The charmonium χ states are observed in both π− and p Be interactions near 200 GeV/c via their radiative decay into J/ψ. The χ(3510) and χ(3555) are produced with roughly equal cross sections in π− collisions while the χ(3555) dominates in p collisions. Simple gluon fusion can account for χ production with incident protons but additional mechanisms are needed for incident π−.

We have measured the total cross sections of Ω− and Ω¯+ forward (xF>~0) inclusive production in KL0-carbon interactions in the range EK0=80 to 280 GeV to be 3.5±1.4 and 2.4±1.0 μb, respectively. We observe that the xF distributions for both of these states are increasing from xF=0 to xF≈0.6. The p⊥2 distributions are described as an exponential function in p⊥ with an average p⊥2 of 0.540 GeV2/c2.

The first direct measurements of neutron-proton and neutron-deuteron total cross sections in the momentum range 14 to 27 GeV/c are presented. The np total cross section apparently becomes less than the pp total cross section in this momentum region. Our results show no evidence for a rapid vanishing of the Glauber screening correction as predicted by Abers et al. on the basis of Regge theory.

The elastic scattering of negative pions on protons at 2.26 GeVc has been studied using the Lawrence Radiation Laboratory 72-in. hydrogen-filled bubble chamber. The elastic scattering cross section is found to be 8.91±0.24 mb. The forward diffraction peak is well fitted by an exponential in the square of the four-momentum transfer, and the slope is found to be 8.8±0.1 GeV−2. The differential cross section is parametrized in terms of three models: optical, strong-absorption, and two-slope. It is found that the two-slope model affords the best description of the data and also does very well in predicting the polarization data of other experiments. The best-fit parameters for all three models are given. In addition, the amplitudes associated with the best fits are given for the strong-absorption and the two-slope models.

A 14-in. liquid-hydrogen-filled bubble chamber in a 17.5-kG magnetic field was exposed to a beam of negative pions produced by the Cosmotron at Brookhaven National Laboratory. About 26 000 pictures were taken and examined for the following final states: (1) elastic scattering (π−p); (2) π+ production (π−π+n); (3) π0 production (π−π0p); (4) neutrals. Values for the cross sections for these processes are σ(elastic)=17.56±0.43 mb, σ(π+)=7.14±0.23 mb, σ(π0)=4.65±0.17 mb. The elastic-scattering angular dependence in the c.m. system is fitted by a power-series expansion in cosθ and gives the following coefficients: a0=0.27±0.02, a1=1.48±0.11, a2=3.86±0.22, a3=−0.29±0.53, a4=−0.65±0.28, a5=1.69±0.52 (units: mb/sr). Cross sections for multiple-pion production were also measured: σ(π−π+π0n)=0.33±0.04 mb, σ(π−π+π−p)=0.08±0.02 mb. The total neutral cross section was σ(neutrals)=11.78±0.43 mb; the total charged events cross section was σ(charged)=29.76±0.69 mb; and the total cross section was σ(total)=41.54±0.82 mb. For single-pion production events, two-body mass distributions and angular distributions were compared with the predictions of the Olsson-Yodh isobar model.

The polarization parameter in elastic π−p scattering has been measured, at the Berkeley 184-in. synchrocyclotron, with the use of a polarized proton target. At 318-, 337-, and 390-MeV incident pion kinetic energy, the angular range from 70° to 180° in the center-of-mass system was covered. At 229 MeV, polarization measurements were made in the angular range 150° to 180°. Phase-shift analyses, using these and other published data, were made at the two lowest energies.

We have made the first observations of Ξ − production in p p interactions at √ s =540 GeV. In a sample of 6964 non single-diffractive events we observe 17 Ξ − decays with an estimated background of less than one event. This corresponds to 0.04 ± 0.01 Ξ − per event in the transverse momentum range p t >1.0 GeV/ c and in the pseudorapidity range |η| < 3.5. Assuming an exponential p t distribution, we find 〈 p t 〉=1.1 −0.2 +0.3 GeV/ c .

