Electron-proton elastic scattering cross sections have been measured at squared four-momentum transfers q 2 of 0.67, 1.00, 1.17, 1.50, 1.75, 2.33 and 3.00 (GeV/ c ) 2 and Electron scattering angles θ e between 10° and 20° and at about 86° in the laboratory. The proton electromagnetic form factors G E p and G M p were determined. The results indicate that G E p ( q 2 ) decreases faster with increasing q 2 than G M p ( q 2 ). Quasi-elastic electron-deuteron cross sections have been determined at values of q 2 = 0.39, 0.565, 0.78, 1.0 and 1.5 (GeV/ c ) 2 and scattering angles between 10° and 12°. At q 2 = 0.565 (GeV/ c 2 data have also been taken with θ e = 35° and at q 2 = 1.0 and 1.5 (GeV/ c ) 2 with θ e = 86°. Electron-proton as well as electron-neutron scattering cross sections have been deduced by the ratio method. The theoretical uncertainties of this procedure are shown to be small by comparison of the bound with the free proton cross sections. The magnetic form factor of the neutron G M n derived from the data is consistent with the scaling law. The charge form factor of the neutron is found to be small.
Axis error includes +- 2.1/2.1 contribution (NORMALISATION ERROR).
Axis error includes +- 2.1/2.1 contribution (NORMALISATION ERROR).
Axis error includes +- 2.1/2.1 contribution (NORMALISATION ERROR).
We have measured the differential cross section for π−p elastic scattering at 180° in steps of 0.10 GeV/c or less in the region P0=1.6 to 5.3 GeV/c. We detected elastic scattering events, from protons in a liquid H2 target, with a double spectrometer consisting of magnets and scintillation counters in coincidence. The incident π− beam was counted by scintillation counters. The cross section was found to have considerable structure. This may be interpreted as interference between the resonant amplitudes and the nonresonant or background amplitude. Very strong destructive interference occurs around P0=2.15 GeV/c, where the cross section drops almost two orders of magnitude in passing through the N*(2190). Another interesting feature of the data is a large narrow peak in the cross section at P0=5.12 GeV/c, providing firm evidence for the existence of a nucleon resonance with a mass of 3245±10 MeV. This N*(3245) has a full width of less than 35 MeV, which is about 1% of its mass. From this experiment we were able to determine the parity and the quantity χ(J+12) for each N* resonance, where χ is the elasticity and J is the spin of the resonance.
No description provided.
No description provided.
No description provided.
The exclusive reactions $\gamma p \to K^{*0} \Sigma^+(1189)$ and $\gamma p \to K^{0} \pi^{0}\Sigma^+(1189)$, leading to the p 4$\pi^{0}$ final state, have been measured with a tagged photon beam for incident energies from threshold up to 2.5 GeV. The experiment has been performed at the tagged photon facility of the ELSA accelerator (Bonn). The Crystal Barrel and TAPS detectors were combined to a photon detector system of almost 4$\pi$ geometrical acceptance. Differential and total cross sections are reported. At energies close to the threshold, a flat angular distribution has been observed for the reaction $\gamma p\to K^{0} \pi^{0}\Sigma^+$ suggesting dominant s-channel production. $\Sigma^*(1385)$ and higher lying hyperon states have been observed. An enhancement in the forward direction in the angular distributions of the reaction $\gamma p \to K^{*0}\Sigma^+$ indicates a $t$-channel exchange contribution to the reaction mechanism. The experimental data are in reasonable agreement with recent theoretical predictions.
Differential cross section D(SIG)/DCOS(THETA(SIG+)) for the GAMMA P --> K0 PI0 SIGMA+ reaction for beam energies 1500-1700 and 1700-1850 MeV.
Differential cross section D(SIG)/DCOS(THETA(SIG+)) for the GAMMA P --> K0 PI0 SIGMA+ reaction for beam energies 1850-2000 and 2000-2150 MeV.
Differential cross section D(SIG)/DCOS(THETA(SIG+)) for the GAMMA P --> K0 PI0 SIGMA+ reaction for beam energies 2150-2300 and 2300-2500 MeV.
The reactions gamma p --> K+ Lambda and gamma p --> K+ Sigma0 were measured in the energy range from threshold up to a photon energy of 2.6 GeV. The data were taken with the SAPHIR detector at the electron stretcher facility, ELSA. Results on cross sections and hyperon polarizations are presented as a function of kaon production angle and photon energy. The total cross section for Lambda production rises steeply with energy close to threshold, whereas the Sigma0 cross section rises slowly to a maximum at about E_gamma = 1.45 GeV. Cross sections together with their angular decompositions into Legendre polynomials suggest contributions from resonance production for both reactions. In general, the induced polarization of Lambda has negative values in the kaon forward direction and positive values in the backward direction. The magnitude varies with energy. The polarization of Sigma0 follows a similar angular and energy dependence as that of Lambda, but with opposite sign.
Differential cross sections for the reaction GAMMA P --> K+ LAMBDA in the energy region 0.9 to 1.0 GeV.
Differential cross sections for the reaction GAMMA P --> K+ LAMBDA in the energy region 1.0 to 1.2 GeV.
Differential cross sections for the reaction GAMMA P --> K+ LAMBDA in the energy region 1.2 to 1.4 GeV.
