The total proton-proton cross section (excluding Coulomb scattering) has been measured at energies from 410 Mev up to 2.6 Bev, using external beams from the Cosmotron. Fast counting equipment was used to measure the attenuation of the beams through polyethylene, carbon, and liquid H2 absorbers. At each energy E, σp−p(E, Ω) was measured as a function of the solid angle Ω subtended by the rear counter at the center of the absorber. The total cross section σp−p was obtained by a least squares straight line extrapolation to Ω=0. The measured σp−p as a function of energy rises sharply from 26.5 mb at 410 Mev to 47.8 mb at 830 Mev and then remains approximately constant out to 1.4 Bev, above which energy it decreases gradually to about 42 mb at 2.6 Bev. Using the same equipment and procedure, we have also measured the D2O-H2O difference cross section, called "σp−n," for protons over the same energy range. From a comparison of "σp−n," and σp−p, with the n−p and n−d measurements of Coor et al. at 1.4 Bev, it is apparent that one nucleon is "shielded" by the other in the deuteron. This effect is not present at energies below 410 Mev. Comparing the measured p−p and "p−n" (corrected) cross sections with the results of other high-energy experiments, one may infer the following conclusions: (1) The sharp rise in σp−p from 400 to 800 Mev results from increasing single pion production, which may proceed through the T=32, J=32 excited nucleon state. (2) Above 1 Bev the inelastic (meson production) p−p cross section appears to be approximately saturated at 27-29 mb. (3) The rise in cross section for n−p interaction in the T=0 state, associated with the rise in double pion production, implies that double meson production also proceeds through the T=32 nucleon state. (4) The probable equality of σp−d and σn−d at 1.4 Bev implies the validity of charge symmetry at this energy.
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The total cross sections for νμn and νμp charged-current interactions and their ratio R=σT(νn)σT(νp) have been measured as a function of neutrino energy from 0.4 to 10 GeV. The experiment is performed using the BNL 7-foot deuterium bubble chamber exposed to the Alternating Gradient Synchrotron wide-band neutrino beam. The absolute values of the cross sections are normalized to the quasielastic scattering (νμn→μ−p) cross section. Above 1.6 GeV the data are consistent with the quark-parton model. We find that σT(νn)Eν=(1.07±0.05)×10−38, σT(νp)Eν=(0.54±0.04)×10−38, and σT(νN)Eν=(0.80±0.03)×10−38 cm2/GeV for 〈Eν〉=3.2 GeV, and R=1.95±0.10 for 〈Eν〉=3.7 GeV.
Axis error includes +- 0.0/0.0 contribution (?////SYSTEMATIC ERROR NOT GIVENNEUTRAL CURRENT AND NEUTRAL PARTICLES INDUCED REACTIONS, RESCATTERING IN DEUTERIUM).
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Total p−p cross-section measurements have been made at 28 momenta, in the range (0.575÷5.35) GeV/c. The cross-section decreases monotonically with increasing momentum. No important irregularity has been found.
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We report measurements of kaon electroproduction from hydrogen and deuterium targets carried out at the Wilson Synchrotron Laboratory at Cornell University. The reactions γVp→K+X0, K+Γ, and K+Σ0 were studied in the kinematic region 2.15≤W≤3.1 GeV and 1.2<Q2<4.0 GeV2 as a function of Q2, W, and ω. The K+Σ0 cross sections fall much more rapidly with increasing Q2 than the K+Λ cross sections so that K+Σ0KΛ→0 as Q2 increases.
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FIRST 11 DATA POINTS ARE FROM THE PRESENT EXPERIMENT. THE NEXT 4 DATA POINTS ARE HARVARD-CORNELL DATA: BEBEK ET AL., PRL 32, 21 (1974). THE LAST 8 DATA POINTS ARE CEA DATA: BROWN ET AL., PRL 28, 1086 (1972).
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The reactions K + p → K ∗+ (890) p , K + p → K ∗+ (1420) p and K + p → K 0 Δ ++ have been systematically studied for eleven incident momenta between 3.0 and 16.0 GeV/ c . Cross sections, differential cross sections and density matrix elements are presented. For K ∗ (890) production the contributions from natural and unnatural parity exchanges have also been separated into I = 0 and I = 1 components. Effective trajectories have been extracted in the case of natural parity exchange, and also for Δ ++ production.