Total cross sections for negative pions on protons were measured at laboratory energies of 230, 290, 370, 427, and 460 Mev. The measurements were made in the same pion beams as and at energies identical with those of our π−−p differential scattering experiments. Comparisons of the total and differential scattering can be made with the dispersion theory at a given energy without introducing the systematic errors that would normally enter due to uncertainties in the parameters of more than one pion beam. The measured total cross sections are found to agree within statistics with other measured values, and with the sums of elastic, inelastic, and charge-exchange cross sections measured at this laboratory. The results are:

Using 20.5 GeV electrons on protons, we measured inclusive π 0 's (of transverse momentum, p T , from 0 to 1.4 GeV/ c ) produced by virtual photons of energy, ν, from 4 to 16.5 GeV and four-momentum squared, q 2 , from −1.8 to −8.5 (GeV/ c ) 2 . Comparing with charged pion data, we find σ π 0 = 1 2 (σ π + + σ π − ) , supporting the quark model. Photon knockout of a quark is favored as the interpretation of these data because of scaling in z = E π / ν and similarity in z -dependence of other pion production data. Consistent with this interpretation are the dependence of 〈 p T 〉 on q 2 , the azimuthal dependence, and fits to the constituent interchange model. We also observe a possible p T −4 dependence at large | q 2 | over a limited p T range.

Single- and double-pion inclusive spectra are presented for 100-GeV/c p¯p interactions and compared with related pp data. Double-fragmentation distributions are shown to be understood within a Mueller-Regge framework as a product of single-fragmentation distributions. Consideration of pp and p¯p−pp distributions shows factorization to hold in Pomeron and in Reggeon exchanges independently.

Inclusive spectra are presented for π± production in 100-GeV/cp¯p interactions. The rapidity distribution for the difference (p¯p−pp) approximately scales as the difference in total cross sections in the fragmentation region between 12 and 100 GeV/c and exhibits an approximate s−12dependence in the central region.

For the reaction π−N→V0X, where V0 is a Ks0, Λ, and Λ¯ and X are charged particles, we measured the transverse- and longitudinal-momentum distributions, and inclusive cross sections for the V0 and for K*±(892), Σ±(1385), and Ξ±(1321). We compare our results with predictions of quark-counting rules, and conclude that valence quarks play an important role in strange-particle production.

Seventy-one events containing charmed-particle decays have been observed in an experiment using the SLAC Hybrid Facility exposed to a backward-scattered photon beam. Several improvements were made to the apparatus since the previous experiment on charm photoproduction. Results for the charmed-meson lifetimes are consistent with the published results from the previous experiment and the two data samples have been combined yielding a total sample of 136 charm events. After imposing rigorous cuts, 50 neutral, 48 charged, and 2 charged/neutral ambiguous decays remain. From these, the charmed-meson lifetimes are measured to be &=(8.6±1.3−0.3+0 .7)×10−13 sec, &=(6.1±0.9±0.3)×10 −13 sec, and their ratio &=1.4±0.3− 0.1+0.2. The total charm cross section at a photon energy of 20 GeV has been measured to be (62±8−10+15) nb. There is evidence for both DD¯X and D¯Λc+X production with σD¯Λc+X/σcharm=(71± 11±6)%.

Sixty-two charm events have been observed in an exposure of the SLAC Hybrid Facility toa backward sacttered laser beam. Based on 22 neutral and 21 charged decays we have measured the charmed-meson lifetimes to be τD0=(6.8−1.8+2.3)×10−13 sec, τD±=(7.4−2.0+2.3)×10−13 sec and their ratio τD±τD0=1.1−0.3+0.6. The inclusive charm cross section at a photon energy of 20 GeV has been measured to be 56−23+24 nb. Evidence is presented for a non-DD¯ component to charm production, consistent with (35±20)% Λc+ production and some D*± production. We have found no unambiguous F decays.

We have studied inclusive production of KS0, Λ, and Λ¯ particles in 20-GeV γp interactions and have found features similar to those observed in both hadronic and leptonic interactions. The production cross sections, charged-particle multiplicities, and average Λ polarization are reported. Inclusive distributions of x and pT are shown and discussed in terms of quark fragmentation models. Production cross sections for K*(890) and Σ*(1385) are also reported.

