This Letter presents the first direct investigation of the p-$\Sigma^{0}$ interaction, using the femtoscopy technique in high-multiplicity pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV measured by the ALICE detector. The $\Sigma^{0}$ is reconstructed via the decay channel to $\Lambda \gamma$, and the subsequent decay of $\Lambda$ to p$\pi^{-}$. The photon is detected via the conversion in material to e$^{+}$e$^{-}$ pairs exploiting the unique capability of the ALICE detector to measure electrons at low transverse momenta. The measured p-$\Sigma^{0}$ correlation indicates a shallow strong interaction. The comparison of the data to several theoretical predictions obtained employing the Correlation Analysis Tool using the Schrödinger Equation (CATS) and the Lednický-Lyuboshits approach shows a reasonable agreement. The presented femtoscopic data cannot yet discriminate between different models, which is also the case for the available scattering and hypernuclei data. Nevertheless, the p-$\Sigma^{0}$ correlation function is found to be sensitive to the strong interaction, and driven by the interplay of the different spin and isospin channels. This pioneering study demonstrates the feasibility of a femtoscopic measurement in the p-$\Sigma^{0}$ channel and with the expected larger data samples in LHC Run 3 and Run 4, the p-$\Sigma^{0}$ interaction will be constrained with high precision.
Measured p$-$p $\oplus$ $\overline{\mathrm{p}}-\overline{\mathrm{p}}$ correlation function.
Measured correlation function of p$-\Sigma^{0}$p $\oplus$ $\overline{\mathrm{p}}-\overline{\Sigma^{0}}$
The Quark Gluon Plasma (QGP) produced in ultra relativistic heavy-ion collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) can be studied by measuring the modifications of jets formed by hard scattered partons which interact with the medium. We studied these modifications via angular correlations of jets with charged hadrons for jets with momenta 20 < $p_{\rm{T}}^{\rm{jet}}$ < 40 GeV/$c$ as a function of the associated particle momentum. The reaction plane fit (RPF) method is used in this analysis to remove the flow modulated background. The analysis of angular correlations for different orientations of the jet relative to the second order event plane allows for the study of the path length dependence of medium modifications to jets. We present the dependence of azimuthal angular correlations of charged hadrons with respect to the angle of the axis of a reconstructed jet relative to the event plane in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm{NN}}}$ = 2.76 TeV. The dependence of particle yields associated with jets on the angle of the jet with respect to the event plane is presented. Correlations at different angles relative to the event plane are compared through ratios and differences of the yield. No dependence of the results on the angle of the jet with respect to the event plane is observed within uncertainties, which is consistent with no significant path length dependence of the medium modifications for this observable.
The near-side and away-side yield vs $p_{T}^{assoc}$ for $20<p_T^{jet}<40$ GeV/$c$ full jets of 30-50% centrality in Pb-Pb collisions. The background uncertainty is non-trivially correlated point-to-point. The correlated systematic uncertainties come from the shape uncertainty of the acceptance correction. There is an additional 5% global scale uncertainty.
The differences between out-of-plane and in-plane yields and mid-plane and in-plane yields on near-side and away-side vs $p_{T}^{assoc}$ for $20<p_T^{jet}<40$ GeV/$c$ full jets of 30-50% centrality in Pb-Pb collisions. The background uncertainty is non-trivially correlated point-to-point. The correlated systematic uncertainties come from the shape uncertainty of the acceptance correction. There is an additional 5% global scale uncertainty.
The ratios of out-of-plane to in-plane yields and mid-plane to in-plane yields on near-side and away-side vs $p_{T}^{assoc}$ for $20<p_T^{jet}<40$ GeV/$c$ full jets of 30-50% centrality in Pb-Pb collisions. The background uncertainty is non-trivially correlated point-to-point. The correlated systematic uncertainties come from the shape uncertainty of the acceptance correction.
Measurements of K∗ (892) 0 and φ(1020)resonance production in Pb–Pb and pp collisions at √ sNN = 5.02 TeV with the ALICE detector at the Large Hadron Collider are reported. The resonances are measured at midrapidity (|y| < 0.5) via their hadronic decay channels and the transverse momentum (pT) distributions are obtained for various collision centrality classes up to pT = 20 GeV/c. The pT-integrated yield ratio K∗ (892) 0/K in Pb–Pb collisions shows significant suppression relative to pp collisions and decreases towards more central collisions. In contrast, the φ(1020)/K ratio does not show any suppression. Furthermore, the measured K∗ (892) 0/K ratio in central Pb–Pb collisions is significantly suppressed with respect to the expectations based on a thermal model calculation, while the φ(1020)/K ratio agrees with the model prediction. These measurements are an experimental demonstration of rescattering of K∗ (892) 0 decay products in the hadronic phase of the collisions. The K∗ (892) 0/K yield ratios in Pb–Pb and pp collisions are used to estimate the time duration between chemical and kinetic freeze-out, which is found to be ∼ 4–7 fm/c for central collisions. The pT-differential ratios of K∗ (892) 0/K, φ(1020)/K, K∗ (892) 0/π, φ(1020)/π, p/K ∗ (892) 0 and p/φ(1020) are also presented for Pb–Pb and pp collisions at √ sNN = 5.02 TeV. These ratios show that the rescattering effect is predominantly a low-pT phenomenon.
$p_{\rm T}$-distributions of $\rm{K}^{*0}$ (average of particle and anti-particle) meson measured in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV.
$p_{\rm T}$-distributions of $\rm{K}^{*0}$ (average of particle and anti-particle) meson measured in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 5.02 TeV.
$p_{\rm T}$-distributions of $\phi$ meson measured in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV.
The inclusive J/$\psi$ meson production in Pb-Pb collisions at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon-nucleon collision of $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV at midrapidity ($|y|$ < 0.9) is reported by the ALICE Collaboration. The measurements are performed in the dielectron decay channel, as a function of event centrality and J/$\psi$ transverse momentum $p_{\rm T}$, down to $p_{\rm T}$ = 0 GeV/$c$. The J/$\psi$ mean transverse momentum $\langle p_{\rm T} \rangle$ and $r_{\rm AA}$ ratio, defined as $\langle p^{\rm 2}_{\rm T} \rangle_{\rm PbPb}/\langle p^{\rm 2}_{\rm T} \rangle_{\rm pp}$, are evaluated. Both observables show a centrality dependence decreasing towards central (head-on) collisions. The J/$\psi$ nuclear modification factor $R_{\rm AA}$ exhibits a strong $p_{\rm T}$ dependence with a large suppression at high $p_{\rm T}$ and an increase to unity for decreasing $p_{\rm T}$. When integrating over the measured momentum range $p_{\rm T}$ < 10 GeV/$c$, the J/$\psi$ $R_{\rm AA}$ shows a weak centrality dependence. Each measurement is compared with results at lower center-of-mass energies and with ALICE measurements at forward rapidity, as well as to theory calculations. All reported features of the J/$\psi$ production at low $p_{\rm T}$ are consistent with a dominant contribution to the J/$\psi$ yield originating from charm quark (re)combination.
Transverse momentum dependence of the inclusive J/$\psi$ yields in Pb$-$Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = 5.02$ TeV at midrapidity in the centrality intervals 0$-$20%, 20$-$40%, and 40$-$90%.
Inclusive J/$\psi$ $\langle p_{\rm T} \rangle$ in Pb$-$Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = 5.02$ TeV at midrapidity as a function of the mean number of participant nucleons.