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DATA AT NEIGHBOURING MOMENTA ARE GROUPED TOGETHER. THE RESONANCE PRODUCTION TOTAL CROSS SECTIONS ARE FITTED BY P**-N. THIS TABLE GIVES THE VALUES FOR EACH GROUP OF MOMENTA OF THE FITTED TOTAL CROSS SECTIONS WHICH ARE USED TO NORMALIZE THE DIFFERENTIAL CROSS SECTIONS.
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We present data on the five final states Λω, Λφ, Λϱ 0 , Σ 0 ⊘ and Σ 0 ϱ 0 produced in 3.1–3.6 GeV/ c K − p interactions. These data are from a bubble chamber experiment with 18 events/μb. For all reactions the data consist of the overall and differetial cross sections, and the hyperon polarisation and the vector meson's density matrix elements as a function of momentum transfer. For Λω and Λ⊘, an almost complete amplitude analysis is performed in several regions of momentum transfer. The data are examined from the point of view of various exchange models.
CORRECTED FOR UNSEEN DECAY MODES OF LAMBDA, OMEGA AND PHI.
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NO BACKWARD PHI PRODUCTION.
We have studied photoproduction using a 1 m streamer chamber at DESY and a tagged photon beam with an energy range of 1.6 GeV < E γ < 6.3 GeV. We analysed approximately 30 000 events and report topological, channel and resonance production cross sections for a large number of reactions with three and five outgoing charged particles.
CHANNEL CROSS SECTIONS FOR 3, 5 AND 7 PRONG REACTIONS.
'PARAMETRIZATION'.
'INTERFERENCE'.
We report measurements of the electroproduction of ϕ mesons from hydrogen at Q2 values of 0.23, 0.43, and 0.97 GeV2 with |t| varying from 0.125 to 1.3 GeV2 at each Q2 point. The data show no evidence for a Q2 dependence of the slope of the t distribution; the forward cross section falls with increasing Q2 as the square of the ϕ propagator; the decay angular distributions agree with the predictions of s-channel helicity conservation; and the ratio of the longitudinal to the transverse component increases linearly with Q2.
'DATA POINT ONE'.
'DATA POINT TWO'.
'DATA POINT THREE'. POOR STATISTICS - NOT IN PUBLISHED FIGURE.
The reactions p¯p→V0+neutrals were studied in a multiparticle spectrometer at 3.0 GeV/c incident momentum, with a sensitivity of about 150 events/μb. Differential cross sections and polarization of the Λ¯ for the final states Λ¯(Λ) and Λ¯(Σ0) are reported and compared with theoretical models. Differential cross sections of the K0 in K0[K*(890)] and the Λ in Λ(Λ¯+Σ¯0) are also measured. Upper limits of a few μb MeV are obtained for the formation of narrow resonances decaying into V0+neutrals in the mass interval 2.74-2.80 GeV/c2.
FORWARD HEMISPHERE TOTAL CROSS SECTIONS NOT INCLUDING CHARGE CONJUGATE REACTIONS. CORRECTED FOR DECAY BRANCHING RATIOS AND FOR BACKGROUNDS.
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The differential cross sections for KL0p→KS0p scattering are presented in several momentum intervals between 1 and 10 GeVc. The data are strongly peaked in the forward direction, characteristic of a large s-channel helicity-nonflip scattering amplitude in this reaction, and a distinct break in the differential cross section occurs at |t|=0.3 GeV2. The phase of the forward scattering amplitude, φ, is consistent with being independent of momentum. The average value of the phase, φ=−133.9±4.0∘, corresponds to a Regge trajectory α(0)=0.49±0.05 in agreement with the canonical ρ, ω0 Regge intercept, α(0)∼0.5. However, this result disagrees with the Regge trajectory determined from the energy dependence of the forward cross section, α(0)=0.30±0.03, indicating a breaking of the Regge phase-energy relation. Comparisons of KL0p→KS0p and π−p→π0n scattering data reveal substantial differences in the energy dependence of the differential cross sections. Comparisons to KN charge-exchange data then suggest that direct-channel (absorption) effects may explain the differences in πN and KN channels.
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