Using data collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy $e^+e^-$ collider, we measure the energy dependence of the $e^+e^- \to h_b(nP)\pi^+\pi^-$ $(n=1,2)$ cross sections from thresholds up to $11.02\,$GeV. We find clear $\Upsilon(10860)$ and $\Upsilon(11020)$ peaks with little or no continuum contribution. We study the resonant substructure of the $\Upsilon(11020) \to h_b(nP)\pi^+\pi^-$ transitions and find evidence that they proceed entirely via the intermediate isovector states $Z_b(10610)$ and $Z_b(10650)$. The relative fraction of these states is loosely constrained by the current data: the hypothesis that only $Z_b(10610)$ is produced is excluded at the level of 3.3 standard deviations, while the hypothesis that only $Z_b(10650)$ is produced is not excluded at a significant level.
Center-of-mass energies, integrated luminosities and Born cross sections for all energy points. The first uncertainty in the energy is uncorrelated, the second is correlated. The three uncertainties in the cross sections are statistical, uncorrelated systematic and correlated systematic.
The momentum distribution of electrons from semi-leptonic decays of charm and bottom for mid-rapidity |y|<0.35 in p+p collisions at sqrt(s)=200 GeV is measured by the PHENIX experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) over the transverse momentum range 2 < p_T < 7 GeV/c. The ratio of the yield of electrons from bottom to that from charm is presented. The ratio is determined using partial D/D^bar --> e^{+/-} K^{-/+} X (K unidentified) reconstruction. It is found that the yield of electrons from bottom becomes significant above 4 GeV/c in p_T. A fixed-order-plus-next-to-leading-log (FONLL) perturbative quantum chromodynamics (pQCD) calculation agrees with the data within the theoretical and experimental uncertainties. The extracted total bottom production cross section at this energy is \sigma_{b\b^bar}= 3.2 ^{+1.2}_{-1.1}(stat) ^{+1.4}_{-1.3}(syst) micro b.
Bottom contribution to the electrons from heavy flavor decay as a function of PT. These values has been obtained using g3data software which to extract the data from the plot and should therefore be used with caution. The g3data program indicates an extra uncertainty of 0.01 on these values.
Differential bottom production cross section at mid rapidity (y=0) To obtain this value, the differential "bottom-decay" electrons cross-section has been extrapolated to PT=0 using the spectrum shape predicted by pQCD. The b->e branching ratio used was 10 +-1%.
Invariant cross section of electrons from heavy flavor decay versus PT These values has been obtained using g3data software which to extract the data from the plot and should therefore be used with caution. The values in the last column indicate the level of uncertainty intoduced by g3data.
Beauty production in deep inelastic scattering with events in which a muon and a jet are observed in the final state has been measured with the ZEUS detector at HERA using an integrated luminosity of 114 pb^-1. The fraction of events with beauty quarks in the data was determined using the distribution of the transverse momentum of the muon relative to the jet. The cross section for beauty production was measured in the kinematic range of photon virtuality, Q^2 > 2 Gev^2, and inelasticity, 0.05 < y < 0.7, with the requirement of a muon and a jet. Total and differential cross sections are presented and compared to QCD predictions. The beauty contribution to the structure function F_2 was extracted and is compared to theoretical predictions.
Total visible cross section for BBAR production and decay into MUON+JET.
Measured differential cross section as a function of Q**2.
Measured differential cross section as a function of the muon transverse momentum.
The beauty production cross section for deep inelastic scattering events with at least one hard jet in the Breit frame together with a muon has been measured, for photon virtualities Q^2 > 2 GeV^2, with the ZEUS detector at HERA using integrated luminosity of 72 pb^-1. The total visible cross section is sigma_b-bbar (ep -> e jet mu X) = 40.9 +- 5.7 (stat.) +6.0 -4.4 (syst.) pb. The next-to-leading order QCD prediction lies about 2.5 standard deviations below the data. The differential cross sections are in general consistent with the NLO QCD predictions: however at low values of Q^2, Bjorken x, and muon transverse momentum, and high values of jet transverse energy and muon pseudorapidity, the prediction is about two standard deviations below the data.
Total visible cross section in the specified kinematic region.
Differential cross section w.r.t. Q**2.
Differential cross section w.r.t. log10(x).