Inclusive J/$\psi$ $r_{\rm AA} = \langle p^{2}_{\rm T} \rangle_{\rm PbPb} / \langle p^{2}_{\rm T} \rangle_{\rm pp}$ in Pb$-$Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = 5.02$ TeV at midrapidity as a function of the mean number of participant nucleons. The correlated systematic uncertainty due to the pp reference is not included and amounts to 4.7%, shown as the red box around unity in the paper figure.
The transverse momentum (pT) differential yields of (anti-)He3 and (anti-)H3 measured in p-Pb collisions at sNN = 5.02 TeV with ALICE at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) are presented. The ratios of the pT-integrated yields of (anti-)He3 and (anti-)H3 to the proton yields are reported, as well as the pT dependence of the coalescence parameters B3 for (anti-)He3 and (anti-)H3. For (anti-)He3, the results obtained in four classes of the mean charged-particle multiplicity density are also discussed. These results are compared to predictions from a canonical statistical hadronization model and coalescence approaches. An upper limit on the total yield of 4He¯ is determined.
Integrated production yield obtained from the average of $^3\mathrm{He}$ and $^3\overline{\mathrm{He}}$ corrected for the spin degeneracy factor $(2J +1)$ for minimum-bias p--Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}} = 5.02$
Upper limit on the integrated production yield of $^4\overline{\mathrm{He}}$ at 90$\%$ confidence level corrected for the spin degeneracy factor $(2J +1)$ for minimum-bias p--Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}} = 5.02$
Transverse momentum spectra of (anti-)$^3\mathrm{He}$ measured in $\mathrm{INEL}>0$ p--Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}} = 5.02$
The multiplicity dependence of electron production from heavy-flavour hadron decays as a function of transverse momentum was measured in p-Pb collisions at $ \sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} $ = 5.02 TeV using the ALICE detector at the LHC. The measurement was performed in the centre-of-mass rapidity interval −1.07 < y$_{cms}$< 0.14 and transverse momentum interval 2 < p$_{T}$< 16 GeV/c. The multiplicity dependence of the production of electrons from heavy-flavour hadron decays was studied by comparing the p$_{T}$ spectra measured for different multiplicity classes with those measured in pp collisions (Q$_{pPb}$) and in peripheral p-Pb collisions (Q$_{cp}$). The Q$_{pPb}$ results obtained are consistent with unity within uncertainties in the measured p$_{T}$ interval and event classes. This indicates that heavy-flavour decay electron production is consistent with binary scaling and independent of the geometry of the collision system. Additionally, the results suggest that cold nuclear matter effects are negligible within uncertainties, in the production of heavy-flavour decay electrons at midrapidity in p-Pb collisions.[graphic not available: see fulltext]
$p_{\rm T}$-differential invariant cross section of electrons from heavy-flavour hadron decays in p--Pb collisions
$p_{\rm T}$-differential invariant cross section of electrons from heavy-flavour hadron decays in p--Pb collisions in 0--20\% centrality
$p_{\rm T}$-differential invariant cross section of electrons from heavy-flavour hadron decays in p--Pb collisions in 20--40\% centrality
This paper presents the first measurements of the charge independent (CI) and charge dependent (CD) two-particle transverse momentum correlators $G_{2}^{\rm CI}$ and $G_{2}^{\rm CD}$ in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm{NN}}}$ = 2.76 TeV by the ALICE collaboration. The correlators are measured as a function of pair separation in pseudorapidity ($\Delta \eta$) and azimuth ($\Delta \varphi$) and as a function of collision centrality. The correlator $G_{2}^{\rm CI}$ exhibits a longitudinal broadening while undergoing a monotonic azimuthal narrowing from peripheral to central collisions. By contrast, $G_{2}^{\rm CD}$ exhibits a narrowing along both dimensions towards central events. These features are not reproduced by models such as HIJING and AMPT. However, the observed narrowing of the correlators is expected to result from the stronger transverse flow profiles produced in more central collisions and the longitudinal broadening is predicted to be sensitive to momentum currents and the shear viscosity per unit of entropy density $\eta/s$ of the matter produced in the collisions. The observed broadening is found to be consistent with the hypothesized lower bound of $\eta/s$ and is in qualitative agreement with values obtained from anisotropic flow measurements.
Longitudinal width evolution with the number of participants of the two-particle transverse momentum correlation $G_{2}^{\rm CI}$ in Pb--Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=2.76\;\text{TeV}$. The widths are extracted from bi-dimensional (2D) or projection (1D) fits of the correlation function.
Two-particle transverse momentum correlation $G_{2}^{\rm CI}$ for central (0-5%) Pb--Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=2.76\;\text{TeV}$.
Two-particle transverse momentum correlation $G_{2}^{\rm CI}$ for semi-central (30-40%) Pb--Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=2.76\;\text{TeV}$.
This article reports measurements characterizing the Underlying Event (UE) associated with hard scatterings at midrapidity ($ |\eta| < 0.8 $) in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV. The hard scatterings are identified by the leading particle, the charged particle with the highest transverse momentum ($p_{\rm{T}}^{\rm{leading}}$) in the event. Charged-particle numbers and summed transverse-momentum densities are measured in different azimuthal regions defined with respect to the leading particle direction: Toward, Transverse, and Away. The Toward and Away regions contain the fragmentation products of the hard scatterings in addition to the UE contribution, whereas particles in the Transverse region are expected to originate predominantly from the UE. The study is performed as a function of $p_{\rm{T}}^{\rm{leading}}$ with three different $p_{\rm{T}}$ thresholds for the associated particles, $p_{\rm{T}}^{\rm{track}}>$ 0.15, 0.5, and 1.0 GeV/$c$. The charged-particle density in the Transverse region rises steeply for low values of $p_{\rm{T}}^{\rm{leading}}$ and reaches a plateau. The results confirm the trend observed at lower collision energies that the charged-particle density in the Transverse region shows a stronger increase with $\sqrt{s}$ than the inclusive charged-particle density at midrapidity. The plateau in the Transverse region ($5 < p_{\rm{T}}^{\rm{leading}} < 40$ GeV/$c$) is further characterized by the probability distribution of its charged-particle multiplicity normalized to its average value (relative transverse activity, $R_{\rm{T}}$) and the mean transverse momentum as a function of $R_{\rm{T}}$. Experimental results are compared to model calculations obtained using PYTHIA 8 and EPOS LHC. The overall agreement between models and data is within 30%. These measurements provide new insights on the interplay between hard scatterings and the associated UE in pp collisions.
Fig. 10: $<p_{T}>$ in the Transverse region as a function of $R_{T}$ for $p_{T}^{track} >$ 0.15 GeV/$c$ and $|\\eta|<$ 0.8. Data (solid circles) are compared to the results of PYTHIA 8 and EPOS LHC calculations (lines). The open boxes represent the systematic uncertainties and vertical error bars indicate statistical uncertainties. No uncertainties are shown for the MC calculations. The bottom panel shows the ratio of the MC to data.
Fig. 3: Number density $N_{ch}$ (left) and $\\Sigma p_{T}$ (right) distributions as a function of $p_{T}^{leading}$ in Toward, Transverse, and Away regions for $p_{T}^{track} >$ 0.15 GeV/$c$. The shaded areas represent the systematic uncertainties and vertical error bars indicate statistical uncertainties.
