Results are presented from a study of the structure of high energy hadronic events recorded by the L3 detector at sqrt(s)>192 GeV. The distributions of several event shape variables are compared to resummed O(alphaS^2) QCD calculations. We determine the strong coupling constant at three average centre-of-mass energies: 194.4, 200.2 and 206.2 GeV. These measurements, combined with previous L3 measurements at lower energies, demonstrate the running of alphaS as expected in QCD and yield alphaS(mZ) = 0.1227 +- 0.0012 +- 0.0058, where the first uncertainty is experimental and the second is theoretical.
The measured ALPHA_S at three centre-of-mass energies from fits to the individual event shape distributions. The first error is statistcal, the first DSYS error is the experimental systematic uncertainty, and the second DSYS error is the theoryuncertainty.
Updated ALPHA_S measurements from the BT, BW and C-Parameter distributions,from earlier L3 data at lower centre-of-mass energies.. The first error is the total experimental error (stat+sys in quadrature) and the DSYS error is the theory uncertainty.
Combined ALPHA_S values from the five event shape variables. The first error is statistical, the first DSYS error is the experimental systematic uncertainity, the second DSYS error is the uncertainty from the hadronisdation models, andthethird DSYS errpr is the uncertainty due to uncalculated higher orders in the QCDpredictions.
The charged-particle multiplicity distribution is measured for all hadronic events as well as for light-quark and b-quark events produced in e+e- collisions at the Z pole. Moments of the charged-particle multiplicity distributions are calculated. The H moments of the multiplicity distributions are studied, and their quasi-oscillations as a function of the rank of the moment are investigated.
Moments of the charged particle multiplicity distribution with KOS and LAMBDA decay for all events.
Moments of the charged particle multiplicity distribution without KOS and LAMBDA decay for all events.
Moments of the charged particle multiplicity distribution with KOS and LAMBDA decay for light quark events.
The charged particle multiplicities of two- and three-jet events from the reaction e+e- -> Z0 -> hadrons are measured for Z0 decays to light quark (uds) flavors. Using recent theoretical expressions to account for biases from event selection, results corresponding to unbiased gluon jets are extracted over a range of jet energies from about 11 to 30 GeV. We find consistency between these results and direct measurements of unbiased gluon jet multiplicity from upsilon and Z0 decays. The unbiased gluon jet data including the direct measurements are compared to corresponding results for quark jets. We perform fits based on analytic expressions for particle multiplicity in jets to determine the ratio r = Ng/Nq of multiplicities between gluon and quark jets as a function of energy. We also determine the ratio of slopes, r(1) = (dNg/dy)/(dNq/dy), and of curvatures, r(2) = (d2Ng/dy2)/(d2Nq/dy2), where y specifies the energy scale. At 30 GeV, we find r = 1.422 +/- 0.051, r(1) = 1.761 +/- 0.071 and r(2) = 1.98 +/- 0.13, where the uncertainties are the statistical and systematic terms added in quadrature. These results are in general agreement with theoretical predictions. In addition, we use the measurements of the energy dependence of Ng and Nq to determine an effective value of the ratio of QCD color factors, CA/CF. Our result, CA/CF = 2.23 +/- 0.14 (total), is consistent with the QCD value of 2.25.
Measurements of the mean charged particle multiplicity of biased two-jet uds flavour events from Z0 decays as a function of the transverse momentum cutoff PT(C=LU) used to separate two- and three-jet events.
Measurements of the mean charged particle multiplicity of three-jet uds flavour 'Y events' from Z0 decays, as a function of the angle THETA1 between the lowest two energy jets. The results for the quark jet scale SQRT(S(C=QQBAR)) and the gluon jet scales PT(C=LU) and PT(C=LE) are also given.
Measurements of the unbiased gluon multiplicity as a function of the energy scale Q=PT(C=LU). The corresponding bins of THETA1 in 'Y events' are also indicated.
The photon structure function F2-gamma(x,Q**2) has been measured using data taken by the OPAL detector at centre-of-mass energies of 91Gev, 183Gev and 189Gev, in Q**2 ranges of 1.5 to 30.0 GeV**2 (LEP1), and 7.0 to 30.0 GeV**2 (LEP2), probing lower values of x than ever before. Since previous OPAL analyses, new Monte Carlo models and new methods, such as multi-variable unfolding, have been introduced, reducing significantly the model dependent systematic errors in the measurement.
Results of F2/ALPHAE for the LEP1 data using the SW for Q**2 = 1.9 GeV**2.