The production and semi-leptonic decay of heavy quarks have been studied in the photoproduction process $e^+p -> e^+ + {dijet} + e^- + X with the ZEUS detector at HERA using an integrated luminosity of 38.5 ${\rm pb^{-1}}$. Events with photon-proton centre-of-mass energies, $W_{\gamma p}$, between 134 and 269 GeV and a photon virtuality, Q^2, less than 1 ${\rm GeV^2}$ were selected requiring at least two jets of transverse energy $E_T^{\rm jet1(2)} >7(6)$ GeV and an electron in the final state. The electrons were identified by employing the ionisation energy loss measurement. The contribution of beauty quarks was determined using the transverse momentum of the electron relative to the axis of the closest jet, $p_T^{\rm rel}$. The data, after background subtraction, were fit with a Monte Carlo simulation including beauty and charm decays. The measured beauty cross section was extrapolated to the parton level with the b quark restricted to the region of transverse momentum $p_T^{b} > p_T^{\rm min} =$ 5 GeV and pseudorapidity $|\eta^{b}| <$ 2. The extrapolated cross section is $1.6 \pm 0.4 (stat.)^{+0.3}_{-0.5} (syst.) ^{+0.2}_{-0.4} (ext.) {nb}$. The result is compared to a perturbative QCD calculation performed to next-to-leading order.
The differential distribution of PT(C=REL) for heavy quark decays. The second DSYS error is due to the energy scale uncertainty.
The differential distribution of X(C=GAMMA,OBS), the fraction of the photons momentum contributing to the production of the two highest transverse energy jets. The second DSYS error is due to the energy scale uncertainty.
Cross section for beauty production with a prompt electron in the restricted kinetic region.
The production of c and b quarks in gamma-gamma collisions is studied with the L3 detector at LEP with 410 pb^-1 of data, collected at centre-of-mass energies from 189 GeV to 202 GeV. Hadronic final states containing c and b quarks are identified by detecting electrons or muons from their semileptonic decays. The cross sections sigma(e+e- -> e+e- c c~ X) and sigma(e+e- -> e+e- b b~ X) are measured and compared to next-to-leading order perturbative QCD calculations. The cross section of b production is measured in gamma-gamma collisions for the first time. It is in excess of the QCD prediction by a factor of three.
Total cross section for charm production.
Total cross section for beauty production.
This Letter describes a measurement of the muon cross section originating from b quark decay in the forward rapidity range 2.4 < y(mu) < 3.2 in pbarp collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.8 TeV. The data used in this analysis were collected by the D0 experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron. We find that NLO QCD calculations underestimate b quark production by a factor of four in the forward rapidity region. A cross section measurement using muon+jet data has been included in this version of the paper.
The forward muon cross section (per unit rapidity).
The cross section for muons originating from b-quark decay.
Integrated cross sections for muons originating from b-quark decay. The statistical and systematic errors are added in quadrature.
We report on a search for bottom squarks produced in pbarp collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.8 TeV using the D0 detector at Fermilab. Bottom squarks are assumed to be produced in pairs and to decay to the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP) and a b quark with branching fraction of 100%. The LSP is assumed to be the lightest neutralino and stable. We set limits on the production cross section as a function of bottom squark mass and LSP mass.
It is assumed that the S-BQ decays intp BQ and LSP with a branching fraction of 100%.
We report on the production characteristics and total cross section for 9 beauty hadron pairs produced by a 600 GeV/ c π − beam, the first such information in this energy region. The events were detected in the hybrid emulsion spectrometer of Fermilab Experiment E653. The measured pair cross section for all χ F , assuming linear A dependence, is 33±11 (stat.)±6(syst.) nb/nucleon. Fits of the inclusive single-hadron production distribution to the forms d σ d χ F ∝ (1−|χ F −χ 0 |) n and d σ d p T 2 ∝ exp (−bp t 2 ) give n=5.0 −2.1−1.7 +2.7+1.7 , χ 0 =0.06 −0.07−0.03 +0.06+0.02 , and b=0.13 −0.04−0.02 +0.05+0.02 ( GeV /c −2 . .The pairs tend to be produced back-to-back.
Cross section over all x assuming A**1 nuclear dependence.
Fit to data of form dsig/dx ^ (1-ABS(X-X0))**N yields X0 = 0.06 +0.06,-0.07(DSYS=+0.02,-0.03) and N = 5.0 +2.7,-2.1(DSYS=+-1.7).
Fit to data of form dsig/dPT**2 ^ exp(-B*PT**2) yields B = 0.13 +0.05,-0.04(DSYS=+-0.02).
B B production in π − -uranium interactions has been observed at 320 GeV beam energy looking at events with three muons in the final state. The cross section is found to be σ B B = 4.5±1.4±1.4 nb per nucleon (for a linear A -dependence) or σ B B = 17.6±5.5±5.5 nb per nucleon (assuming A 0.75 dependence). An estimate of x F distribution is given.
BEAUTY INCLUSIVE SPECTRA WAS ASSUMED TO BE E*D(SIG)/D(X)/D(PT**2) = EXP(-0.9*PT**2)*(1-ABS(X))**A. THE BEST FIT FOR A IS A = 2.5.
ASSUME A**.75 DEPENDENCE.
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