Fig. A1: Number density $N_{ch}$ (left) and $\\Sigma p_{T}$ (right) distributions as a function of pleadingT and the comparisons to MC predictions in Toward (top), Transverse (middle), and Away (bottom) regions for $p_{T}^{track} >$ 0.5 GeV/$c$. The shaded areas in the upper panels represent the systematic uncertainties and vertical error bars indicate statistical uncertainties. In the lower panels, the shaded areas are the sum in quadrature of statistical and systematic uncertainties from the upper panels. No uncertainties are given for the MC calculations.
The differential invariant cross section as a function of transverse momentum ($p_\rm{T}$) of electrons from semileptonic heavy-flavour hadron decays was measured at midrapidity in proton-proton (pp) collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 5.02 TeV in the $p_\rm{T}$ interval 0.5-10 GeV/$c$, as well as the invariant yield in central (0-10%), semi-central (30-50%) and peripheral (60-80%) lead-lead (Pb-Pb) collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm{NN}}}$ = 5.02 TeV in the $p_{\rm{T}}$ intervals 0.5-26 GeV/$c$ (0-10% and 30-50%) and 0.5-10 GeV/$c$ (60-80%). The modification of the electron yield with respect to what is expected for an incoherent superposition of nucleon-nucleon collisions is evaluated by measuring the nuclear modification factor $R_{\rm{AA}}$. The measurement of the $R_{\rm{AA}}$ in different centrality classes allows in-medium energy loss of charm and beauty quarks to be investigated. Moreover, the measured $R_{\rm{AA}}$ is sensitive to the modification of the parton distribution functions (PDF) in nuclei, like nuclear shadowing, which causes a suppression of the heavy-quark production at low $p_\rm{T}$ in heavy-ion collisions at LHC.
HFe cross section in pp
HFe cross section in Pb-Pb, 0-10 centrality
HFe cross section in Pb-Pb, 30-50 centrality
This article reports measurements of the $p_{\rm{T}}$-differential inclusive jet cross-section in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 5.02 TeV and the $p_{\rm{T}}$-differential inclusive jet yield in Pb-Pb 0-10% central collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm{NN}}}$ = 5.02 TeV. Jets were reconstructed at mid-rapidity with the ALICE tracking detectors and electromagnetic calorimeter using the anti-$k_{\rm{T}}$ algorithm. For pp collisions, we report jet cross-sections for jet resolution parameters $R=0.1-0.6$ over the range $20<p_{\rm{T,jet}}<140$ GeV/$c$, as well as the jet cross-section ratios of different $R$, and comparisons to two next-to-leading-order (NLO)-based theoretical predictions. For Pb-Pb collisions, we report the $R=0.2$ and $R=0.4$ jet spectra for $40<p_{\rm{T,jet}}<140$ GeV/$c$ and $60<p_{\rm{T,jet}}<140$ GeV/$c$, respectively. The scaled ratio of jet yields observed in Pb-Pb to pp collisions, $R_{\rm{AA}}$, is constructed, and exhibits strong jet quenching and a clear $p_{\rm{T}}$-dependence for $R=0.2$. No significant $R$-dependence of the jet $R_{\rm{AA}}$ is observed within the uncertainties of the measurement. These results are compared to several theoretical predictions.
Fig. 1 Left, data for jet radius R=0.1. Unfolded pp full jet cross-section at $\sqrt{s}$ = 5.02 TeV for R = 0.1 − 0.6. No leading track requirement is imposed.
Fig. 1 Left, data for jet radius R=0.2. Unfolded pp full jet cross-section at $\sqrt{s}$ = 5.02 TeV for R = 0.1 − 0.6. No leading track requirement is imposed.
Fig. 1 Left, data for jet radius R=0.3. Unfolded pp full jet cross-section at $\sqrt{s}$ = 5.02 TeV for R = 0.1 − 0.6. No leading track requirement is imposed.
The inclusive J/ψ production in Pb–Pb collisions at the center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair $ \sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} $ = 5.02 TeV, measured with the ALICE detector at the CERN LHC, is reported. The J/ψ meson is reconstructed via the dimuon decay channel at forward rapidity (2.5 < y < 4) down to zero transverse momentum. The suppression of the J/ψ yield in Pb–Pb collisions with respect to binary-scaled pp collisions is quantified by the nuclear modification factor (R$_{AA}$). The R$_{AA}$ at $ \sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} $ = 5.02 TeV is presented and compared with previous measurements at $ \sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} $ = 2.76 TeV as a function of the centrality of the collision, and of the J/ψ transverse momentum and rapidity. The inclusive J/ψ RAA shows a suppression increasing toward higher transverse momentum, with a steeper dependence for central collisions. The modification of the J/ψ average transverse momentum and average squared transverse momentum is also studied. Comparisons with the results of models based on a transport equation and on statistical hadronization are carried out.[graphic not available: see fulltext]
Transverse momentum dependence (in 0-90% centrality class) of the inclusive J/$\psi$ $R_{\rm AA}$. The first uncertainty is statistical, the second is the uncorrelated systematic, while the third one is a $p_{\rm T}$-correlated systematic uncertainty.
The minimum and maximum variations for the $R_{\rm AA}$ of prompt J/$\psi$ with respect to the $R_{\rm AA}$ values of inclusive J/$\psi$ reported in Table 1. The variations correspond to two extreme hypotheses on the unknown contribution of non-prompt J/$\psi$.
Transverse momentum dependence (in 0-90% centrality class) of the ratio of the inclusive J/$\psi$ $R_{\rm AA}$ at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$= 5.02 and 2.76 TeV. The first uncertainty is statistical, the second is the uncorrelated systematic, while the third one is a $p_{\rm T}$-correlated systematic uncertainty.
The global polarization of the $\Lambda$ and $\overline\Lambda$ hyperons is measured for Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm{NN}}}$ = 2.76 and 5.02 TeV recorded with the ALICE at the LHC. The results are reported differentially as a function of collision centrality and hyperon's transverse momentum ($p_{\rm{T}}$) for the range of centrality 5-50%, $0.5 < p_{\rm{T}} <5$ GeV/$c$, and rapidity $|y|<0.5$. The hyperon global polarization averaged for Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm{NN}}}$ = 2.76 and 5.02 TeV is found to be consistent with zero, $\langle P_{\rm{H}}\rangle$ (%) $\approx$ 0.01 $\pm$ 0.06 (stat.) $\pm$ 0.03 (syst.) in the collision centrality range 15-50%, where the largest signal is expected. The results are compatible with expectations based on an extrapolation from measurements at lower collision energies at RHIC, hydrodynamical model calculations, and empirical estimates based on collision energy dependence of directed flow, all of which predict the global polarization values at LHC energies of the order of 0.01%.
The average $(\Lambda+\bar\Lambda) \times (2.76+5.02)$ global polarization in Pb-Pb collisions for centrality 15-50%.
The $\bar\Lambda$ global polarization as function of centrality for Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=2.76$~TeV.
The $\bar\Lambda$ global polarization as function of centrality for Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=5.02$~TeV.
