This paper presents results of an experiment on hadron production in deep-inelastic electron scattering. Good agreement with the predictions of the quark-parton model is found. The Fragmentation functions for u and d quarks into pions are determined, and comparison is made with other deep-inelastic processes and with recent quark jet parametrizations.
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From the analysis of 5630 v υ and of 1372 v π charged current interactions, obtained in the BEBC bubble chamber filled with deuterium and exposed to the CERN wide band antineutrino beam, the ratios of cross section on neutron and photon targets have been measured and found to be R σ ν)/σ v p = 0.51 ± 0.01 (±0.03) , and R σ( ν n )/σ( v p ) = 22.2 ± 0.12 (±0.25) The dependence of these ratios on the x scaling variable shows, in a direct way, that the momentum distribution of the majority quark, u p ( x ) = d n ( x ), is broader than that of the minority quark, u n ( x ) = d p ( x ).
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Measurements are presented of the variation with Q 2 (scaling violation) of the hadron multiplicity in deep inelastic muon-proton scattering. An increase in the average multiplicity of both the charged hadrons and K 0 mesons is observed with increasing Q 2 or x Bj for fixed centre-of-mass energy W . The study of the shape of the effective fragmentation function D h ( z , W , Q 2 ) shows that the increase of the particle yield with Q 2 takes place for low z particles. The variation of the hadron distributions with Q 2 is also studied in the current fragmentation region where a decrease in multiplicity is observed. Such effects are expected from QCD.
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New data is presented on the ratios of structure functions F 2 ( x , Q 2 ) measured in deep inelastic muon scattering with deuterium, nitrogen, and iron targets. The existence of nuclear effects at large Q 2 is confirmed with improved systematic accuracy. The ratio F 2 Fe ( x ) F 2 D 2 ( x ) covers the range 0.20 ⩽ x ⩽ 0.70 and is in agreement with earlier measurements. The ratio F 2 N 2 ( x )/ F 2 D 2 ( x ) is measured over the range 0.08 ⩽ x ⩽ 0.70 and is compatible with unity below x = 0.3.
VALUES OF Q2 CORRESPONDING TO THE X-BINS IN THIS TABLE ARE:- 46-106,46-106,53-150,53-200,70-200,80-200 RESPECTIVELY.
VALUES OF Q2 CORRESPONDING TO THE X-BINS IN THIS TABLE ARE:- 26-40,26-61,30-80,30-106,30-106,30-150,30-200,35-200,46-200.
Data from a neutrino and antineutrino hydrogen experiment with BEBC are used to investigate transverse properties of the produced charged hadrons. Measurements are presented on average transverse momenta of charged pions as functions of Feynman-x and the hadronic mass, on the transverse momentum flow within an event and on jet-related quantities. The main features of the data are well described by the LUND model. The data favour a version of the model in which soft gluon effects are included and the primordial transverse momentum of the quarks in the proton is small. Effects from 1st order QCD (hard gluon emission) are negligible.
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Some experimental properties of the charged hadronic fragments are compared for νp, νn,\(\bar vp\) and\(\bar vn\) interactions: multiplicities of forward and backward going particles,xF distributions for pions, fragmentation functions and theirQ2 andW2 dependence. The results are compared with the predictions of the Lund fragmentation model.
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Nucleon structure functions obtained from neutrino and anti-neutrino scattering on iron nuclei at high energies (Ev=30 to 250 GeV) are presented. These results are compared with the results of other lepton-nucleon scattering experiments. The structure functions are used to test the validity of the Gross-Llewellyn-smith sum rule, which measures the number of valence quarks in the nucleons, and to obtain leading and second order QCD fits.
Measured charged current total cross section.
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The UA2 experiment, running at the CERN SPS\(\bar pp\) Collider, has performed a study of events containing three hard jets in the final state. The angular distributions of the three jets show evidence for gluon bremsstrahlung, in good agreement with a QCD model to leading order in the strong coupling constant αs. The yield of three-jet events relative to that of two-jet events provides a measure of the strong coupling constant: ;3K3/K2=0.23±0.01±0.04, whereK2 andK3 represent the contributions arising from higher order corrections in α3 to the two- and three-jet exclusive cross-sections. A detailed discussion of the systematic and theoretical uncertainties is given.
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The relative yields of kaons and protons compared with the yield of pions at highpT and polar angles θ away from 90° (in the range from 10° to 45°) are presented forpp, dd, and αα interactions at a centre-of-mass energy\(\sqrt {s_{NN} }= 31\) GeV per nucleon-nucleon collision. The measured particle ratios depend on the atomic mass numberA of the beam particles and on θ. TheA dependence of the ratios becomes stronger for largerpT and is more pronounced at smaller polar angles.
ERRORS ARE PURELY STATISTICAL.
ERRORS ARE PURELY STATISTICAL.
ERRORS ARE PURELY STATISTICAL.
Neutral kaon to negative pion production ratios fromvp and\(\bar vp\) charged current interactions in BEBC are presented and compared with LUND fragmentation model predictions. Good agreement is obtained with a strangeness suppression factor λ=0.203±0.014(stat)±0.010(sys). No evidence is seen for an energy dependence of λ in our kinematic region.
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