This work extends our previous investigations at the CERN Intersecting Storage Rings, with improved statistics at three different energies, wider angular range and a better control over systematic errors. Values for the (diffraction) shape parameter b are given.
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Small angle elastic scattering events have been observed at the CERN Intersecting Storage Rings. Directions of both particles as well as the collision vertex are reconstructed with the help of four sets of spark chambers, two for each of the two arms. The elastic nature of the events is demonstrated by a collinearity requirement. We find values for the (diffraction) slope parameter in disagreement with the simple linear extrapolation of lower energy (Surpukov) data.
NUMBER OF EVENTS 87364.
NUMBER OF EVENTS 8305.
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We have measured the differential cross section for small angle p−p scattering from 25 to 200 GeV incident energy and in the momentum transfer range 0.015<|t|<0.080 (GeVc)2. We find that the slope of the forward diffraction peak, b(s), increases with energy and can be fitted by the form b(s)=b0+2α′ lns, where b0=8.3±1.3 and α′=0.28±0.13 (GeVc)−2. Such dependence is compatible with the data existing both at higher and lower energies. We have also obtained the energy dependence of the p−p total cross section in the energy range from 48 to 196 GeV. Within our errors which are ± 1.1 mb the total cross section remains constant.
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THE TOTAL CROSS SECTION IS NORMALIZED TO 38.5 +- 0.1 MB AT 48 GEV. IT HAS BEEN DERIVED USING THE OPTICAL THEOREM FROM THE EXTRAPOLATED FORWARD ELASTIC CROSS SECTION AND WITH ALPHA = -0.09.
In an exposure of the 30-in. hydrogen bubble chamber to a 303−GeVc proton beam, 2245 interactions have been observed. The measured total cross section is 39.0±1.0 mb and the average charged particle multiplicity 〈nch〉=8.86±0.16.
TOPOLOGICAL CROSS SECTIONS.
In an exposure of the chamber Mirabelle at the Serpukhov accelerator, 1 943 interactions at 50 GeV/ c and 8 959 at 69 GeV/ c have been observed. Topological cross sections and charged multiplicity distributions are presented. The average charged multiplicities found are respectively 5.32 ± 0.13 and 5.89 ± 0.07.
2PRONG INELASTIC CROSS SECTIONS DERIVED BY SUBTRACTION OF OTHER PRONG CROSS SECTIONS AND KNOWN ELASTIC MEASUREMENTS FROM THE TOTAL.
From analysis of V0 events observed in an exposure of the National Accelerator Laboratory 30-in. bubble chamber to 303−GeVc protons, we obtain these results: (1) 〈nπ0〉 rises approximately linearly with n-, implying strong coupling of neutral and charged pions, while 〈nKS0〉 is less coupled to n; (2) γ, KS0, and Λ0 production cross sections are approaching a scaling limit by 303 GeVc; (3) within the limited statistics, dσdy is flat in the central region for KS0 and low-multiplicity γ events.
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Invariant cross-sections are presented for the inclusive reaction p + p → π o + anything, Measurements of large transverse momentum π o 's (2.5 GeV/ c < p ⊥ <9 GeV/ c ) were made near 90° at the CERN ISR at five centre-of-mass energies (√ s = 23.5, 30.6, 44.8, 52.7 and 62.4 GeV. At large p ⊥ , the invariant cross-sections are seem to vary with s and p ⊥ , in good agreement with a fit of the form Ap ⊥ − n F ( p ⊥ /√ s ), with n ≈8 and F ( p ⊥ /√ s )≈ exp (−26 p ⊥ /√ s ).
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The inclusive production al all charged particles of transverse momentum p T between 1.5 and 4.4 GeV/ c at centre of mass angles 90° and 59.4° from p-p-collisions with √ s = 44 and 53 GeV has been measured. No strong energy dependence is observed for these transverse momenta.
Errors are statistical only.
Errors are statistical only.
Errors are statistical only.
From measurements of proton-proton elastic scattering at very small momentum transfers where the nuclear and Coulomb amplitudes interfere, we have deduced values of ρ, the ratio of the real to the imaginary forward nuclear amplitude, for energies from 50 to 400 GeV. We find that ρ increases from -0.157 ± 0.012 at 51.5 GeV to +0.039 ± 0.012 at 393 GeV, crossing zero at 280 ± 60 GeV.
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The slope b(s) of the forward diffraction peak of p−p elastic scattering has been measured in the momentum-transfer-squared range 0.005≲|t|≲0.09 (GeV/c)2 and at incident proton energies from 8 to 400 GeV. We find that b(s) increases with s, and in the interval 100≲s≲750 (GeV)2 it can be fitted by the form b(s)=b0+2α′lns with b0=8.23±0.27, α′=0.278±0.024 (GeV/c)−2.
MOMENTUM BINS ARE APPROX 20 GEV WIDE CENTRED AT THE GIVEN PLAB EXCEPT FOR THE 9 AND 12 GEV POINTS WHICH HAVE WIDTHS OF APPROX 1 AND 4 GEV RESPECTIVELY.
