ /d t , which fits data at higher energies. There is good agreement above 2 GeV, particularly at the largest angle, but strong departures below.
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THESE DATA ARE A REANALYSIS OF THOSE REPORTED IN P. S. L. BOOTH ET AL., NP B25, 510 (1971). THE CORRECTED RESULTS ARE IN GENERAL ABOUT TWICE THE OLD VALUES.
The reaction K − + p → Σ 0 + η was studied using data from a 600 000 picture exposure at nine K − momenta from 862–1001 MeV/ c in the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory 25″ liquid hydrogen bubble chamber. Cross sections were obtained using both events where the η decayed via neutrals and events where the η decayed into π + π − π 0 . Angular distributions were obtained from only those events where the η decayed into π + π − π 0 . The results are compared to previous analyses and the questions of the Ση decay rate and SU(3) classification of the 1 2 − Σ(1750) are discussed.
FROM BOTH ETA --> NEUTRALS AND ETA --> PI+ PI0 PI- EVENTS.
The K − p reactions with final states Λπ 0 , Σ 0 π 0 , Λπ 0 π 0 , Λη and Σ 0 η have been studied at 14 momenta between 685 and 934 MeV/ c using optical spark chambers. The charged decay products of the Λ are detected by low mass spark chambers while γ-rays from π 0 and Σ 0 decays are detected in high mass chambers. Approximately 250 000 photographs were analysed from which partial and differential cross sections were determined. These results are presented with an energy dependent, single channel partial-wave analysis.
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