The production rates and the transverse momentum distribution of strange hadrons at mid-rapidity ($\ |y\ | < 0.5$) are measured in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV as a function of the charged particle multiplicity, using the ALICE detector at the LHC. It is found that the production rates of $\rm{K}^{0}_{S}$, $\Lambda$, $\Xi$, and $\Omega$ increase with the multiplicity faster than what is reported for inclusive charged particles. The increase is found to be more pronounced for hadrons with a larger strangeness content. Possible auto-correlations between the charged particles and the strange hadrons are evaluated by measuring the event-activity with charged particle multiplicity estimators covering different pseudorapidity regions. The yields of strange hadrons are found to depend only on the mid-rapidity multiplicity for charged particle multiplicity estimators selecting in the forward region, which turn out to be more directly related to the number of Multiple Parton Interactions. Several features of the data are reproduced qualitatively by general purpose QCD Monte Carlo models that take into account the effect of densely-packed QCD strings in high multiplicity collisions. However, none of the tested models reproduce the data quantitatively. This work corroborates and extends the ALICE findings on strangeness production in proton-proton collisions at 7 TeV.
$K^{0}_{S}$ transverse momentum spectrum - V0M multiplicity classes. Total systematic uncertainties include both correlated and uncorrelated uncertainties across multiplicity. Uncorrelated systematic originating from the multiplicity dependence of the efficiency (2%) is not included.
$\Lambda+\bar{\Lambda}$ transverse momentum spectrum - V0M multiplicity classes. Total systematic uncertainties include both correlated and uncorrelated uncertainties across multiplicity. Uncorrelated systematic originating from the multiplicity dependence of the efficiency (2%) is not included.
$\Xi^{-}+\bar{\Xi^{+}}$ transverse momentum spectrum - V0M multiplicity classes. Total systematic uncertainties include both correlated and uncorrelated uncertainties across multiplicity. Uncorrelated systematic originating from the multiplicity dependence of the efficiency (2%) is not included.
An improved value for the lifetime of the (anti-)hypertriton has been obtained using the data sample of Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} = $ 5.02 TeV collected by the ALICE experiment at the LHC. The (anti-)hypertriton has been reconstructed via its charged two-body mesonic decay channel and the lifetime has been determined from an exponential fit to the d$N$/d($ct$) spectrum. The measured value, $\tau$ = 242$^{+34}_{-38}$ (stat.) $\pm$ 17 (syst.) ps, is compatible with all the available theoretical predictions, thus contributing to the solution of the longstanding hypertriton lifetime puzzle.
(Hypertriton + Anti-Hypertriton)dN/d(ct) distribution.
The first measurement of the $\Upsilon(1{\rm S})$ elliptic flow coefficient ($v_2$) is performed at forward rapidity (2.5 $<$ $y$ $<$ 4) in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = 5.02$ TeV with the ALICE detector at the LHC. The results are obtained with the scalar product method and are reported as a function of transverse momentum ($p_{\rm{T}}$) up to 15 GeV/$c$ in the 5-60% centrality interval. The measured $\Upsilon(1{\rm S})$ $v_2$ is consistent with zero and with the small positive values predicted by transport models within uncertainties. The $v_2$ coefficient in 2 $<$ $p_{\rm T}$ $<$ 15 GeV/$c$ is lower than that of inclusive J/$\psi$ mesons in the same $p_{\rm{T}}$ interval by 2.6 standard deviations. These results, combined with earlier suppression measurements, are in agreement with a scenario in which the $\Upsilon$(1S) production in Pb-Pb collisions at LHC energies is dominated by dissociation limited to the early stage of the collision whereas in the J/$\psi$ case there is substantial experimental evidence of an additional regeneration component.
The J/$\psi$ $v_2$ coefficient as a function of $p_{\rm T}$ in 5-60% centrality interval in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV.
The $\Upsilon$(1S) $v_2$ coefficient as a function of $p_{\rm T}$ in 5-60% centrality interval in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV.
The J/$\psi$ $v_2$ coefficient in three centrality intervals integrated over the transverse momentum range 2~$<$~$p_{\rm T}$~$<$~15 GeV/$c$ in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV.
The measurement of the production of prompt D$^0$, D$^+$, D$^{*+}$, and D$^+_s$ mesons in proton$-$lead (p$-$Pb) collisions at the centre-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV, with an integrated luminosity of $292\pm 11$ $\mu$b$^{-1}$, are reported. Differential production cross sections are measured at mid-rapidity ($-0.96<y_{\rm cms}<0.04$) as a function of transverse momentum ($p_{\rm T}$) in the intervals $0< p_{\rm T} < 36$ GeV/$c$ for D$^0$, $1< p_{\rm T} <36$ GeV/$c$ for D$^+$ and D$^{*+}$, and $2< p_{\rm T} <24$ GeV/$c$ for D$^+_s$ mesons. For each species, the nuclear modification factor $R_{\rm pPb}$ is calculated as a function of $p_{\rm T}$ using a proton-proton (pp) reference measured at the same collision energy. The results are compatible with unity in the whole $p_{\rm T}$ range. The average of the non-strange D mesons $R_{\rm pPb}$ is compared with theoretical model predictions that include initial-state effects and parton transport model predictions. The $p_{\rm T}$ dependence of the D$^0$, D$^+$, and D$^{*+}$ nuclear modification factors is also reported in the interval $1< p_{\rm T} < 36$ GeV/$c$ as a function of the collision centrality, and the central-to-peripheral ratios are computed from the D-meson yields measured in different centrality classes. The results are further compared with charged-particle measurements and a similar trend is observed in all the centrality classes. The ratios of the $p_{\rm T}$-differential cross sections of D$^0$, D$^+$, D$^{*+}$, and D$^+_s$ mesons are also reported. The D$^+_s$ and D$^+$ yields are compared as a function of the charged-particle multiplicity for several $p_{\rm T}$ intervals. No modification in the relative abundances of the four species is observed with respect to pp collisions within the statistical and systematic uncertainties.
Ratio of prompt Ds+ over D+ production cross section as a function of the charged particle pseudorapidity density in p-Pb collisions at $\mathbf{\sqrt{{\textit s}_{\rm NN}}~=~5.02~TeV}$.
Ratio of prompt Ds+ over D+ production cross section as a function of the charged particle pseudorapidity density in p-Pb collisions at $\mathbf{\sqrt{{\textit s}_{\rm NN}}~=~5.02~TeV}$.
Ratio of prompt Ds+ over D+ production cross section as a function of the charged particle pseudorapidity density in p-Pb collisions at $\mathbf{\sqrt{{\textit s}_{\rm NN}}~=~5.02~TeV}$.
The measurement of the deuteron and anti-deuteron production in the rapidity range $-1 < y < 0$ as a function of transverse momentum and event multiplicity in p-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm{NN}}}$ = 5.02 TeV is presented. (Anti-)deuterons are identified via their specific energy loss $\rm{d}E/\rm{d}x$ and via their time-of-flight. Their production in p-Pb collisions is compared to pp and Pb-Pb collisions and is discussed within the context of thermal and coalescence models. The ratio of integrated yields of deuterons to protons (d/p) shows a significant increase as a function of the charged-particle multiplicity of the event starting from values similar to those observed in pp collisions at low multiplicities and approaching those observed in Pb-Pb collisions at high multiplicities. The mean transverse momenta are extracted from the deuteron spectra and the values are similar to those obtained for p and $\Lambda$ particles. Thus, deuteron spectra do not follow mass ordering. This behaviour is in contrast to the trend observed for non-composite particles in p-Pb collisions. In addition, the production of the rare $^{3}{\rm{He}}$ and $^{3}\overline{\rm He}$ nuclei has been studied. The spectrum corresponding to all non-single diffractive p-Pb collisions is obtained in the rapidity window $-1 < y < 0$ and the $p_{\rm{T}}$-integrated yield d$N$/d$y$ is extracted. It is found that the yields of protons, deuterons, and $^{3}{\rm{He}}$, normalised by the spin degeneracy factor, follow an exponential decrease with mass number.