The production of φ-meson pairs has been observed in 400-GeV/c proton-nucleon interactions at the Fermilab multiparticle spectrometer in the inclusive reaction pN→φφ+X, where each φ decays to a K+K− pair. A fast (200 nsec) high-level processor was used to selectively trigger on events containing two pairs of oppositely charged kaons having low invariant masses. The experimental apparatus and trigger processor are described. The cross section for φφ production and an upper limit for ηc production are presented.

Cross sections are presented for the inclusive photoproduction of KS0, Λ, Λ¯, Ξ−, Ξ¯−, Σ0, and Σ*±(1385) at 20 GeV. An upper limit to Ω− production is also given. The data come from 284 000 hadronic events photoproduced in the SLAC 1-m hydrogen-bubble-chamber hybrid facility exposed to a nearly monochromatic, polarized 20-GeV backscattered photon beam. A comparison of the KS0, Λ, Λ¯, and Ξ− rates per inelastic event to π±p data show that γp rates are consistent with being higher than the π±p rates, providing evidence of an ss¯ component of the photon. The pair cross sections for KS0KS0, KS0Λ, KSoΛ¯, and ΛΛ¯ are presented. The xF distributions of the Λ, Λ¯, and Ξ− are compared to a quark-diquark fusion model, giving information on strange-baryon photoproduction mechanisms.

Forty-seven charm events have been observed in an exposure of the SLAC Hybrid Facility bubble chamber to a 20-GeV backward-scattered laser beam. Thirty-seven events survive all the necessary cuts imposed. Based on this number the total charm cross section is calculated to be 63−28+33 nb.

Inclusive e+e− production in 17-GeV/c π−p collisions has been measured. An excess of e+e− pairs over those from known sources for 0.1<~mee<~0.6 GeV and x<0.5 was found. No evidence is found for enhancements in specific final states involving electrons and photons or charged particles. The photon multiplicity associated with these pairs is measured.

Measurements of the energy and t dependence of diffractive Jψ photoproduction are presented. A significant rise in the cross section over the energy range 60-300 GeV is observed. It is found that (30±4)% of the events are inelastic.

Inclusive η photoproduction has been studied at 9.7 GeV, on hydrogen and deuterium targets. A simple, parameter-free ρ0-dominance model adequately fits the forward cross sections, but overestimates the cross section at large momentum transfer.

Inclusive and semi-inclusive $ρ^0$ production in 100-GeV/c $\bar{p}p$ interactions has been studied as a function of c.m. rapidity and transverse momentum. Cross sections are compared with those for $\bar{p}p$ interactions at other energies, as well as pp and π±p interactions, over the range ∼2 < $p_{lab} < 200$ GeV/c. A measurement of the $f^0$ production cross section has been made. Calculations of the contribution from $\rho^0$ decay to prompt lepton production are presented.

We have investigated the inclusive production of γ, KS0, Λ0, and Λ¯0 in 100-GeV/c p¯p interactions in the 30-in. hydrogen bubble chamber at Fermilab. We present various inclusive distributions and compare them with corresponding distributions in 100-GeV/c pp interactions and lower-energy p¯p interactions. We find some evidence for Σ(1385) production but none for K*(890) production. We find evidence for a nonzero Λ0 polarization of -0.45 ± 0.21.

We present a measurement of the polarization and decay asymmetry parameters of the Ξ − inclusively produced in the forward direction in K − p interactions at 5 GeV/ c . The Ξ − decay parameters have been determined to be α Ξ = −0.405 ± 0.029 and Φ Ξ = 14.7° ± 16.0° from a sample of 20 865 events. A linear rise of the Ξ − polarization has been seen with respect to the transverse momentum of the Ξ − , reaching a maximum of 49 ± 4% at P ⊥ ∼ 0.50 GeV/ c . The value of α Ξ is consistent with the world average prior to 1975, but below the value measured by two recent experiments.

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