Measurements of the invariant cross section Ed3σd3p are presented for the production of hadrons (π, K, p, and p¯) at large transverse momentum (p⊥) by 200-, 300-, and 400-GeV protons incident on H2, D2, Be, Ti, and W targets. The measurements were made at a laboratory angle of 77 mrad, which corresponds to angles near 90° in the c.m. system of the incident proton and a single nucleon at rest. The range in p⊥ for the data is 0.77≤p⊥≤6.91 GeV/c, corresponding to values of the scaling variable x⊥=2p⊥s from 0.06 to 0.64. For p−p collisions, the pion cross sections can be represented in the region x⊥>35 by the form (1p⊥n)(1−x⊥)b, with n=8 and b=9. The ratio of π+ to π− production grows as a function of x⊥ to a value larger than 2 at x⊥≳0.5. The ratios of the production of K+ and protons to π+ and of K− and antiprotons to π− also scale with x⊥ for p−p collisions. The K±, p, and p¯ fitted values for n and b are given. Particle ratios are also presented for D2, Be, Ti, and W targets and the dependences on atomic weight (A) are discussed.
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We report on partial results of the analysis of a p̄p backward elastic scattering experiment, between 175 and 750 MeV/ c . Various evidences are given of the resonant nature of a backward peak at the S-meson mass. Analysis leads to J PC =4 ++ , firmly connected to other experimental data with I G =1 − . All results agree for an assignment to the A 2 trajectory.
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We present the first direct measurements of charged-particle multiplicity distributions for pp collisions at ISR energies. The measurements are performed by means of a streamer chamber detector with large solid-angle coverage and excellent multitrack efficiency. Particle densities are observed to rise in the central region as s increases. The multiplicity distributions in this region deviate from a Poisson Law, thus giving evidence for correlations. These correlations are of the same type as those obtained from clustering of the collision products. The mean charged multiplicity over the full rapidity range increases faster than log s . Our data do not support an early onset of KNO multiplicity scaling.
Pseudorapidity distribution at 23.6 GeV.
Pseudorapidity distribution at 45.2 GeV.
Pseudorapidity distribution at 62.8 GeV.
The small-angle elastic scattering for pp at s=23.5, 30.7, and 52.8 GeV and for p¯p at s=52.8 GeV are measured. The data are normalized on Coulomb scattering. Using the optical theorem and the best estimate of the real part of the forward scattering amplitude, ρ(pp¯)=0.1, we obtain σtot(p¯p)=44.1±2.9 mb for the total cross section and b(p¯p)=13.6±2.2 GeV−2 for the nuclear slope parameter. This supports the dispersion relation prediction that σtot(p¯p) will start to rise above Elab≈200 GeV.
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The total cross section for the process e + e − → hadrons has been measured in the CM energy range between 12.0 and 36.4 GeV using the JADE detector with a typical systematic error of ±3%. The ratio R( σ( ee → hadrons ) σ pt ) is found to be constant over this range with an average value of 3.97 ± 0.05 (statistical and point-to-point systematic error) ± 0.10 (normalization error). The data were compared with the standard electro-weak interaction model including QCD corrections.
ERRORS ARE STATISTICAL PLUS POINT TO POINT SYSTEMATICS. THERE IS AN ADDITIONAL 2.4 PCT OVERALL NORMALIZATION ERROR.
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Cross sections for the reactionse+e−→e+e− (Bhabha scattering) ande+e−→γγ are measured for center-of-mass (c.m.) energies\(\sqrt s \) between 12.0 and 34.6 GeV. The results agree with the predictions of Quantum Electrodynamics (QED) and the cut-off parameters are determined. From Bhabha scattering at the highest energy,\(\left\langle {\sqrt s } \right\rangle= 34.6 GeV\), the 1 δ limits 0.12<sin2 ϑw<0.38 are obtained for the weak mixing angle. The higher order (α3) QED processese+e−→e+e−γ ande+e−→γγγ are also studied and are found to agree with the α3 QED predictions. A search for excited electrons is carried out by investigating the (e±γ) invariant mass distribution in the reactione+e−→e+e−γ.
Total cross sections.
Angular distribution.
Angular distribution.
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MEAN CHARGED MULTIPLICITY.
MEAN CHARGED MULTIPLICITY AFTER SUBTRACTING SECONDARIES FROM KS AND LAMBDA DECAY, PLUS LEPTONS FROM HEAVY QUARK WEAK DECAYS ARE FROM DALITZ DECAYS. I.E. NUMBER OF CHARGED HADRONS HAVING LIFETIME > 10**-9 SEC.
INVERSE RELATIVE DISPERSION.
We present a measurement of the polarization of Antilambda hyperons produced in nu_mu charged current interactions. The full data sample from the NOMAD experiment has been analyzed using the same V0 identification procedure and analysis method reported in a previous paper for the case of Lambda hyperons. The Antilambda polarization has been measured for the first time in a neutrino experiment. The polarization vector is found to be compatible with zero.
Lambdabar polarization in regions of Feynman X (XL).
Lambdabar polarization in regions of the Bjorken scaling variable X.
The energy dependence of the relative production rate of three-jet events is studied in hadronic e + e − annihilation events at center of mass energies between 22 and 46.7 GeV. Three-jet events are defined by a jet finding algorithm which is closely related to the definition of resolvable jets used in O( α s 2 ) perturbative QCD calculations, where the relative production rate of three-jet events is roughly proportional to the size of the strong coupling strength. The production rates of three-jet events in the data decrease significantly with increasing centre of mass energy. The experimental rates, which are independent of fragmentation model calculations, can be directly compared to theoretically calculated jet production rates and are in good agreement with the QCD expectations of a running coupling strength. The hypothesis of an energy independent coupling constant can be excluded with a significance of four standard derivations.
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The production and decay of τ-pairs was studied with the JADE detector at PETRA at center-of-mass energies of 30 ⩽√ s ⩽ 46.78 GeV. The total production cross section for τ-pairs agreed with QED predictions to order α 3 . Lower limits on QED cut-off parameters of Λ + > 285 GeV and Λ − > 210 GeV at 95% confidence level were ontained. The decay branching fractions into one and three charged particles were determined to be (86.1 ± 0.5 ± 0.9)% and (13.6±0.5 ±0.80)%. In the angular distributions a forward-backward asymmetry was observed, from which the axial-vector weak charge to the τ was determined to be a τ = −0.74 ± 0.22 in agreement with the standard model. An analysis of the process e + e − → τ + τ − γ showed agreement with QED calculations to O(α 3 ).
Includes data from earlier analysis at lower energy - M. Nozaki - Tokyo - UTLICEPP-82-02.
Angular distributions - data requested from authors.
Forward-backward asymmetry determined from fit to angular distribution of form N*(1 + cos(theta)**2 + (3/8)*A*cos(theta)).
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