Transverse momentum distributions of deuterons in the 0-10% V0A multiplicity class
Transverse momentum distributions of anti-deuterons in the 60-100% V0A multiplicity class
$\bar{d}$/d ratio as a function of transverse momentum in the 0-10% V0A multiplicity class
The production cross section of inclusive isolated photons has been measured by the ALICE experiment at the CERN LHC in pp collisions at a centre-of-momentum energy of $\sqrt{s}=$ 7 TeV. The measurement is performed with the electromagnetic calorimeter EMCal and the central tracking detectors, covering a range of $|\eta|<0.27$ in pseudorapidity and a transverse momentum range of $ 10 < p_{\rm T}^{\gamma} < $ 60 GeV/$c$. The result extends the $p_{\rm T}$ coverage of previously published results of the ATLAS and CMS experiments at the same collision energy to smaller $p_{\rm T}$. The measurement is compared to next-to-leading order perturbative QCD calculations and to the results from the ATLAS and CMS experiments. All measurements and theory predictions are in agreement with each other.
Double $p_{T}$-differential production cross section of isolated photons in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$=7 TeV in the rapidity interval -0.27<$\eta$<0.27.
The study of the strength and behavior of the antikaon-nucleon (K¯N) interaction constitutes one of the key focuses of the strangeness sector in low-energy quantum chromodynamics (QCD). In this Letter a unique high-precision measurement of the strong interaction between kaons and protons, close and above the kinematic threshold, is presented. The femtoscopic measurements of the correlation function at low pair-frame relative momentum of (K+p⊕K−p¯) and (K-p⊕K+p¯) pairs measured in pp collisions at s=5, 7, and 13 TeV are reported. A structure observed around a relative momentum of 58 MeV/c in the measured correlation function of (K-p⊕K+p¯) with a significance of 4.4σ constitutes the first experimental evidence for the opening of the (K¯0n⊕K0n¯) isospin breaking channel due to the mass difference between charged and neutral kaons. The measured correlation functions have been compared to Jülich and Kyoto models in addition to the Coulomb potential. The high-precision data at low relative momenta presented in this work prove femtoscopy to be a powerful complementary tool to scattering experiments and provide new constraints above the K¯N threshold for low-energy QCD chiral models.
K-p correlation function in p-p collisions at $\sqrt{s}=5$ TeV.
K-p correlation function in p-p collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7$ TeV.
K-p correlation function in p-p collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV.
This work presents new constraints on the existence and the binding energy of a possible $\Lambda$-$\Lambda$ bound state, the H-dibaryon, derived from $\Lambda$-$\Lambda$ femtoscopic measurements by the ALICE collaboration. The results are obtained from a new measurement using the femtoscopy technique in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV and p-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=5.02$ TeV, combined with previously published results from p-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7$ TeV. The $\Lambda$-$\Lambda$ scattering parameter space, spanned by the inverse scattering length $f_0^{-1}$ and the effective range $d_0$, is constrained by comparing the measured $\Lambda$-$\Lambda$ correlation function with calculations obtained within the Lednicky model. The data are compatible with hypernuclei results and lattice computations, both predicting a shallow attractive interaction, and permit to test different theoretical approaches describing the $\Lambda$-$\Lambda$ interaction. The region in the $(f_0^{-1},d_0)$ plane which would accommodate a $\Lambda$-$\Lambda$ bound state is substantially restricted compared to previous studies. The binding energy of the possible $\Lambda$-$\Lambda$ bound state is estimated within an effective-range expansion approach and is found to be $B_{\Lambda\Lambda}=3.2^{+1.6}_{-2.4}\mathrm{(stat)}^{+1.8}_{-1.0}\mathrm{(syst)}$ MeV.
Exclusion plot for the $\Lambda$-$\Lambda$ binding energy (statistical uncertainty).
Exclusion plot for the $\Lambda$-$\Lambda$ binding energy (total uncertainty).
p-p correlation function in p-p collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV.
Inclusive J/$\psi$ production is studied in minimum-bias proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}$ = 5.02 TeV by ALICE at the CERN LHC. The measurement is performed at mid-rapidity ($|y| < 0.9$) in the dielectron decay channel down to zero transverse momentum $p_{\rm T}$, using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $L_{\rm int} = 19.4 \pm$ 0.4 nb$^{-1}$. The measured $p_{\rm T}$-integrated inclusive J/$\psi$ production cross section is d$\sigma$/d$y$ = 5.64 $\pm$ 0.22 (stat.) $\pm 0.33$ (syst.) $\pm 0.12$ (lumi.) $\mu$b. The $p_{\rm T}$-differential cross section d$^{2} \sigma$/d$p_{\rm T}$d$y$ is measured in the $p_{\rm T}$ range 0$-$10 GeV/$c$ and compared with state-of-the-art perturbative QCD calculations. The J/$\psi$ $\langle p_{\rm T} \rangle$ and $\langle p_{\rm T}^{2} \rangle$ are extracted and compared with results obtained at other collision energies.
$p_{\rm T}$-integrated inclusive J/$\psi$ cross section.
$p_{\rm T}$-differential inclusive J/$\psi$ cross section.
Mean $p_{\rm T}$ square of the inclusive J/$\psi$ spectrum at 5.02 TeV.
Production cross sections of muons from semi-leptonic decays of charm and beauty hadrons were measured at forward rapidity ($2.5<y<4$) in proton--proton (pp) collisions at a centre-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s}=5.02$ TeV with the ALICE detector at the CERN LHC. The results were obtained in an extended transverse momentum interval, $2 < p_{\rm T} < 20$ GeV/$c$, and with an improved precision compared to previous measurements performed in the same rapidity interval at centre-of-mass energies $\sqrt{s}= 2.76$ and 7 TeV. The $p_{\rm T}$- and $y$-differential production cross sections as well as the $p_{\rm T}$-differential production cross section ratios between different centre-of-mass energies and different rapidity intervals are described, within experimental and theoretical uncertainties, by predictions based on perturbative QCD.
$p_{\rm T}$-differential production cross section of muons from heavy-flavour hadron decays at forward rapidity in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=5.02$ TeV in the rapidity interval $2.5 < y < 4$.
Production cross section of muons from heavy-flavour hadron decays as a function of rapidity in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 5.02$ TeV for the $p_{\rm T}$ interval $2 < p_{\rm T} < 7$ GeV/$c$.
Production cross section of muons from heavy-flavour hadron decays as a function of rapidity in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 5.02$ TeV for the $p_{\rm T}$ interval $7 < p_{\rm T} < 20$ GeV/$c$.
We present a study of the inclusive charged-particle transverse momentum ( $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ ) spectra as a function of charged-particle multiplicity density at mid-pseudorapidity, $\mathrm{d}N_{\mathrm{ch}}/\mathrm{d}\eta $ , in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=5.02$ and 13 TeV covering the kinematic range $|\eta |<0.8$ and $0.15<p_{\mathrm{T}} <20$ GeV/c. The results are presented for events with at least one charged particle in $|\eta |<1$ (INEL $\,>0$ ). The $p_\mathrm{T}$ spectra are reported for two multiplicity estimators covering different pseudorapidity regions. The $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ spectra normalized to that for INEL $\,>0$ show little energy dependence. Moreover, the high- $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ yields of charged particles increase faster than the charged-particle multiplicity density. The average ${ p}_{\mathrm{T}}$ as a function of multiplicity and transverse spherocity is reported for pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV. For low- (high-) spherocity events, corresponding to jet-like (isotropic) events, the average $p_\mathrm{T}$ is higher (smaller) than that measured in INEL $\,>0$ pp collisions. Within uncertainties, the functional form of $\langle p_{\mathrm{T}} \rangle (N_{\mathrm{ch}})$ is not affected by the spherocity selection. While EPOS LHC gives a good description of many features of data, PYTHIA overestimates the average $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ in jet-like events.