Results of F2/ALPHAE for the LEP1 data using the SW for Q**2 = 3.7 GeV**2.
Results of F2/ALPHAE for the LEP1 data using the FD for Q**2 = 8.9 GeV**2.
We have observed inclusive production of D0 and D+ mesons, and their charge conjugates, in e+e− annihilation at 29 GeV on the basis of a data sample of 106 pb−1. These signals correspond to R values of R(D0+D―0)=1.8±0.5 and R(D++D−)=1.2±0.4. Taking the D+ and D0 data together, we measure a charge asymmetry of A=−0.08±0.12 for charmed quarks. A comparison of R(D+D―) with R(D*+D―*) obtained via the process D*+→D0π+ gives a DD* ratio of 1.0−0.2+0.3, indicating that direct D* production dominates over direct D production.
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EXTRAPOLATED TO ALL Z.
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The electroweak production asymmetry and the decay fragmentation function for e + e − → c c have been measured at s = 29 GeV using charged D ∗ production over the full kinematic range. The data were taken at PEP using the High Resolution Spectrometer. The measured asymmetry is −0.12 ± 0.08. The total production cross section in units of the point cross section corrected for initial state radiation is R D ∗ = 2.7 ± 0.9 .
ASSUMES SIG(D*+) = SIG(D*0). (EXPT. MEASURES D*+ PRODUCTION ONLY). R VALUE CORRECTED FOR INITIAL STATE RADIATION.
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Data on inclusive jet production in the transverse-momentum (p⊥) range 0-8 GeV/c for 200-GeV/c p, π−, π+, K−, K+, and p¯ incident on a hydrogen target are presented. The jet cross section is fully corrected for losses and biases, and compared with the predictions of a model based on quantum chromodynamics. Both the absolute cross section and the inclusive charged-particle distributions inside and outside the jet are in qualitative agreement with the model.
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We have studied inclusive KS0, Λ, and Λ¯ production and strange-resonance production in the reactions pp→(KS0, Λ, or Λ¯)+π±+anything at 405 GeV/c. The observed cross sections are 7.43 ± 0.45 mb for KS0, 4.01 ± 0.35 mb for Λ, and 0.63 ± 0.12 mb for Λ¯. From the analyses of the effective-mass distributions for the (KS0π±), (Λπ±), and (Λ¯π±) systems, the resonance production cross sections are determined as 4.1 ± 1.0 mb for K*+(890), 3.6 ± 1.0 mb for K*−(890), 3.4 ± 1.7 mb for K*±(1420), 0.67 ± 0.12 mb for Σ+(1385), 0.45 ± 0.09 mb for Σ−(1385), and 0.25 ± 0.08 mb for Σ¯±(1385). The inclusive total and differential cross sections are discussed in comparison with data at lower energies. The direct production cross sections for pseudoscalar, vector, and tensor K mesons are estimated to be 2.3 ± 1.2, 3.4 ± 1.0, and 1.7 ± 0.8 mb, respectively. Direct pseudoscalar-K-meson production accounts for less than one-third of the total inclusive kaon production. Evidence of vector-meson dominance in inclusive meson production at high energy is indicated.
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Axis error includes +- 9/9 contribution (DUE TO UNCERTAINTIES IN DETECTION EFFICIENCIES//DUE TO UNCERTAINTIES IN LUMINOSITY//DUE TO UNCERTAINTIES IN BACKGROUND SUBSTRUCTIONS).
Axis error includes +- 9/9 contribution (DUE TO UNCERTAINTIES IN DETECTION EFFICIENCIES//DUE TO UNCERTAINTIES IN LUMINOSITY//DUE TO UNCERTAINTIES IN BACKGROUND SUBSTRUCTIONS).
Axis error includes +- 9/9 contribution (DUE TO UNCERTAINTIES IN DETECTION EFFICIENCIES//DUE TO UNCERTAINTIES IN LUMINOSITY//DUE TO UNCERTAINTIES IN BACKGROUND SUBSTRUCTIONS).
Measurements of flux-normalized neutrino and antineutrino total charged-current cross sections (σ) in the energy range 45<E<205 GeV are presented. We see no evidence for the anomalous sharp rise in σν¯σν reported by earlier authors. The neutrino cross section rises linearly with energy and with σE about 18% smaller than other measurements below 10 GeV. The average antineutrino slope at 55 GeV is consistent with measurements at low energy; however, a (20 ± 10)% increase is indicated over our energy range.
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