We report a high-statistics measurement of differential cross sections for the process gamma gamma -> pi^0 pi^0 in the kinematic range 0.6 GeV <= W <= 4.0 GeV and |cos theta*| <= 0.8, where W and theta* are the energy and pion scattering angle, respectively, in the gamma gamma center-of-mass system. Differential cross sections are fitted to obtain information on S, D_0, D_2, G_0 and G_2 waves. The G waves are important above W ~= 1.6 GeV. For W <= 1.6 GeV the D_2 wave is dominated by the f_2(1270) resonance while the S wave requires at least one additional resonance besides the f_0(980), which may be the f_0(1370) or f_0(1500). The differential cross sections are fitted with a simple parameterization to determine the parameters (the mass, total width and Gamma_{gamma gamma}B(f_0 -> pi^0 pi^0)) of this scalar meson as well as the f_0(980). The helicity 0 fraction of the f_2(1270) meson, taking into account interference for the first time, is also obtained.
Differential cross section for W = 0.61, 0.63 and 0.65 GeV.
Differential cross section for W = 0.67, 0.69 and 0.71 GeV.
Differential cross section for W = 0.73, 0.75 and 0.77 GeV.
The cross sections for the two antiproton-proton annihilation-in-flight modes, ˉp + p → π+ + π- ˉp + p → k+ + k- were measured for fifteen laboratory antiproton beam momenta ranging from 0.72 to 2.62 GeV/c. No magnets were used to determine the charges in the final state. As a result, the angular distributions were obtained in the form [dσ/dΩ (ΘC.M.) + dσ/dΩ (π – ΘC.M.)] for 45 ≲ ΘC.M. ≲ 135°. A hodoscope-counter system was used to discriminate against events with final states having more than two particles and antiproton-proton elastic scattering events. One spark chamber was used to record the track of each of the two charged final particles. A total of about 40,000 pictures were taken. The events were analyzed by measuring the laboratory angle of the track in each chamber. The value of the square of the mass of the final particles was calculated for each event assuming the reaction ˉp + p → a pair of particles with equal masses. About 20,000 events were found to be either annihilation into π ±-pair or k ±-pair events. The two different charged meson pair modes were also distinctly separated. The average differential cross section of ˉp + p → π+ + π- varied from ~ 25 µb/sr at antiproton beam momentum 0.72 GeV/c (total energy in center-of-mass system, √s = 2.0 GeV) to ~ 2 µb/sr at beam momentum 2.62 GeV/c (√s = 2.64 GeV). The most striking feature in the angular distribution was a peak at ΘC.M. = 90° (cos ΘC.M. = 0) which increased with √s and reached a maximum at √s ~ 2.1 GeV (beam momentum ~ 1.1 GeV/c). Then it diminished and seemed to disappear completely at √s ~ 2.5 GeV (beam momentum ~ 2.13 GeV/c). A valley in the angular distribution occurred at cos ΘC.M. ≈ 0.4. The differential cross section then increased as cos ΘC.M. approached 1. The average differential cross section for ˉp + p → k+ + k- was about one third of that of the π±-pair mode throughout the energy range of this experiment. At the lower energies, the angular distribution, unlike that of the π±-pair mode, was quite isotropic. However, a peak at ΘC.M. = 90° seemed to develop at √s ~ 2.37 GeV (antiproton beam momentum ~ 1.82 GeV/c). No observable change was seen at that energy in the π±-pair cross section. The possible connection of these features with the observed meson resonances at 2.2 GeV and 2.38 GeV, and its implications, were discussed.
No description provided.
No description provided.
Quasi-free photoproduction of eta-mesons off nucleons bound in the deuteron has been measured with the CBELSA/TAPS detector for incident photon energies up to 2.5 GeV at the Bonn ELSA accelerator. The eta-mesons have been detected in coincidence with recoil protons and recoil neutrons, which allows a detailed comparison of the quasi-free n(gamma,eta)n and p(gamma,eta)p reactions. The excitation function for eta-production off the neutron shows a pronounced bump-like structure at W=1.68 GeV (E_g ~ 1 GeV), which is absent for the proton.
Measured value of the quasi-free eta cross section off protons and neutrons as a function of incident photon energy.
Ratio of the measured quasi-free neutron to proton cross sections as a function of incident photon energy.
Measured angular distribution for an incident photon energy of 0.700 GeV.
Electroproduction of exclusive $\phi$ vector mesons has been studied with the CLAS detector in the kinematical range $1.6\leq Q^2\leq 3.8$ GeV$^{2}$, $0.0\leq t^{\prime}\leq 3.6$ GeV$^{2}$, and $2.0\leq W\leq 3.0$ GeV. The scaling exponent for the total cross section as $1/(Q^2+M_{\phi}^2)^n$ was determined to be $n=2.49\pm 0.33$. The slope of the four-momentum transfer $t'$ distribution is $b_{\phi}=0.98 \pm 0.17$ GeV$^{-2}$. The data are consistent with the assumption of s-channel helicity conservation (SCHC). Under this assumption, we determine the ratio of longitudinal to transverse cross sections to be $R=0.86 \pm 0.24$. A 2-gluon exchange model is able to reproduce the main features of the data.
Axis error includes +- 18.6/18.6 contribution.
Axis error includes +- 18.6/18.6 contribution.
Axis error includes +- 18.6/18.6 contribution.
None
No description provided.
No description provided.
No description provided.
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No description provided.
No description provided.
No description provided.
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