Transverse momentum spectra as a function of the event multiplicity for pp collisions at 13 TeV. Event multiplicity is estimated with the number of SPD tracklets. Uncorrelated systematic uncertainties are the multiplicity dependent systematic uncertainties.
Transverse momentum spectra as a function of the event multiplicity for pp collisions at 5.02 TeV. Event multiplicity is estimated with the number of SPD tracklets. Uncorrelated systematic uncertainties are the multiplicity dependent systematic uncertainties.
Transverse momentum spectra as a function of the event multiplicity for pp collisions at 13 TeV. Event multiplicity is estimated with the signal in the VZERO detector. Uncorrelated systematic uncertainties are the multiplicity dependent systematic uncertainties.
The cross section of jets reconstructed from charged particles is measured in the transverse momentum range of $5<p_\mathrm{T}<100\ \mathrm{GeV}/c$ in pp collisions at the center-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s} = 5.02\ \mathrm{TeV}$ with the ALICE detector. The jets are reconstructed using the anti-$k_\mathrm{T}$ algorithm with resolution parameters $R=0.2$, $0.3$, $0.4$, and $0.6$ in the pseudorapidity range $|\eta|< 0.9-R$. The charged jet cross sections are compared with the leading order (LO) and to next-to-leading order (NLO) perturbative Quantum ChromoDynamics (pQCD) calculations. It was found that the NLO calculations agree better with the measurements. The cross section ratios for different resolution parameters were also measured. These ratios increase from low $p_\mathrm{T}$ to high $p_\mathrm{T}$ and saturate at high $p_\mathrm{T}$, indicating that jet collimation is larger at high $p_\mathrm{T}$ than at low $p_\mathrm{T}$. These results provide a precision test of pQCD predictions and serve as a baseline for the measurement in Pb$-$Pb collisions at the same energy to quantify the effects of the hot and dense medium created in heavy-ion collisions at the LHC.
Charged jet differential cross sections without UE subtraction in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 5.02 TeV with the leading track bias. All jets must contain at least one track with $p_{T}$ > 5 GeV/$c$. Statistical uncertainties are displayed as vertical error bars. The total systematic uncertainties are shown as shaded bands around the data points. Data are scaled to enhance visibility
Fig. 6: Charged jet cross section ratios for $\\sigma$(R = 0.2)/$\\sigma$(R = 0.4) (Red) and $\\sigma$(R = 0.2)/$\\sigma$(R = 0.6). The systematic uncertainty of the cross section ratio is indicated by a shaded band drawn around data points.
Fig. 3: Fully corrected charged jet differential cross sections in pp collisions at $\\sqrt{s}$ = 5.02 TeV. Statistical uncertainties are displayed as vertical error bars. The total systematic uncertainties are shown as shaded bands around the data points. Data are scaled to enhance visibility.
The production of charm jets in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}=7$ TeV was measured with the ALICE detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The measurement is based on a data sample corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of $6.23$ ${\rm nb}^{-1}$, collected using a minimum-bias trigger. Charm jets are identified by the presence of a D$^0$ meson among their constituents. The D$^0$ mesons are reconstructed from their hadronic decay D$^0\rightarrow$K$^{-}\pi^{+}$. The D$^0$-meson tagged jets are reconstructed using tracks of charged particles (track-based jets) with the anti-$k_{\mathrm{T}}$ algorithm in the jet transverse momentum range $5<p_{\rm{T,jet}}^{\mathrm{ch}}<30$ ${\rm GeV/}c$ and pseudorapidity $|\eta_{\rm jet}|<0.5$. The fraction of charged jets containing a D$^0$-meson increases with $p_{\rm{T,jet}}^{\rm{ch}}$ from $0.042 \pm 0.004\, \mathrm{(stat)} \pm 0.006\, \mathrm{(syst)}$ to $0.080 \pm 0.009\, \rm{(stat)} \pm 0.008\, \rm{(syst)}$. The distribution of D$^0$-meson tagged jets as a function of the jet momentum fraction carried by the D$^0$ meson in the direction of the jet axis ($z_{||}^{\mathrm{ch}}$) is reported for two ranges of jet transverse momenta, $5<p_{\rm{T,jet}}^{\rm{ch}}<15$ ${\rm GeV/}c$ and $15<p_{\rm{T,jet}}^{\rm{ch}}<30$ ${\rm GeV/}c$ in the intervals $0.2<z_{||}^{\rm{ch}}<1.0$ and $0.4<z_{||}^{\rm{ch}}<1.0$, respectively. The data are compared with results from Monte Carlo event generators (PYTHIA 6, PYTHIA 8 and Herwig 7) and with a Next-to-Leading-Order perturbative Quantum Chromodynamics calculation, obtained with the POWHEG method and interfaced with PYTHIA 6 for the generation of the parton shower, fragmentation, hadronisation and underlying event.
Ratio of the $p_{\rm T}$-differential cross section of charm jets tagged with D$^0$ mesons to the inclusive jet cross section in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 7 TeV.
$p_{\rm T}$-differential cross section of charm jets tagged with D$^0$ mesons in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 7 TeV.
$z_{||}^{\rm ch}$-differential cross section of D$^0$-meson tagged track-based jets in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 7 TeV, with $p_{\rm T,D}$ > 2 GeV/$c$ and 5 < $p_{\rm T,jet}^{\rm ch}$ < 15 GeV/$c$.
This work presents the first experimental observation of the attractive strong interaction between a proton and a multi-strange baryon (hyperon) $\Xi^-$. The result is extracted from two-particle correlations of combined $\rm{p}-\Xi^{-}$$\oplus$$\rm{\overline{p}}-\overline{\Xi}^{+}$ pairs measured in p-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm{NN}}}=5.02$ TeV at the LHC with ALICE. The measured correlation function is compared with the prediction obtained assuming only an attractive Coulomb interaction and a standard deviation in the range $[3.6,5.3]$ is found. Since the measured $\rm{p}-\Xi^{-}$$\oplus$$\rm{\overline{p}}-\overline{\Xi}^{+}$ correlation is significantly enhanced with respect to the Coulomb prediction, the presence of an additional, strong, attractive interaction is evident. The data are compatible with recent lattice calculations by the HAL-QCD Collaboration, with a standard deviation in the range $ [1.8,3.7]$. The lattice potential predicts a shallow repulsive $\Xi^-$ interaction within pure neutron matter at saturation densities and this implies stiffer equations of state for neutron-rich matter including hyperons. Implications of the strong interaction for the modeling of neutron stars are discussed.
The p$-$p $\oplus$ $\overline{\mathrm{p}}-\overline{\mathrm{p}}$ correlation function.
The p$-\Xi^{-}$ $\oplus$ $\overline{\mathrm{p}}-\overline{\Xi}^{-}$ correlation function.