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Inclusive spectra of π − production for pp interactions are discussed at 69 GeV/ c both in the central and in the fragmentation region and are compared to data at lower and higher energies. The p T dependence of the invariant structure function is also analysed.
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In a 35 000-picture exposure of the 30-in. hydrogen bubble chamber to a 300-GeV/c proton beam at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, 10054 interactions have been observed. The measured total cross section is $40.68 \pm 0.55$ mb, the elastic cross section is $7.89 \pm 0.52$ mb, and the average charged-particle multiplicity for inelastic events is $8.S0 \pm 0.12$.
QUOTED ERRORS INCLUDE EFFECTS OF CORRECTIONS.
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In a 35 000-picture exposure of the Fermilab 30-in. hydrogen bubble chamber to a 300-GeV/c proton beam 1863 neutral V0's were measured. The inclusive cross sections for γ, Ks0, Λ0Σ0, and Λ¯0Σ¯0 are 257 ± 18 mb, 7.3 ± 0.6 mb, 3.6 ± 0.4 mb, and 1.0 ± 0.3 mb, respectively. The correlation with charged particles and other inclusive features are studied.
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We present data on inclusive and semi-inclusive ϱ 0 production in 147 GeV/ c π − p interactions. We find a total cross section of 7.3 ± 1.3 mb. Most of this cross section is found in the lower topology events (⩽ 10 prongs), and in the central and forward rapidity regions. The P T 2 dependence of ϱ 0 production, 〈: n > ϱ 0 per event, and the ϱ 0 / π + ratios are also discussed.
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The neutron-proton elastic differential cross section has been measured for incident momenta between 10 and 70 GeV/c and for values of the momentum transfer squared between 0.1 and 2.8 (GeV/c) 2 . The forward peak and the break at about ∣ t ∣ = 1 (GeV/ c ) 2 are very similar to corresponding pp data.
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A very narrow resonance with a mass of 3.1 GeV/c2 is observed in the reaction n+Be→μ++μ−+X. The total cross section for this process, as well as its P⊥2 and x distribution, are given.
The cross section per nucleon times the branching ratio.
We have measured the inclusive cross sections for γ, Ks0, Λ, and Λ¯ production in π+p and pp interactions at 100 GeV/c and compared various inclusive distributions of the produced γ and Ks0.
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Inclusive Δ++(1236) production in π+p and pp interactions is consistent with one-pion exchange. The average charged multiplicity recoiling from the Δ++ is studied as a function of missing mass, M2, for both interactions.
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New experimental results are presented on proton-proton elastic scattering at centre-of-mass energies s =23 GeV and s =62 GeV . The data are obtained using the Split Field Magnet detector at the CERN Intersecting Storage Rings. The absolute differential cross-sections show an energy-dependent behaviour. The position of the diffraction minimum changes from t =(−1.44±0.02)GeV 2 at 23 GeV to (−1.26±0.03)GeV 2 at 62 GeV. The cross-section at the second maximum is increasing with s . The connection of these observations with the hypothesis of “geometrical scaling” is discussed.
63 K EVENTS.
380 K EVENTS.
Results are given on the inclusive production of charged pions, kaons, and nucleons, in proton-proton collisions at c.m. energies from √ s = 23 to 63 GeV at large angles and for the transverse momentum range 0.1 < p T < 4.8 GeV/ c . The dependence of the production spectra on the collision energy √ s , the transverse momentum p T , and the longitudinal rapidity is discussed.
Axis error includes +- 15.0/15.0 contribution (NORMALIZATION ERROR - THE LARGEST SYSTEMATICS).
Axis error includes +- 15.0/15.0 contribution (NORMALIZATION ERROR - THE LARGEST SYSTEMATICS).
Axis error includes +- 15.0/15.0 contribution (NORMALIZATION ERROR - THE LARGEST SYSTEMATICS).
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THE ERRORS INCLUDE THE UNCERTAINTIES IN THE FIT PARAMETERS SLOPE AND SIG, WHILE THE PURELY STATISTICAL ERRORS ARE ALSO GIVEN.
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Correlations between pions produced in pp collisions at 69 GeV/c are observed both for π−π+ and π−π−. Short-range correlations in rapidity are present fory1⋍y2 in both cases; an enhancement is seen aroundy1=y2=±1. Correlations between transverse variables are linked to those in rapidity for π−π− combinations, whereas the effect is essentially kinematical for π+π−.
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The differential cross sections for neutron-proton elastic charge-exchange scattering have been measured with a two-arm technique for incident neutron momenta between 22 and 65 GeV/ c and for values of the momentum transfer squared between 0.002 and 0.8 (GeV/ c ) 2 . The sharp forward peak observed previously at lower energies is also present at momenta up to 65 GeV/ c ; however the s dependence of the cross section is slowing down.
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