The coherent photoproduction of J/$\psi$ was measured in ultra-peripheral Pb-Pb collisions at a center-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s_{\rm{NN}}}=5.02$ TeV with the ALICE detector. The J/$\psi$ is detected via its dimuon decay in the forward rapidity region for events where the hadronic activity is required to be minimal. The analysis is based on an event sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of about 750 $\mu$b$^{-1}$. The cross section for coherent J/$\psi$ production is presented in six rapidity bins, covering the interval $-4.0 < y < -2.5$. The results are compared with theoretical models for coherent J/$\psi$ photoproduction. The results indicate that gluon shadowing effects play a role in the photoproduction process. The ratio of $\psi'$ to J/$\psi$ coherent photoproduction cross sections was measured and found to be consistent with that measured for photoproduction off protons.
Differential cross section as a function of rapidity for coherent J/PSI photoproduction in ultra-peripheral Pb-Pb collisions.
The correlations of identical charged kaons were measured in p-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=5.02$ TeV by the ALICE experiment at the LHC. The femtoscopic invariant radii and correlation strengths were extracted from one-dimensional kaon correlation functions and were compared with those obtained in pp and Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7$ TeV and $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=2.76$ TeV, respectively. The presented results also complement the identical-pion femtoscopic data published by the ALICE collaboration. The extracted radii increase with increasing charged-particle multiplicity and decrease with increasing pair transverse momentum. At comparable multiplicities, the radii measured in p-Pb collisions are found to be close to those observed in pp collisions. The obtained femtoscopic parameters are reproduced by the EPOS hadronic interaction model and disfavor models with large initial size or strong collective expansion at low multiplicities.
Correlation function as a function of pair relative momentum for 0-20% multiplicity class and pair transverse momentum range (0.2-0.5) GeV/c.
Correlation function as a function of pair relative momentum for 0-20% multiplicity class and pair transverse momentum range (0.5-1.0) GeV/c.
Correlation function as a function of pair relative momentum for 20-40% multiplicity class and pair transverse momentum range (0.2-0.5) GeV/c.
Measurements of anisotropic flow coefficients ($v_n$) and their cross-correlations using two- and multi-particle cumulant methods are reported in collisions of pp at $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV, p-Pb at $\sqrt{s_{_{\rm NN}}} = 5.02$ TeV, Xe-Xe at $\sqrt{s_{_{\rm NN}}} = 5.44$ TeV, and Pb-Pb at $\sqrt{s_{_{\rm NN}}} = 5.02$ TeV recorded with the ALICE detector. These measurements are performed as a function of multiplicity in the mid-rapidity region $|\eta|<0.8$ for the transverse momentum range $0.2 < p_{\rm T} < 3.0$ GeV/$c$. An ordering of the coefficients $v_2 > v_3 > v_4$ is found in pp and p-Pb collisions, similar to that seen in large collision systems, while a weak $v_2$ multiplicity dependence is observed relative to nucleus--nucleus collisions in the same multiplicity range. Using the novel subevent method, $v_{2}$ measured in pp and p-Pb collisions with four-particle cumulants is found to be compatible with that from six-particle cumulants. The symmetric cumulants $SC(m,n)$ calculated with the subevent method which evaluate the correlation strength between $v_n^2$ and $v_m^2$ are also presented. The presented data, which add further support to the existence of long-range multi-particle azimuthal correlations in high multiplicity pp and p-Pb collisions, can neither be described by PYTHIA8 nor by IP-Glasma+MUSIC+UrQMD model calculations, and hence provide new insights into the understanding of collective effects in small collision systems.
$v_2\{2\}$ with $|\Delta \eta| > 1.4$ in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV.
$v_3\{2\}$ with $|\Delta \eta| > 1.0$ in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV.
$v_4\{2\}$ with $|\Delta \eta| > 1.0$ in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV.
In this letter, the production of deuterons and anti-deuterons in pp collisions at s=7 TeV is studied as a function of the charged-particle multiplicity density at mid-rapidity with the ALICE detector at the LHC. Production yields are measured at mid-rapidity in five multiplicity classes and as a function of the deuteron transverse momentum ( pT ). The measurements are discussed in the context of hadron–coalescence models. The coalescence parameter B2 , extracted from the measured spectra of (anti-)deuterons and primary (anti-)protons, exhibits no significant pT -dependence for pT<3 GeV/c , in agreement with the expectations of a simple coalescence picture. At fixed transverse momentum per nucleon, the B2 parameter is found to decrease smoothly from low multiplicity pp to Pb–Pb collisions, in qualitative agreement with more elaborate coalescence models. The measured mean transverse momentum of (anti-)deuterons in pp is not reproduced by the Blast-Wave model calculations that simultaneously describe pion, kaon and proton spectra, in contrast to central Pb–Pb collisions. The ratio between the pT -integrated yield of deuterons to protons, d/p, is found to increase with the charged-particle multiplicity, as observed in inelastic pp collisions at different centre-of-mass energies. The d/p ratios are reported in a wide range, from the lowest to the highest multiplicity values measured in pp collisions at the LHC.
Transverse-momentum spectra of deuterons and anti-deuterons measured at mid-rapidity in V0M multiplicity class I+II
Transverse-momentum spectra of deuterons and anti-deuterons measured at mid-rapidity in V0M multiplicity class III
Transverse-momentum spectra of deuterons and anti-deuterons measured at mid-rapidity in V0M multiplicity class IV+V
The measurements of the production of prompt ${\rm D^0}$, ${\rm D^+}$, ${\rm D^{*+}}$, and ${{\rm D^+_s}}$ mesons in proton--proton (pp) collisions at $\sqrt{s}=5.02$ TeV with the ALICE detector at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) are reported. D mesons were reconstructed at mid-rapidity ($|y|<0.5$) via their hadronic decay channels ${\rm D}^0 \to {\rm K}^-\pi^+$, ${\rm D}^+\to {\rm K}^-\pi^+\pi^+$, ${\rm D}^{*+} \to {\rm D}^0 \pi^+ \to {\rm K}^- \pi^+ \pi^+$, ${\rm D^{+}_{s}\to \phi\pi^+\to K^{+} K^{-} \pi^{+}}$, and their charge conjugates. The production cross sections were measured in the transverse momentum interval $0<p_{\rm T}<36~\mathrm{GeV}/c$ for ${\rm D^0}$, $1<p_{\rm T}<36~\mathrm{GeV}/c$ for ${\rm D^+}$ and ${\rm D^{*+}}$, and in $2<p_{\rm T}<24~\mathrm{GeV}/c$ for ${{\rm D^+_s}}$ mesons. Thanks to the higher integrated luminosity, an analysis in finer $p_{\rm T}$ bins with respect to the previous measurements at $\sqrt{s}=7$ TeV was performed, allowing for a more detailed description of the cross-section $p_{\rm T}$ shape. The measured $p_{\rm T}$-differential production cross sections are compared to the results at $\sqrt{s}=7$ TeV and to four different perturbative QCD calculations. Its rapidity dependence is also tested combining the ALICE and LHCb measurements in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=5.02$ TeV. This measurement will allow for a more accurate determination of the nuclear modification factor in p-Pb and Pb-Pb collisions performed at the same nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy.
$p_{\rm T}$-differential cross section of prompt $\rm{D}^{0}$ mesons in pp collisions at $\sqrt{\rm{s_{NN}}}$=5.02 TeV in the rapidity interval $|y|$<0.5. Branching ratio of $\rm{D}^{0}\rightarrow K\pi$ : 0.0389.
$p_{\rm T}$-differential cross section of prompt $\rm{D^{+}}$ mesons in pp collisions at $\sqrt{\rm{s_{NN}}}$=5.02 TeV in the rapidity interval $|y|$<0.5. Branching ratio of $\rm D^{+-}\rightarrow K{\rm{\pi}}{\rm{\pi}}$ : 0.0898.
$p_{\rm T}$-differential cross section of prompt $\rm D^{*}$ mesons in pp collisions at $\sqrt{\rm{s_{NN}}}$=5.02 TeV in the rapidity interval $|y|$<0.5. Branching ratio of $\rm{D}^{*+}\rightarrow \rm{D}^{0}\pi\rightarrow K\pi\pi$ : 0.02633.
Two-particle correlations in high-energy collision experiments enable the extraction of particle source radii by using the Bose-Einstein enhancement of pion production at low relative momentum $q\propto 1/R$. It was previously observed that in $\rm{p}\rm{p}$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7$ TeV the average pair transverse momentum $k_{\rm T}$ range of such analyses is limited due to large background correlations which were attributed to mini-jet phenomena. To investigate this further, an event-shape dependent analysis of Bose-Einstein correlations for pion pairs is performed in this work. By categorizing the events by their transverse sphericity $S_{\rm T}$ into spherical $(S_\textrm{T}>0.7)$ and jet-like $(S_\textrm{T}<0.3)$ events a method was developed that allows for the determination of source radii for much larger values of $k_{\rm T}$ for the first time. Spherical events demonstrate little or no background correlations while jet-like events are dominated by them. This observation agrees with the hypothesis of a mini-jet origin of the non-femtoscopic background correlations and gives new insight into the physics interpretation of the $k_{\rm T}$ dependence of the radii. The emission source size in spherical events shows a substantially diminished $k_{\rm T}$ dependence, while jet-like events show indications of a negative trend with respect to $k_{\rm T}$ in the highest multiplicity events. Regarding the emission source shape, the correlation functions for both event sphericity classes show good agreement with an exponential shape, rather than a Gaussian one.
Opposite-sign pion pair correlation functions in data for sphericity S_{T} < 0.3 (jet-like events).
Opposite-sign pion pair correlation functions in PYTHIA simulations for sphericity S_{T} < 0.3 (jet-like events).
Opposite-sign pion pair correlation functions in data for sphericity S_{T} > 0.7 (spherical events).
The pseudorapidity density of charged particles, $\rm{d}\it{N}_\rm{ch}/\rm{d}\it{\eta}$, in p-Pb collisions has been measured at a centre-of-mass energy per nucleon-nucleon pair of $\sqrt{s_{\rm{NN}}}$ = 8.16 TeV at mid-pseudorapidity for non-single-diffractive events. The results cover 3.6 units of pseudorapidity, $|\eta|<1.8$. The $\rm{d}\it{N}_\rm{ch}/\rm{d}\it{\eta}$ value is $19.1\pm0.7$ at $|\eta|<0.5$. This quantity divided by $\langle N_\rm{part} \rangle/2$, is $4.73\pm0.20$, which is 9.5% higher than the corresponding value for p-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm{NN}}}$ = 5.02 TeV. Measurements are compared with models based on different mechanisms for particle production. All models agree within uncertainties with data in the Pb-going side, while HIJING overestimates, showing a symmetric behaviour, and EPOS underestimates the p-going side of the $\rm{d}\it{N}_\rm{ch}/\rm{d}\it{\eta}$ distribution. Saturation-based models reproduce the distributions well for $\eta>-1.3$. The $\rm{d}\it{N}_\rm{ch}/\rm{d}\it{\eta}$ is also measured for different centrality estimators, based both on the charged-particle multiplicity and on the energy deposited in the Zero-Degree Calorimeters. A study of the implications of the large multiplicity fluctuations due to the small number of participants for systems like p-Pb in the centrality calculation for multiplicity-based estimators is discussed, demonstrating the advantages of determining the centrality with energy deposited near beam rapidity.
Pseudorapidity density of charged particles in p–Pb NSD collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 8.16 TeV.
Values of average pseudorapidity density of charged particles in p–Pb NSD collisions as a function of the energy in the centre-of-mass.
Pseudorapidity density of charged particles in p–Pb NSD collisions at 8.16 TeV for 0-5% centrality class and CL1 estimator.
The second ($v_2$) and third ($v_3$) flow harmonic coefficients of J/$\psi$ mesons are measured at forward rapidity (2.5 $<$ $y$ $<$ 4.0) in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV with the ALICE detector at the LHC. Results are obtained with the scalar product method and reported as a function of transverse momentum, $p_{\rm{T}}$, for various collision centralities. A positive value of J/$\psi$ $v_3$ is observed with 3.7$\sigma$ significance. The measurements, compared to those of prompt D$^0$ mesons and charged particles at mid-rapidity, indicate an ordering with $v_{\rm n}$(J/$\psi$) $<v_{\rm n}$(D$^0$) $<v_{\rm n}$(h$^\pm$) (n = 2, 3) at low and intermediate $p_{\rm{T}}$ up to 6 GeV/$c$ and a convergence with $v_2$(J/$\psi$) $\approx v_2$(D$^0$) $\approx v_2$(h$^\pm$) at high $p_{\rm{T}}$ above 6-8 GeV/$c$. In semi-central collisions (5-40% and 10-50% centrality intervals) at intermediate $p_{\rm{T}}$ between 2 and 6 GeV/$c$, the ratio $v_3/v_2$ of J/$\psi$ mesons is found to be significantly lower (4.6$\sigma$) with respect to that of charged particles. In addition, the comparison to the prompt D$^0$-meson ratio in the same $p_{\rm{T}}$ interval suggests an ordering similar to that of the $v_2$ and $v_3$ coefficients. The J/$\psi$ $v_2$ coefficient is further studied using the Event Shape Engineering technique. The obtained results are found to be compatible with the expected variations of the eccentricity of the initial-state geometry.
The J/$\psi$ $v_2$ coefficient as a function of $p_{\rm T}$ in 0-10% centrality interval in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV.
The J/$\psi$ $v_2$ coefficient as a function of $p_{\rm T}$ in 10-30% centrality interval in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV.
The J/$\psi$ $v_2$ coefficient as a function of $p_{\rm T}$ in 30-50% centrality interval in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV.
The transverse structure of jets was studied via jet fragmentation transverse momentum ($j_{\rm{T}}$) distributions, obtained using two-particle correlations in proton-proton and proton-lead collisions, measured with the ALICE experiment at the LHC. The highest transverse momentum particle in each event is used as the trigger particle and the region $3 < p_{\rm{Tt}} < 15$ GeV/$c$ is explored in this study. The measured distributions show a clear narrow Gaussian component and a wide non-Gaussian one. Based on Pythia simulations, the narrow component can be related to non-perturbative hadronization and the wide component to quantum chromodynamical splitting. The width of the narrow component shows a weak dependence on the transverse momentum of the trigger particle, in agreement with the expectation of universality of the hadronization process. On the other hand, the width of the wide component shows a rising trend suggesting increased branching for higher transverse momentum. The results obtained in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 7 TeV and in p-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm{NN}}}$ = 5.02 TeV are compatible within uncertainties and hence no significant cold nuclear matter effects are observed. The results are compared to previous measurements from CCOR and PHENIX as well as to Pythia 8 and Herwig 7 simulations.
trigger particle momentum dependence of observables RMS for narrow component in p-p collisions at 7 TeV with 0.2<xlong<0.4.